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Ministry of defence (mod)
| Морской словарь |
Until world war ii, the british armed services—navy, headed by the first lord of the admiralty; army, led by a secretary of state for war; and air force, under the secretary of state for air—operated independently. during the war, prime minister winston churchill was de facto minister of defence, coordinating the activities of these, still nominally independent forces. in 1946 the three existing service ministers—while retaining their titles and operational control of their respective services—relinquished their cabinet seats, becoming part of a newly-created ministry of defence that is both a policy-making department and britain’s highest-level military command, headed by a secretary of state enjoying cabinet status. in 1964, the mod assumed operational control of all three services, whose individual ministers were replaced by a single minister of state for armed forces, who is not a member of cabinet. in 1971, mod assumed responsibility for procuring military aircraft and guided weapons, formerly a function of the ministry of aviation supply.
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Activities, английский
Виды деятельности (в снс; отрасли производства товаров, реализуемых на рынке, и услуг, оказываемых в товарной форме; государственные учреждения — производители услуг; частные некоммерческие организации — производители услуг; услуги, оказываемые одними домашними хозяйствами другим, например, наем прислуги); сферы деятельности (в см.п)
Independent, английский
- One who logs and sells his output on the open market; not associated with a mill or under company or dealer contract (19).
- Независимый; автономный
- Независимый, автономный
- Независимый, самостоятельный; рантье (лицо, живущее на доходы от капитала)
- Независимый
- A независимый
- A merchant ship under naval control, but sailing alone and unescorted by any warship.
Operational, английский
- Рабочий; боевой; оперативный
- Services, overseas оперативные службы на заморских территориях
- Оперативный
Respective, английский
Department, английский
- Министерство; ведомство; управление; отдел
- A term by which the divisions in the public services are distinguished, as the civil, the commissariat, the military, the naval, the victualling, &c.
- An instance of parature that houses the data, files, and information for one client or organization. clients and organizations can have and operate multiple departments for various purposes and each department has its own segregated support portal by default. departments owned by the same client or organization are capable of sharing certain information; to learn more about sharing information between departments, consult the parature knowledgebase.
Individual, английский
Физическое лицо
Responsibility, английский
- Ответственность. обязанность. обязательство.платежеспособность.
- 1. somebody or something which a person or organisation has a duty to take care of checking the drip is your responsibility. 2. the blame for something bad which has happened she has taken full responsibility for the mix-up. 3. the position of having to explain to somebody why something was done whose responsibility is it to talk to the family?
- Often a wholesome restraint; but the bugbear of an inefficient officer.
- Accountability of an individual for decisions and behavior under his control by virtue of his public role, office, charge or duty and to the public which endowed him with that role, office, charge or duty. responsibility is constitutionally embedded within an autonomous (->autonomy) system, e.g., in the public. rewrite bllles
- An obligation of a party to perform an assigned job and to be held accountable for the outcome of the results.
- The duty to behave with integrity.
- Duty
- Duty a task that is part of an employee’s job description
- The personal choice to take ownership and to commit to take action. it cannot be imposed; it must come from inside. coaching is about building awareness and responsibility in order to grow people and performance. increased responsibility leads to enhanced potential, confidence and self-motivation. it is the basis from which uniqueness, self-belief and ownership can emerge see also emotional intelligence
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Minute guns, английский
Guns fired at 60-second intervals to salute entitled personnel, or to honor the deceased at a military funeral.
Ming maritime decrees, английский
15th century chinese naval technology was state-of-the-art, including the magnetic compass, stern-post rudder, and fore-andaft lugsails (much more efficient for beating upwind than the square-rig and lateen sails used by contemporary europeans and arabs). in 1403, emperor ming zhu di ordered construction of a huge imperial navy, and embarked on an ambitious program of ocean exploration with a fleet of some 350 warships and support vessels, many of them immense—for example, nelson’s victory was 61 meters long with three masts, whereas the ming treasure ship was 145 meters long with nine masts. it was also virtually “unsinkable” due to compartmentalization by watertight bulkheads. it would be centuries before ships of such size and sophistication were built in the west. the official ming history records visits to java, sumatra, vietnam, thailand, cambodia, philippines, ceylon, india, bangladesh, yemen, arabia, somalia, and mogadishu. it also mentions “franca” (believed to be iberia and france) and a people called “hollanders.” if they really did meet europeans, they must have circumnavigated the cape of good hope. in 1434, venetian merchant nicolo da conti claimed to have traveled to australia with a chinese fleet. he also presented chinese maps, now lost, said to show the outline of north america. in 2002 british naval officer and historian gavin menzies claimed to have located the remains of nine large chinese junks wrecked in the caribbean in 1421, but this has been discounted by most naval historians and archeologists. admiral zheng-he may have circumnavigated africa before vasco de gama, sailed around cape horn ahead of magellan, visited america before columbus, and reached australia well in advance of james cook. even if he did not, his voyages were magnificent achievements. however, soon after his death in 1435, xenophobic scholar-officials challenged the value of foreign trade, and advocated cultural isolationism. in 1500, they gained the ear of emperor ming xiao zong, persuading him to order the destruction of zheng’s logs and nautical charts, and make it a capital crime to build or go to sea in any vessel with more than three masts. china’s commanding lead was lost, never to be regained. had it been otherwise the history of the world could have been chinese dominated.
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