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Social system
| Глоссарий по кибернетике |
In cybernetics, a system involving its observers. such a system is constituted (->constitution) by communication among observers who participate within that system by drawing distinctions and creating relations within it (->analysis, ->second-order cybernetics). this contrasts sharply with the use of the same term in the structural-functional school of sociology, where it denotes a pattern of social acts in pursuit of individual and collective goals and governed by the need of the "social system" to maintain its own structure.
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Social, английский
- A социальный dialect sociocultural a социокультурный context sociolinguistic a социолингвистический situation 1 использование неавтоматических чередований в качестве дополни- тельного, основного или даже единственного показателя грамматиче- ских значений. 2 напр., «gip» вместо «pig». 3 каждая ошибка проявляется только в фонологически возможном для данного языка звуковом контексте. sociolinguistics n социолингвистика; psycho~ психосоциолингвистика
- An app category that facilitates communication or social networking.
- The webpage subheading for the view in messenger that displays the social activity of friends.
Social, шведский
Social (adj), английский
Of or related to social networking.
Social -, английский
Культурно-зрелищный комплекс [центр] 106 ehair
Social accounting, английский
- Социальное счетоводство, см. national accounts; social accounts
- Учет расходов на соблюдение социального и природоохранного законодательства
Social accounts, английский
Социальное счетоводство; национальные счета, см. social accounting; national accounts
Social afstand, датский
Social analytics, английский
Describes the process of measuring, analyzing and interpreting the results of interactions and associations among people, topics and ideas.
Social assets, английский
Объекты социальной сферы
Social authentication, английский
A way to authenticate users by linking them to their social identity.
Social benefit, английский
Пособие по системе социального обеспечения
Social benefits, английский
The total benefits of an economic activity, including the spillover effects to third parties. social benefits are the total of private benefits and any external benefits.
Social bookmarks, английский
Social brethren, английский
Social capital, английский
- «социальный» капитал (основные фонды социального назначения: в публикациях оон часто включают жилой фонд, коммунальные и транспортные предприятия и т. д.)
- A society’s assets in terms of its institutions, literacy levels, attitudes, and civic values.
Social care, английский
There`s no legal definition of social care. however, the national framework for nhs continuing healthcare says that a social care need is focused on providing assistance with: the activities of daily living maintaining independence social interaction, enabling you to play a fuller part in society protecting you in vulnerable situations helping you manage complex relationships (in some circumstances) accessing a care home or other supported accommodation.
Social care decisions, английский
Social care decisions are made by people like social workers, nurses or support workers. these can include decisions like: how you have been assessed for social care a refusal to provide a particular service in your area inappropriate behaviour of staff in social service.
Social center, английский
Area within microsoft social engagement that provides a set of user-based streams (of posts) that allow users to keep track of underlying data sets.
Social channel, английский
An account on a social networking site such as facebook or twitter that you connect to from microsoft dynamics crm.
Social class, английский
Social collaboration, английский
- Social collaboration is the joined-up efforts of multiple stakeholders in pursuit of a common goal
- Social collaboration is the use of social media tools to enable employees to communicate and share information with one another. social collaboration can be used to support a variety of business processes.
- Processes that help multiple people within an organization interact, share information to achieve common goals. globalization and the rise of contingent workforces and telecommuting have given increased importance to social collaboration and social collaboration software.
Cybernetics, английский
- Кибернетика
- N кибернетика cycle n цикл transformational ~ трансформационный цикл cyclop(a)edia
- A term, coined by norman weiner, used to signify the study of control mechanisms in machines and biological organisms. it is derived from the greek word for steersman. its latin equivalent gave rise to such terms as governor and government.
- The term derives from the greek word for steersman. initially, the science of control and communication in the animal and the machine (wiener). before this modern definition, the science of government (ampere). now an interdisciplinary approach to organization, irrespective of a system`s material realization. whereas general systems theory is committed to holism on the one side and to an effort to generalize structural, behavioral and developmental features of living organisms on the other side, cybernetics is committed to an epistemological perspective that views material wholes as analysable without loss, in terms of a set of components plus their organization (->epistemolgy, ->analysis, ->system). organization accounts for how the components of such a system interact with one another, and how this interaction determines and changes its structure. it explains the difference between parts and wholes and is described without reference to their material forms. the disinterest of cybernetics in material implications separates it from all sciences that designate their empirical domain by subject matters such ~s physics, biology, sociology, engineering and general systems theory. its epistemological focus on organization, pattern and communication has generated methodologies, (->methodology) a logic, laws, theories and insights that are unique to cybernetics and have wideranging implications in other fields of inquiry. in cybernetics, theories tend to rest on four basic pillars
Constitution, английский
- The general health and strength of a person she has a strong constitution or a healthy constitution. he has a weak constitution and is often ill.
- Was one of six “super-frigates” authorized for construction by the naval act of 1794 (see warship rating). launched in 1797, and known affectionately as “old ironsides,” she is frequently claimed to be the oldest commissioned warship in the world, but in fact that honor belongs to hms victory who is 32 years older. however, the latter is in dry dock, while constitution is still afloat.
- An act of establishing by pointing to the fundamental components, procedures, laws or forms of organization that a system must necessarily possess for it to be of a certain kind. so, the electoral process which determines the membership and composition of a governing group constitutes that government as a representative one. organizational closure (and several other requirements) constitutes a system as an autopoietic one. "self-definition" is a synonym for "constitution." in politics a "declaration of independence" or a formal "constitution" has this effect. in d`arcy thompson`s principle that "growth creates form, but form limits growth," growth and form constitute each other.
Communication, английский
- Связь; связной
- (кан.) решение экспертизы
- N коммуни- кация; процесс передачи информации; mis~ недопонимание, непонимание | attr. комму- никативный disorder, impairment, strategy cross-cultural (intercultural) ~ межкультурная коммуникация non-verbal ~ невербальная, неречевая комму- никация verbal ~ вербальная, речевая коммуникация
- Передача (распространение) информации процесс информирования населения.
- Corresponding by letter, hail, or signal. (see line of communication and boyaux.)
- Loosely, the transmission of structure across systems differentiated in time and in space, the process by which one mind affects another, interaction mediated by signals, symbols or messages. more formally and in cybernetics, communication is that construct an observer requires when he cannot take a dynamic system apart without loss (->ana~ysis), yet wants to distinguish, understand and say something about that system`s parts, variables or members, or alternatively, when he wants to explain the behavior of anyone of its parts yet cannot accomplish this adequately without reference to other parts of the system. communication ~s what integrates and distinguishes the participation of individuals in such wholes as groups, communities, societies. a more detailed analysis of communication processes reveals that they involve patterns that convey information, are subjected to numerous constraints and are describable in terms of transformations, including encoding, decoding, (->coding), transmission, and distortions due to the characteristics of a channel. historically, communication. was thought of as a binary relation between a sender and a receiver. modern conceptions of communication include complex networks possibly with feedback loops having the effect of memory, coordination, and coorientation and exhibiting dynamic properties not manifest in, and explainable by, reference to the properties of the.communicators involved (->constructivism). communications (plural
Participate, английский
Structural, английский
- Структурный; конструктивный
- Said of a load-bearing member, element, etc., of a building.
- A структурный analysis, class, description, linguistics, metaphor, order, phonologist, phonology, series, signal, system
Functional, английский
- Функциональный
- A функциональный constraint, force, grammar, meaning, notion, оnomatology, perspective, phonologist, phonology, semantics, style, unit functionalism n функционализм functional-lexical a функционально-лексический
Individual, английский
Физическое лицо
Collective, английский
A собирательный | n кол- лектив noun
Cybernetic, английский
Кибернетический
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Social entropy, английский
A measure of the natural decay of the structure or of the disappearance of distinctions within a social system. much of the energy consummed by a social organization is spent to maintain its structure, counteracting social entropy, e.g., through legal institutions, education, the normative consequences of television. anomie is the maximum state of social entropy.
Socialization, английский
A mutually adaptive process (->adaptation) which is realized (->realizatiion) in interaction among members of a social group and results in the elimination of individual behaviors of which the group collectively disapproves. (not to be confused with internalization which effects conformity through symbolic means).
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