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Brethren of the coast
| Морской словарь |
This is said to have been a loose confederation of caribbean buccaneers based on tortuga island during the “golden age.” some such organization may have existed, but the name is probably one of several 19th century fictional inventions such as walking the plank.
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Organization, английский
- Организация
- N организация lexical ~ лексическая организация orientational a ориентационный metaphor
- Европейская организация производства товарного бетона
- Организация ~ of safety обеспечение безопасности (на производстве); меры по технике безопасности ~ of work организация работ
- Has at least three meanings (1) the act of arranging components to form a pattern different from what would occur by chance, by some criterion or better than it was before (->coordination) e.g., conducting a political campaign; (2) a complex complementary conditionality in behavior or in the coexistence of physical or living components (ashby) as in an ecological system or in such social organizations as a family, a university or a government agency being constituted by its members through conventional rules of conduct, legally recognized and interacted with by observers or by other social organizations; (3) the relations, and processes of communication, including coordination and coorientation among the components or variables of a system that (a) determine the dynamics of interaction and transformations it may undergo in a physical space and (b) constitute (->constitution) its unity whether only for an observer (->allopoiesis) or also for itself (->autopoiesis). in this third and largely cybernetic meaning, the properties of the components that realize a system as a concrete physical entity do not enter the description of that system`s organization. it follows that machines, organisms and social forms of vastly different materiality and components may have the same organization. accordingly, a whole system 56 may be explained in terms of the properties of its components and its organization (->analysis). the use to which a particular system may be put or who created it in the first place is not a feature of its organization. a theory of design (including engineering), management and of (concrete) organizational behavior is concerned with (1). a theory of organizations concerns (2) and attempts to provide generalizations about how cells, or organisms interact or how and why people work together and form larger unities (->general systems theory). cybernetics is concerned and has in fact been considered coextensive with an organization theory which concerns (3) and attempts to provide theories of or a logic for how unities and whole systems can arise or be maintained through the forms of communication (and more complex kinds of interactions and interdependencies) among components without reference to their materiality. the theory of modelling is a direct outgrowth of this organization concept. like cybernetics generally, an organization theory is not disturbed by the possibility that some organizations may not be realized by man or by nature but it will be informed by the finding that they cannot exist (ashby).
- A work structure that divides the responsibility for economic resources and processes.
- The top level of a business hierarchy.
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Brevity code, английский
An insecure method which serves to shorten messages but does not conceal their content.
Brendan the navigator, английский
Legend has it that this sixth century irish abbot had a vision of the “land of delight” across the western (atlantic) ocean. his first attempt to find it was unsuccessful, so he and the monks of his crew prayed and fasted for forty days before setting out again. their second voyage is said to have lasted seven years and taken them to many unidentified islands. these may have included the orkneys and shetlands; while places as far south as madeira and the canaries, and as far west as the azores have also been suggested. however, based on prevailing winds and the sailing qualities of an irish curragh as tested by british scholar-adventurer tim severin, their most probable route would have been via the hebrides and faroes to iceland, and possibly on to newfoundland. whatever their ultimate landfall, they claimed to 53 brendan have found a large land mass which they called “the promised land of the saints” at the far side of the western ocean. this was shown (in various locations) on maritime charts for several centuries and, along with viking reports of “vineland,” may have helped convince christopher columbus there was land across the atlantic. some skeptics refused to believe that a fragile oxhide curragh could have survived an open sea crossing, but severin’s expedition proved it possible. others pointed to implausible statements that they claimed proved the story to be mythical. but “crystals that rose to the sky” could well have been icebergs; the “flaming, foulsmelling rocks” with which they were pelted could easily have come from icelandic volcanoes; and their being “raised up on the back of sea monsters” could simply mean that a whale breeched under their little craft. far from being a medieval fantasy, the navigatio santi brendani abatis (voyage of saint brendan the abbot) could be the distorted report of an actual exploration. brendan himself lived well into his nineties, and must be having a busy afterlife as he is considered the patron saint of boatmen, watermen, mariners, sailors, travelers, and whales.
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