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Decision science
| Глоссарий по кибернетике |
(a) the study of how decision makers (individuals or groups) chose among a set of alternative courses of actions, and (b) the design of efficient procedures that either aid a 22 decision maker`s effort or that evaluate his courses of action according to chosen criteria or policies so that a decision logically follows from the computations. the decision theories respectively arising or underlying these efforts take into consideration the uncertainty of the situation, the information available about consequences, the risks involved, the costs and benefits of each action and the time, resources and preferences a decision maker has at his disposal for making a decision (->optimizing, ->satisficing).
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Decision, английский
- Решение
- N решение; принятие ре- шения task lexical ~ принятие решения о понимании значения слова
- Решение о to render ~ принимать [выносить] решение
- The willful imposition of a constraint on a set of initially possible alternatives. in the extreme case, the choice of one from a set of initially conceivable but after the decision and by virtue of that decision no longer available courses of action, messages, objects, properies, etc. the power of a decision is measured by the dual logarithm of the logical probability of the remaining to the initial set of possibilities (->information, ->law of requisite variety, ->bit).
- In an activity diagram, a guard condition that indicates different possible transitions from an action state. if one of these transitions leads to another decision, that decision is represented with the traditional diamond shape.
- The conclusion or resolution reached after careful consideration or deliberation, often in the context of a coaching or mentoring relationship.
Decision (in sdl), английский
Decision (to make, английский
Decision algorithm, английский
Алгоритм принятия решения; алгоритм выбора решения
Decision alternative, английский
Альтернатива возможного решения
Decision altitude/decision height, английский
Decision analysis, английский
Анализ выработки решений
Decision area, английский
Decision assessment, английский
Оценка решения
Decision attribute, английский
Decision attributes are the output or target variables in a rough set data analysis. the predictor or classification attributes are called condition attributes, as the decision is conditioned on the values of these attributes. see also: condition attributes, rough set.
Decision box, английский
- Блок принятия решения (блок сети или алгоритма)
- Блок ветвления; блок проверки условия; блок принятия решения
Decision break-point analysis, английский
A type of sensitivity analysis that indicates the value at which a key variable will result in a negative npv for an investment project.
Decision circuit, английский
Decision contents, английский
Решение
Decision controlled adaptation, английский
Адаптация с решающей обратной связью; адаптация с управлением по решению
Decision critical path method, английский
Принятие решения на основе метода критического пути
Decision destroyer, английский
An nlp technique in which you install a resource on the timeline that precedes a negative event, which has the effect of changing the event.
Decision du jury de lever l'accusation, французский
Decision element, английский
Решающий элемент
Decision engine, английский
Software or service able to process a large amount of data and provide reports that help users make more informed decisions.
Decision event, английский
Определяющее событие (точка сетевого графика, в которой принимается руководящее решение)
Alternative, английский
- A альтернативный class, question alternativity n альтернативность
- Вариант (напр, проекта), вариантное решение || вариантный о as an ~ в качестве варианта [вариантного решения]
- One of the music genres that appears under genre classification in windows media player library. based on id3 standard tagging format for mp3 audio files. id3v1 genre id # 20.
Procedures, английский
Standard, detailed steps that prescribe how to perform specific tasks.
Respectively, английский
Underlying, английский
- A исходный, лежащий в основе; глубинный form, structure, word underspecification n грамматическая неправиль- ность; несоответствие грамматическим пра- вилам (ант. licensing)
- What supports the security or instrument that parties agree to exchange in a derivative contract.
Consideration, испанский
The cause, price, or impelling influence which makes a party enter into a contract
Uncertainty, английский
- Неизвестность. неопределенность.
- Неопределенность. недостоверность. сомнительность. ненадежность.
- Неопредел
- Неопределенность. параметр, связанный с результатом измерения, характеризующий дисперсию значений, которые могут быть обоснованно отнесены к аналиту. таким параметром может быть, например, среднеквадратическое откло-нение (или кратное ему) или ширина доверительного интервала. также: оценка, относящаяся к результату проверки, которая характеризует область значений, внутри которой лежит истинное значение.
- The (average) number of binary decisions a decision maker has to make in order to select one out of a set of mutually exclusive alternatives, a measure of an observer`s ignorance or lack of information (->bit). since the categories within which events are observed are always specified by an observer, the notion of uncertainty emphasises the cognitive dimension of information processes, specifically in the form of measures of variety, statistical entropy including noise and equivocation. 78
- Неопределенность. параметр, связанный с результатом измерения, характеризующий дисперсию значений, которые могут быть обоснованно отнесены к аналиту. таким параметром может быть, например, среднеквадратическое отклонение (или кратное ему) или ширина доверительного интервала. также: оценка, относящаяся к результату проверки, которая характеризует область значений, внутри которой лежит истинное значение.
Information, английский
- Knowledge of a particular event or situation, or knowledge communicated or received concerning a particular fact.
- Информация
- Facts about something have you any information about the treatment of sunburn? the police won’t give us any information about how the accident happened. you haven’t given me enough information about when your symptoms started. that’s a very useful piece or bit of information. (note: no plural: some information; a piece of information.)
- N информация | attr. информационный flow, structure source of ~ источник информации 1 ранее использовался в более широком значении как ‘умозаключе- ние’. 2 получение выводных данных в процессе обработки информации и/или языка и само выводное знание, умозаключение; мыслительная операция, в ходе которой человек выходит за пределы данных в тек- сте сведений и получает новую информацию. 3 аффикс, вставляемый внутрь корня слова при словообразовании или словоизменении.
- In admiralty courts, implies a clause introduced into a citation, intimating that in the event of a party cited not appearing, the court will proceed in his absence.
- Информация; данные; сведения
- Координационный комитет ин4юрмации о проектируемых и возводимых объектах строительства
- Literally that which forms within, but more adequately
- Data that has been recorded, classified, organized, related or interpreted so that meaning is apparent.
- Contextualised data providing answer to a certain question decreasing uncertainty.
- Информация, сведения
Consequences, английский
Preferences, английский
- Глобальные параметры
- The button in yammer that directs users to where they can change their account settings.
Optimizing, английский
->optimization theory
Satisficing, английский
By evaluating all possible alternatives, the computation of an optimum strateny (->optimization theory) may not be feasable when the number of alternatives is very large (->combinatorial explosion). e.g., in chess, the number of available plays exceeds computational limits not just for humans (->bremermann`s limit). a decision maker who settles for a less amibitious result and obtains the optimum he can compute under given time or resource constraints is said to sa tisfice. second-order cybernetics
Individual, английский
Физическое лицо
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Creativity:. the ability to see things from an unusual perspective and to produce from that insight a new organization of familar components, something that did not exist before, something original. in as much as creative acts are less probable (->probabi, английский
Degree qe freedom, английский
That measure of variability which merely expresses the number of options available within a variable or space. in a system with n states the degree of freedom is n. in statistics, of the n cells of a table of probabilities only n-1 can be arbitrarily filled, the last being determined by the requirement that probabilities must add to 1 (->probability), hence the degree of freedom is n-1. the measure of uncertainty may be interpreted as a logarithmic measure of the degree of freedom logically or statistically available.
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