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Echo reduction
| Telecommunications Glossary |
A newer method of echo control, developed in 1988, uses attenuation in a new way to subjectively reduce the returned echo without the mutilation (choppiness, level drops, distortion) found in suppressers or center clippers. it rapidly and momentarily applies a variable amount of attenuation in between transmitted speech peaks (where the echo would be audible). it compares the transmit and receive signals to determine the likelihood of objectionable echo in the transmit signal, then calculates and inserts the appropriate amount of attenuation for that instant to control the echo. during outgoing speech peaks, the echo is masked by the strong local speech and rendered inaudible to the listener so that no attenuation is required.
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Echo, английский
- The reflections of signal energy that cause it to return to the transmitter or to the receiver.
- Sound waves which have been reflected to a listener with sufficient magnitude and time delay so as to be perceived separately from those communicated directly to the listener.
- Enteric, cytopathogenic, human, orphan
- [1] the reflection of a sound or electronic signal from a target to a receiver (e.g., radar or sonar). [2] the letter “e” in the nato phonetic alphabet.
- A delayed repetition of a sound or signal, usually at least 50 milliseconds after the original sound.
- Signal of reflected ultrasonic energy.
- Reflected acoustic energy or signal indicating such energy.
- Reflected acoustic energy or signal indicating such energy.7
Echo, английский
Echo, английский
Echo, английский
Echo, испанский
[eco] activa ('echo on') y desactiva ('echo off') la visualización de los caracteres en la pantalla que han sido enviados al 'host' remoto.
Echo acknowledgement, английский
Эхоподтверждение
Echo attenuation, английский
Затухание отраженного сигнала; затухание эха
Echo balance return loss, английский
Echo cancellation, английский
- Эхоподавление
- Метод, применяемый в высокоскоростных дуплексных модемах для выявления и фильтрации нежелательного отраженного сигнала, возникающего при наложении диапазонов частот каналов передачи и приема
- Подавление эхо
- Эхо-компенсация; эхоподавление
Echo canceller, английский
- Eliminates audio transmission echo. a telephone line echo canceller produces a synthetic replica of the echo it expects to see returning and subtracts it from the transmitted speech. the replica it creates is based on the transmission characteristics of the telephone cable between the echo canceller and the telephone set.
- Эхокомпенсатор
Echo chamber, английский
A hard-surfaced room or enclosed space containing a microphone placed at a distance from a loudspeaker. when sound is played through the speaker, the mic will pick up reverberation from the room.
Echo check, английский
Эхоконтроль; эхопроверка
Echo control device, английский
Echo control device indicator, английский
Echo curve, английский
Echo equalizer; echo killer, английский
Echo height, signal amplitude, английский
Echo imaging, английский
Echo loss, английский
Echo loss (aecho), английский
Echo on, английский
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Attenuation, английский
- The decrease in magnitude of a signal, as it travels through a medium. used to describe signal loss in a transmission system. measured in decibels (db).
- Поглощение
- Зависимость снижения мощности сигнала от расстояния. для оптоволоконных кабелей обычно выражается в дб/км
- In general terms, a reduction in signal strength.
- The decrease in magnitude of a wave, or a signal, as it travels through a medium or
- The difference between transmitted and received power due to loss through equipment, lines, or other transmission devices; usually expressed in decibels. the loss in power of electromagnetic signals between transmission and reception points.
- The decrease in magnitude of a wave, or a signal, as it travels through a medium or an electric system. it is measured in decibels (db).
- The loss of optical power, whether caused intrinsically (absorption, scattering, microbends, etc.), or extrinsically by components (connectors, splices, splitters, etc)
- The decrease in radiation energy (power) as a beam passes through an absorbing or scattering medium.
- Reduction of signal magnitude, or loss, normally measured in decibels. fiber attenuation is normally measured per unit length in decibels per kilometer. the decrease in signal strength along a fiber optic waveguide caused by absorption and scattering. attenuation is usually expressed in db/km.
- A reduction in the effect or strength of something such as a virus, either because of environmental conditions or as a result of a laboratory procedure
- Ослабление
- Ослабление (затухание). уменьшение количества радиации при ее прохождении через вещество в результате всех видов взаимодействия с этим веществом. ослабление обычно не связано с уменьшением геометрических размеров (мос, 5). ослабление солнечной радиации — потеря энергии световым лучом при его прохождении через атмосферу земли. потеря энергии обусловлена рассеянием света молекулами воздуха, селективной абсорбцией молекулами определенных веществ и рассеянием света аэрозолями (вмо).
- The weakening of a transmitted signal, such as the distortion of a digital signal or the reduction in amplitude of an electrical signal. attenuation is usually measured in decibels and is sometimes desirable, as when signal strength is reduced electronically, for example, by a radio volume control, to prevent overloading.
- The weakening of a transmitted signal, such as the reduction in the brightness of light, as it travels farther from its source.
- Regulatory system of prokaryotes whereby secondary stem-loop structures formed within the 5’ end of an mrna being transcribed determine both if transcription to complete the synthesis of this mrna will occur and if this mrna will be used for translation
- Decrease in transmitted energy intensity over distance. the loss may be due to absorption, scattering, reflection, leakage, beam divergence, or other material effects.
- Снижение интенсивности передаваемой энергии на расстоянии. потери могут быть вызваны поглощением, рассеянием, отражением, утечкой, расходимостью луча или другими материальными эффектами.
- Decrease in signal magnitude during energy transmission from one point to another. this loss may be caused by absorption, reflection, scattering of energy or other material characteristics or may be caused by an electronic or optical device such as an attenuator.1
- (1) decrease in energy or signal magnitude in transmission from one point to another. can be expressed in decibels or as a scalar ratio of the input magnitude to the output magnitude.16 (2) change in signal strength caused by an electronic device such as an attenuator. (3) decrease in intensity caused by absorption, leakage, reflection, scattering or other material characteristics. see also neper.
- (1) decrease in acoustic energy over distance. this loss may be caused by absorption, leakage, reflection, scattering or other material characteristics. (2) decrease in signal amplitude caused by acoustic energy loss or by an electronic device such as an attenuator.10,16,21
Mutilation, английский
- The crime of self-maiming to avoid serving.
- The term for a naval crime involving a self-inflicted wound or maiming to avoid service or obtain a discharge.
Distortion, английский
- A drying defect caused by the differential shrinkage along the three axes of a piece of wood. distortion may take the form of cup, bow, twist, spring or diamonding.
- Искажение, дисторсия
- The deviation of the received signal waveform from that of the original transmitted waveform.
- Nonproportional representation of an original.
- Искажение (формы); коробление
- Нарушение достоверности информации, см. bias; error, deviation, misreporting запасы (сырья и материалов), см. stocks with industrial consumers; reserves for manufacturing purposes al consumers; reserves for manufacturing purposes 61,. distributed stocks (of raw materials) — производственные запасы (сырья и материалов), см. stocks with industrial consumers; reserves for manufacturing purposes.
- An undesired change in wave form of a signal in the course of its passage through a transmission system.
- An off-axis lens aberration that changes the geometric shape of the image due to a variation of focal length as a function of field angle.
- Any changing of line, form, or even light by photographic materials, such as lenses, films, or filters. though most designers do all they can to eliminate distortion from lenses, most photographers take the "if you can`t beat `em, join `em" approach and exploit it wherever they find it; they use distortion as part of their visual expression.
- An aberration which occurs as light rays move from the center of the lens toward the periphery. as rays approach the edge, the lens’s increasing magnification causes a distorting of the image.
- The act of twisting part of the body out of its usual shape
- Искажение
- N псхл. искажение
- Расхождение; несовпадение; искажение; искривление
- An intentional desired, or unintentional unwanted, change in the audio waveform, causing a raspy or edgy sound quality.
- Changing incoming information in some way.
Likelihood, английский
- Вероятность. правдоподобие.
- Правдоподобие; вероятность
- In probabilistic and statistical methods, the likelihood is a measure of the evidence for the data when a hypothesis is assumed to be true. it is commonly used in bayesian and quasi-bayesian techniques. a related measure, minimum message length, can be derived from information theoretic principles. as an example, suppose you observe a data value x that is assumed to be gaussian. the likelihood for that data when the assumed mean is, say, 5, and the variance is 10, is proportional to e-((x-5)2/2*10), the kernel of a gaussian distribution. a likelihood is typically calculated using the kernel, rather than the complete distribution function, which includes the normalizing constants. see also: minimum message length.
Appropriate, английский
Подходящий; соответствующий
Subjective, английский
A свойственный подле- жащему case
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Educational access channel, английский
A cable television channel specifically designated for use by local education authorities.
Earth station, английский
- The location antenna used to send or receive signals to satellites normally located in the geostationary orbit. a parabolic antenna and associated electronics for receiving or transmitting satellite signals.
- Наземная станция (спутниковой связи)
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