|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Autoclass
| Глоссарий по искусственному интеллекту |
Autoclass is machine learning program that performs unsupervised classification (clustering) of multivariate data. it uses a bayesian model to determine the number of clusters automatically and can handle mixtures of discrete and continuous data and missing values. it classifies the data probabilistically, so that an observation be classified into multiple classes. see also: clustering, http://ic-http://www.arc.nasa.gov/ic/projects/bayes-group/autoclass/
|
|
Classification, английский
- Assigning data (i e , cases or observations) cases to one of a fixed number of possible classes (represented by a nominal output variable)
- Классификация; систематизация; засекречивание
- Классификация (упорядоченная группировка явлений и объектов; может утверждаться в качестве стандарта, в том числе национального или международного), см. nomenclature
- The work of putting references or components into order so as to be able to refer to them again and identify them easily the abo classification of blood
- Классификация
- N классификация language typological ~ типологическая классификация classificatory a классификационный matrix classifying a классифицирующий article
- The placement of an item under the correct number in the customs tariff for duty purposes. at times this procedure becomes highly complicated; it is not uncommon for importers to resort to litigation over the correct duty to be assessed by the customs on a given item
- Классификация; категоризация; сортировка
- The process of assigning a set of records from a database (observations in a dataset) into (usually) one of ``small" number of pre-specified disjoint categories. related techniques include regression, which predicts a range of values and clustering, which (typically) allows the categories to form themselves. the classification can be "fuzzy" in several senses of the word. in usual sense, the classification technique can allow a single record to belong to multiple (disjoint) categories with a probability (estimated) of being in each class. the categories can also overlap when they are developed either through a hierarchical model or through an agglomerative technique. finally, the classification can be fuzzy in the sense of using "fuzzy logic" techniques. see also: clustering, fuzzy logic, regression. classification and regression trees (cart) classification and regression trees (cart) is a particular form of decision tree used in data mining and statistics.
- Классификация. для порошков (пыли)—разделение образца на фракции по размеру, форме и плотности частиц с помощью жидкости; основано, например, на различной скорости оседания фракций в жидкости или на разном поведении частиц в потоке жидкости.
- A systematic organization of classes.
- The placement of an incident into a hierarchy of descriptors that indicate what the incident is generally about. for example, an incident could be classified as being related to software, and then to microsoft, and then to word 2003.
- The type of updates that sce downloads from microsoft update during synchronization.
- An offender is classified for a particular security level and housed in an appropriate facility based on assessment of their crime, security risk and prison behavior.
- A code which provides a method for categorizing the invention.
- The code for a specific type of complementary work or variation.
- Классификация, номенклатура
Clustering, английский
- The tendency e.g. of laser-active ions in laser gain media to form clusters in their host medium
- Кластеризация; выделение кластеров; объединение в кластеры; группирование
- Clustering is a technique used in data mining, online analytical processing (olap), and similar activities to group observations. a clustering procedure attempts to identify and extract "similar" groups of observations from a data set. unlike classification procedures, the number and memberships in the groups are not known a priori. the observations are grouped on the same set of attributes as is used to assess their homogeneity. in contrast, classification and regression techniques use one group of variables to obtain homogeneity on a second set. the clustering process can either be agglomerative, where each record starts as its own cluster and is merged with other clusters, or divisive, where all the data starts in a single large cluster and is gradually broken down into smaller, more homogeneous clusters. while the clustering is often of interest in its own right, it can also be used to pick out interesting subgroups for further analysis. the clusters can be disjoint, so that each observation falls in one and only one cluster, hierarchical, where the higher level clusters are further split into sub-clusters recursively, or overlapping, so that an individual data point can have membership into more than one cluster. see also: classification procedures, data mining, knowledge discovery in databases, regression.
- A data mining technique that analyzes data to group records together according to their location within the multidimensional attribute space.
- The grouping of multiple servers in a way that allows them to appear to be a single unit to client computers on a network. clustering is a means of increasing network capacity, providing live backup in case one of the servers fails, and improving data security.
Multivariate, английский
Многомерный
Automatically, английский
Continuous, английский
- Непрерывный
- Непрерывный; длительный; продолжающийся
- A продолженный, дли- тельный, непрерванный form, future, past, present contoid n контоид
- Непрерывный, неразрывный, сплошной, неразрезной (об элементах конструкции)
Observation, английский
- Наблюдение; измерение
- Наблюдение; измерение оцт object задача; цель
- Observación
- The process of watching and examining a person or thing over a period of time she was admitted to hospital for observation.
- N наблюдение
- Наблюдение
- In nautical astronomy, denotes the taking the sun, moon, or stars` altitude with a quadrant or sextant, in order thereby to find the latitude or time; also, the lunar distances.
- [1] general; the act of measuring some magnitude with an instrument, such as the time of an occultation (with a clock); the right ascension of a star (with a transit instrument and clock); the sun’s altitude, or the distance of the moon from a star (with a sextant); the temperature (with a thermometer); etc. [2] nautical; a celestial sighting, taken in order to calculate a time or position. [3] the information so acquired.
Classified, английский
- Секретно
- A general term defining information which must be controlled in the interest of national security. see “confidential,” “secret,” and “top secret.”
|
Assumption based reasoning, английский
Asumption based reasoning is a logic-based extension of dempster-shafer theory, a symbolic evidence theory. it is designed to solve problems consisting of uncertain, incomplete, or inconsistent information. it begins with a set of propositional symbols, some of which are assumptions. when given a hypothesis, it will attempt to find arguments or explanations for the hypothesis. the arguments that are sufficient to explain a hypothesis are the quasi-support for the hypothesis, while those that do not contradict a hypothesis comprise the support for the hypothesis. those that contradict the hypothesis are the doubts. arguments for which the hypothesis is possible are called plausibilities. assumption based reasoning then means determining the sets of supports and doubts. note that this reasoning is done qualitatively. an assumption based system (abs) can also reason quantitatively when probabilities are assigned to the assumptions. in this case, the degrees of support, degrees of doubt, and degrees of plausibility can be computed as in the dempster-shafer theory. a language, abel, has been developed to perform these computations. see also: dempster-shafer theory, http://www2-iiuf.unifr.ch/tcs/abel/reasoning/.
Autoepistemic logic, английский
Autoepistemic logic is a form of nonmonotone logic developed in the 1980s. it extends first-order logic by adding a new operator that stands for "i know" or "i believe" something. this extension allows introspection, so that if the system knows some fact a, it also knows that it knows a and allows the system to revise its beliefs when it receives new information. variants of autoepistemic logic can also include default logic within the autoepistemic logic. see also: default logic, nonmonotone logic.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
