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Battle of antietam
| Глоссарий по истории гражданской войны в США (английский) |
A civil war battle in 1862 in which 25,000 men were killed or wounded.
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Battle, английский
- Г. батлкрик (шт. мичиган, сша)
- A battle won by the british over the french, and the turning point in the french and indian war.
- An 1862 battle in which the union forced the confederacy to retreat in some of the fiercest fighting in the civil war.
- An 1863 battle in the civil war in which the union defeated the confederacy, ending hopes for a confederate victory in the north.
- In 1794, an american army defeated 2,000 native americans in a clash over control of the northwest territory.
- In 1836, texans defended a church called the alamo against the mexican army; all but five texans were killed.
- An engagement between two fleets, or even single ships, usually called a sea-fight or engagement. the conflict between the forces of two contending armies.
Battle, английский
Battle bowler, английский
World wars i and ii rn slang for an anti-shrapnel steel helmet, whose shape resembled a bowler hat. (also tin hat.)
Battle dress, английский
Usn term for flash-protective and splinter-resistant clothing for wear in combat. the rn term is “anti-flash gear.”
Battle efficiency, английский
Ability to meet exacting standards of combat readiness. the usn holds an annual battle efficiency competition and the winning unit is entitled to paint a white “e” on each side of the bridge and fly a triangular red pennant with a black ball. a ship which wins the five consecutive competitions replaces the white “e” with a gold one, and flies a triangular blue pennant with a yellow ball. see also prize money.
Battle fatigue, английский
- See combat fatigue.
- Психическая травма, полученная в ходе боевых действий
Battle flags, английский
In the days of sail it was common practice for warships to wear at least two and often three oversized ensigns, one on each mast. this served to identify their nationality in the smoke and confusion of combat; also to prevent an enemy from assuming they had struck their colors if one was shot away. the practice gradually fell into disuse but, as recently as the battle of the river plate in 1940, the command “hoist battle ensigns!” was issued, mainly as a means of encouraging crew morale and raising their fighting instinct. to avoid confusion, it is still the practice for a flag officer’s command flag to be kept aloft even if he is killed or incapacitated during combat.
Battle group, английский
See strike group.
Battle honors, английский
The names of fleet or individual actions in which a warship has taken honorable part. in the rn they are usually displayed on a battle honours board, mounted on the quarterdeck and include honors won by earlier ships with the same name. they are known as battle stars in the usn (see award flags & pennants). the rules governing their award are strictly governed in both navies.
Battle lamp/lantern, английский
Battery-powered light which turns on automatically if the ship’s power is cut off in action. known as emergency lighting in the rn.
Battle lantern, английский
(american). see fighting-lanterns.
Battle lights, английский
Dim red lights used below decks in order to preserve the night vision of seamen going out on deck.
Battle line, английский
A row of warships formed to engage an enemy in surface warfare. the formation originated in the seventeenth century and has been essentially obsolete since the battle of jutland in 1916, although it was employed during the battle of surigao strait in october 1944. (also called line of battle.)
Battle messing, английский
The process of feeding personnel on ships during prolonged periods at general quarters or action stations. 37 battle
Battle of the little bighorn, английский
An 1876 battle in which the sioux and the cheyenne wiped out an entire force of u.s. troops.
Battle of the thames, английский
An american victory over the british in the war of 1812, which ended the british threat to the northwest territory.
Battle of yorktown, английский
The last major battle of the revolutionary war, which resulted in the surrender of british forces in 1781.
Battle reconnaissance, английский
Разведка боем
Battle stars, английский
See battle honors.
Battle station, английский
Crew member’s place of duty during combat (cf. action station, general quarters).
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54th massachusetts regiment, английский
One of the first african-american regiments organized to fight for the union in the civil war.
Seven days’ battles, английский
An 1862 civil war battle in which the confederacy forced the union to retreat before it could capture the southern capital of richmond.
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