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Gestalt
| Глоссарий по кибернетике |
- A configuration, originally limited to visual forms, or a pattern which is seen as a whole unity. the nearest english equivalent to this german word is whole. the concept has given rise to various theories of perception and learning, educational philosophies and schools of thought, e.g., gestalt psychology, general systems theory and holism. goal-oriented
- If you sort a series of events by a common element then you have a gestalt. there is one element that stands out amongst all of the events and separates the element from the background. for example, if you sort a series of events where the common element is the emotion of anger then you have a gestalt. the pattern gives meaning to an otherwise unrelated set of events.
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Configuration, английский
- Конфигурация; компоновка; схема
- Конфигурация; схема; компоновка
- The spatial arrangement of wood particles, chips, flakes, or fibers used in particleboard, fiberboard, etc.
- N конфигурация confixation n конфиксация confix n конфикс confucianism
- The relative positions of celestial bodies, as for instance those of jupiter`s satellites, with respect to the primary at any one time.
- Очертание, конфигурация; форма; расположение ~ of terrain характер местности
- The term configuration is used to refer to the particular values of a subset of attributes in a model, such as a bayesian network or neural network. these are usually being treated in this context as inputs or constraints on the model.
- Administrative options that control the interface and functionality of the service desk and support portal.
- In reference to a single microcomputer, the sum of a system’s internal and external components, including memory, disk drives, keyboard, video, and generally less critical add-on hardware, such as a mouse, modem, or printer. software (the operating system and various device drivers), the user’s choices established through configuration files such as the autoexec.bat and config.sys files on ibm pcs and compatibles, and sometimes hardware (switches and jumpers) are needed to configure the configuration’ to work correctly. although system configuration can be changed
- The arrangement of parts, options, or features to produce a product that meets a specification, such as a customer order.
- The entire interconnected set of hardware, or the way in which a network is laid out—the manner in which elements are connected.
Originally, английский
Первоначально
Equivalent, английский
- Эквивалент; эквивалентный
- Эквивалент (согласно так называемой доктрине эквивалентов, объект, по существу выполняющий ту же функцию тем же способом и обеспечивающий одинаковый эффект, считается эквивалентом)
- Эквивалент (согласно так называемой доктрине эквивалентов, объект, по существу выполняющий ту же
- N эквивалент; ~-lacking безэквивалентный; mono~ моноэквивалент; multi-~ мультиэквивалент | a эквивалентный translation, word absolute ~ абсолютный эквивалент occasional ~ окказиональный эквивалент regular ~ постоянный эквивалент variable ~ переменный эквивалент 1 “thunder”, образованное от “thunor”. 2 крупное литературное произведение эпического жанра; сложная, продолжительная история, включающая рад крупных событий. 3 раздел философии, изучающий основания знания. 4 повтор в конце смежных отрезков текста: “in 1931, ten years ago, japan invaded manchukuo – without warning. in 1935, italy invaded ethiopia – without warning. in 1938, hitler occupied austria – without warning. in 1939, hitler invaded czechoslovakia – without warning. later in 1939, hitler invaded poland – without warning. and now japan has attacked malaya and thailand – and the united states – without warning.” franklin d. roosevelt. 5 добавление этимологически не обусловленных звуков в конце слова.
- Эквивалент || эквивалентный
Perception, английский
- Percepción
- An impression formed in the brain as a result of information about the outside world which is passed back by the senses
- Восприятие
- N когн. восприятие sound ~ восприятие звука speech ~ восприятие речи underlying structure of auditory-visual smth. ~ by smb. механизм восприятия чего-л. кем-л.
- Alternatively, (1) an observer`s awareness or appreciation of objects, processes or situations in his environment mediated through his sensory organs, and (2) an observer`s descriptions, hypotheses or constructs of the world of which he becomes thereby a part.
- The process of acquiring, interpreting, selecting and organizing relevant information from our senses.
Educational, английский
A game category that facilitates player education.
Psychology, английский
- Psicología
- The study of the mind and mental processes
- N психология cognitive ~ когнитивная психология gestalt ~ гештальт-психология linguistic ~ лингвистическая психология psychophonetics n психофонетика psychosemantics n психосемантика psychosociolinguistics n психосоциолингвистика pulmonic a лёгочный
Background, английский
- Фон
- The surface area against which the pattern is contrasted. the surface area of
- The portion of a scene that sits behind the main, foreground subject. the background can be made sharp or unsharp through the use of selective focusing techniques and depth of field manipulation.
- A фоновый; внеязыко- вой knowledge
- Sound or noise that interferes with radio or sonar reception.
- Фон, задний план о ~ for
- A page that you can assign to another page to create multiple layers in a drawing.
- In a graphical user interface such as windows, a pattern or picture in the screen background that can be chosen by the user.
- The area on a card that allows a user to make the card’s image a background when clicked on.
- The area that appears behind the tiles on the start screen.
- The color or image that appears behind the content of a visual element, for example, behind the text that is displayed in a textbox control or on your graphical user interface.
- The image that appears in the conversation window.
- The picture that appears in the photos hub.
- Formations on or signals from a test object that constitute the background to a discontinuity. the higher the level of background noise, the more difficult it is to distinguish a discontinuity. background signals may arise from visual, acoustic, chemical, electrical, or radiation sources that the sensor responds to. see also sensitivity; signal-to-noise ratio.
- Formations on or signals from a test object that constitutes the background to a discontinuity. the higher the level of background noise, the more difficult it is to distinguish a discontinuity. background signals may arise from visual, acoustic, chemical, electrical or radiation sources that the sensor responds to. see also neural acuity; sensitivity; signal-to-noise ratio.
- Formations on, or signals from, a test object that constitute the background to a discontinuity. the higher the level of background noise, the more difficult it is to distinguish a discontinuity. see also background fluorescence; neural acuity; sensitivity; signal-to-noise ratio. glossary b 491
- In magnetic particle testing, the appearance or brightness of the surrounding area acting to reduce the contrast of an indication. (2) nonrelevant signal that tends to interfere with the normal reception or interpretation of the target being sought.
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Genetic information, английский
The information encoded (->encoding) in the genetic material with which all living organisms are endowed. the carrier of this information is a complex structure of dna. it represents an organism`s biological inheritance and controls that organism`s development, reproduction and self-repair. within an organism, genetic information flows from dna to protein and other products, first, by the transcription of portions of the dna into so-called messenger rna and, second, by the assembly of individual amino acids into polypeptides, including proteins. thus the growth of an organism is controlled. the absence of a mechanism that could reverse the direction of this flow from proteins to dna is the basis for the fact that the experiences an organism makes during its life time cannot be inherited by biological means (->culture). changes in the intergenerational communication of genetic information result from mutations (->noise) and are the target of natural selection (->evolution).
Goepel theorem, английский
->incompletenes theorem
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