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Dna gyrase (topoisomerase ii)
| Глоссарий по микробиологии и вирусологии
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Bacterial topoisomerase that relaxes the supercoiled chromosome to make dna more accessible for the initiation of replication
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Днк-гираза, русский
Топоизомераза ii
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Topoisomerase, английский
Type of enzyme that helps maintain the structure of supercoiled chromosomes, preventing overwinding of dna during certain cellular processes like dna replication
Supercoiled, английский
Extensive wrapping and twisting of a dna molecule, allowing the dna to fit within a small space
Chromosome, английский
- A rodshaped structure in the nucleus of a cell, formed of dna, which carries the genes comment: each human cell has 46 chromosomes, 23 inherited from each parent. the female has one pair of x chromosomes, and the male one pair of xy chromosomes, which are responsible for the sexual difference. sperm from a male have either an x or a y chromosome. if a y chromosome sperm fertilises the female’s ovum the child will be male.
- In genetic algorithms, this is a data structure that holds a sequence of task parameters, often called genes. they are often encoded so as to allow easy mutations and crossovers (i.e., changes in value and transfer between competing solutions). see also: crossover, gene, genetic algorithm, mutations.
- The structures in the nucleus of the cell, consisting of dna bound to histones and other proteins. the genes are made of dna (although most of the dna sequence is not part of any gene). genes are arranged along the chromosomes in a continuous sequence. chromosome protein structure allows for selective activation (genes are transcribed into protein) or silencing (genes are not expressed), and thus for differential expression of the genome in different cell types and expression of genes in appropriate sequences during the development of the organism or under various metabolic conditions.
- Bacteria genomic dna
- Discrete dna structure within a cell that controls cellular activities
Accessible, английский
A place which can be approached by land or sea.
Initiation, английский
- Навыки
- Начало; зарождение; возникновение; инициирование
Replication, английский
- The process in the division of a cell, where the dna makes copies of itself
- Повторение
- Repetitive production of unities (->unity) that occupy different physical spaces but share the same organization. replication implies neither an original unity (->copying) nor that the system replicating these unities bears a resemblance to them (->self-reproduction).
- The process of copying content and/or configuration settings from one location, generally a server node, to another. replication is done to ensure synchronization or fault tolerance.
- Production of exact copies
- Process by which dna is copied
- Method for copying the topography of a surface by making its impression in a plastic or malleable material.
- Repeating a piece of research in order to verify and
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β-lactamases, английский
Bacterially produced enzymes that cleave the β-lactam ring of susceptible β-lactam antimicrobials, rendering them inactive and conferring resistance
F plasmid (fertility factor), английский
Bacterial plasmid in e. coli containing genes encoding the ability to conjugate, including genes encoding the formation of the conjugation pilus
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