|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Orientations
| Глоссарий по геотермальной энергии |
(a) surfaces perpendicular to the beam solar radiation; (b) surfaces horizontal with or on the ground. full sun is solar irradiance that is approximately , w/m.
|
|
Perpendicular, английский
- Перпендикуляр; перпендикулярный
- A right line falling from or standing upon another vertically, and making the angle of 90° on both sides.
- Перпендикуляр
Horizontal, английский
- Горизонталь; горизонтальный
- Горизонталь; горизонтальный 287
- At right angles to the direction of gravity; on the level; parallel to the horizon; neither vertical nor inclined.
- A direction parallel to the horizon, or what is commonly termed lying flat. one of the greatest inconveniences navigators have to struggle with is the frequent want of a distinct sight of the horizon. to obviate this a horizontal spinning speculum was adopted by mr. lerson, who was lost in the victory man-of-war, in which ship he was sent out to make trial of his instrument. this was afterwards improved by smeaton, and consists of a well-polished metal speculum about 3-1/2 inches in diameter, inclosed within a circular rim of brass, so fitted that the centre of gravity of the whole shall fall near the point on which it spins. this is the end of a steel axis running through the centre of the speculum, above which it finishes in a square for the convenience of fitting a
Irradiance, английский
- The density of the luminous flux which is incident on a surface.
- Интенсивность излучения
- The direct, diffuse, and reflected solar radiation that strikes a surface. usually expressed in kilowatts per square meter. irradiance multiplied by time equals insolation.
- The direct, diffuse, and reflected solar radiation that strikes a surface. usually
- Power of electromagnetic radiant energy incident on or radiated from the surface of a given unit area. compare radiance.
- Radiant power falling upon a known surface area at a given angle. compare radiance. see also radiometer. ishiharatm plates: trade name for a kind of pseudoisochromatic plates, used for color differentiation vision testing.
- Total radiant power, in watts per square meter (w/m2), falling upon a known surface area at a given angle.
- Total radiant power, in watts per square meter (w/m2), falling on a known surface area at a given angle. compare radiance. see also radiometer. irradiance, effective: measure of spectrally weighted radiant power in watts per meter-squared, as determined with a sensor whose responsivity replicates some desired action spectrum. compare irradiance; irradiance, spectral. irradiance, spectral: measure of energy emitted by a radiation source as function of wavelength. units of spectral irradiance are watts per square meter per nanometer (w·m–2·nm–1) and are often plotted versus wavelength. see also spectral power distribution. ishihara plate: trade name for a kind of pseudoisochromatic plate used for color differentiation vision testing.
- Radiant power falling upon a known surface area at a given angle. in nondestructive testing, the unit for irradiance of a uv-a source is microwatt per centimeter squared (?w·cm–2) and maximum irradiance occurs when the source and surface are perpendicular.
- Radiometer. j
Approximately, английский
- Approx.
- Приблизительно
- Приблизительно, около
Approximate, английский
- Приблизительный ар-ps ammonium perchlorate-poly- styrene (propellant) полистирол- перхлоратаммониевое ракетное топливо
- Приблизительный
- Приблизительно
|
Path dependence, английский
Outcomes of a process are conditioned by previous decisions, events and outcomes, rather than only by current actions. choices based on transitory conditions can exert a persistent impact long after those conditions have changed.
Opportunities, английский
In general: conditions that allow for advancement, progress or profi t. in the policy context, circumstances for action with the attribute of a chance character. for example, the anticipation of additional benefi ts that may go along with the deployment of renewable energy (enhanced energy access and energy security, reduced local air pollution) but are not intentionally targeted. see also co-benefi ts and drivers.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
