В глоссарии приведены термины, часто используемые в научной и технической литературе по геотермальной энергетике и технологии использования тепла «сухих горных пород» — петротермальной энергетике. Геотермальная энергетика является одной из наиболее перспективных направлений развития альтернативного энергообеспечения.
| energy access | People are provided the ability to benefi t from affordable, clean and reliable energy services for basic human needs (cooking and heating, lighting, communication, mobility) and productive uses.<... |
| energy effi ciency | The ratio of useful energy or other useful physical outputs obtained from a system, conversion process, transmission or storage activity to the input of energy (measured as kwh/kwh, tonnes/ kwh or... |
| energy productivity | The reciprocal of energy intensity. |
| energy savings | Decreasing energy intensity by changing the activities that demand energy inputs. energy savings can be realized by technical, annex i glossary, acronyms, chemical symbols and prefi xes organizati... |
| energy security | The goal of a given country, or the global community as a whole, to maintain an adequate energy supply. measures encompass safeguarding access to energy resources; enabling development and deploym... |
| general equilibrium models | General equilibrium models consider simultaneously all the markets and feedback effects among them in an economy leading to market clearance. |
| generation control | Generation of electricity at a renewable energy plant may be subject to various controls. active control is a deliberate intervention in the functioning of a system (for example, wind turbine pitc... |
| hybrid vehicle | - Any vehicle that employs two sources of propulsion, most commonly a vehicle that combines an internal combustion engine with an electric motor and storage batteries.
- Vehicle employi...
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| integrated assessment | A method of analysis that combines results and models from the physical, biological, economic and social sciences, and the interactions between these components in a consistent framework to evalua... |
| kyoto protocol | The kyoto protocol to the unfccc was adopted at the third session of the conference of the parties in in kyoto. it contains legally binding commitments, in addition to those included in the unfccc... |
| landfi ll | A solid waste disposal site where waste is deposited below, at or above ground level. limited to engineered sites with cover materials, controlled placement of waste and management of liquids and ... |
| models | Models are structured imitations of a system’s attributes and mechanisms to mimic appearance or functioning of systems, for example, the climate, the economy of a country, or a crop. mathematical ... |
| ocean energy | Energy obtained from the ocean via waves, tidal ranges, tidal and ocean currents, and thermal and saline gradients (note: submarine geothermal energy is covered under geothermal energy and marine ... |
| opportunities | In general: conditions that allow for advancement, progress or profi t. in the policy context, circumstances for action with the attribute of a chance character. for example, the anticipation of a... |
| orientations | (a) surfaces perpendicular to the beam solar radiation; (b) surfaces horizontal with or on the ground. full sun is solar irradiance that is approximately , w/m. |
| path dependence | Outcomes of a process are conditioned by previous decisions, events and outcomes, rather than only by current actions. choices based on transitory conditions can exert a persistent impact long aft... |
| policies | Policies are taken and/or mandated by a government—often in conjunction with business and industry within a single country, or collectively with other countries—to accelerate mitigation and adapta... |
| policy criteria | General: a standard on which a judgment or decision may be based. in the context of policies and policy instruments to support renewable energy, four inclusive criteria are common: effectiveness (... |
| polluter pays principle | In the oecd agreed that polluters should pay the costs of abating the own environmental pollution, for example by installation of fi lters, sanitation plants and other add-on techniques. this is t... |
| portfolio analysis | Examination of a collection of assets or policies that are characterized by different risks and payoffs. the objective function is built up around the variability of returns and their risks, leadi... |
| public fi nance | Public support for which a fi nancial return is expected (loans, equity) or fi nancial liability is incurred (guarantee). |
| valley of death | Expression for a phase in the development of some technology when it is generating a large and negative cash fl ow because development costs increase but the risks associated with the technology a... |
