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Energy star
| Глоссарий терминов по кондиционерам (английский) |
A government program that helps businesses and individuals protect the environment through superior energy efficiency. products earn the energy star rating by meeting strict anti-pollution and energy-efficiency guidelines set by the environmental protecti
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Energy, английский
- The product of power (watts) and duration (seconds). one watt-second = one joule.
- The capacity to do work; the amount of work that a system is capable of doing.
- The force or strength to carry out activities you need to eat certain types of food to give you energy.
- Энергия
- Энергия; запас энергии
- Энергия о ~ per unit of volume удельная энергия (на единицу объёма)
- The capability of doing work; different forms of energy can be converted to other forms, but the total amount of energy remains the same.
- The power to perform chemical, mechanical, electrical or heat related tasks (see food chain). e. flow in ecosystems: the higher the trophic level, the less energy is available to the predator. e. pyramid: energy relationship among various feeding levels involved in a particular food chain; autotrophs (at the base) represent the greatest amount of available energy; herbivores are next; then primary carnivores; secondary carnivores; and so forth; similar pyramids of mass, size, and number also occur in natural communities (see biomass).
- Power consumed multiplied by the duration of use. for example, 500 watts used for four hours is 2000 watt-hours. also commonly expressed as kilowatt-hours, where one kilowatt-hour is 1000 watt-hours.
- The equivalent of, or the capacity to perform, mechanical work, the difference between two states of thermodynamic entropy before and after work has been performed. energy is measured either as the product of force and distance (e.g., in lifting a weight a certain height) or as the product of power and time (e.g., in getting an object to move with a certain speed). energy may be stored in a material structure as in a water resevoire or a barrel of oil or in a kinetic form as in the momentum of a wheel or of a bullet in motion. electrical energy is measured in kilowatt/hours (kw/h), heat energy in calories or in british thermal units (btu), mechanical energy in horsepowers, light in joules, explosives in tons of tnt, etc. different forms of energy are inter-convertable due to the first law of thermodynamics which makes energy the most important construct of physics. all physical processes including computation and communication are known to require energy (->thermodynamics).
- The ability (capacity) to do work. energy is measured in joules (j), calories or british thermal units (btu).
- The capability of doing work; different forms of energy can be converted into other
- The amount of work or heat delivered. energy is classifi ed in a variety of types and becomes available to human ends when it fl ows from one place to another or is converted from one type into another. daily, the sun supplies large fl ows of radiation energy. part of that energy is used directly, while part undergoes several conversions creating water evaporation, winds, etc. some share is stored in biomass or rivers that can be harvested. some share is directly usable such as daylight, ventilation or ambient heat. primary energy (also referred to as energy sources) is the energy embodied in natural resources (e.g., coal, crude oil, natural gas, uranium, and renewable sources). it is defi ned in several alternative ways. the international energy agency utilizes the physical energy content method, which defi nes primary energy as energy that has not undergone any anthropogenic conversion. the method used in this report is the direct equivalent method (see annex ii), which counts one unit of secondary energy provided from non-combustible sources as one unit of primary energy, but treats combustion energy as the energy potential contained in fuels prior to treatment or combustion. primary energy is transformed into secondary energy by cleaning (natural gas), refi ning (crude oil to oil products) or by conversion into electricity or heat. when the secondary energy is delivered at the end-use facilities it is called fi nal energy (e.g., electricity at the wall outlet), where it becomes usable energy in supplying services (e.g., light). embodied energy is the energy used to produce a material substance (such as processed metals or building materials), taking into account energy used at the manufacturing facility (zero order), energy used in producing the materials that are used in the manufacturing facility (fi rst order), and so on. renewable energy (re) is any form of energy from solar, geophysical or biological sources that is replenished by natural processes at a rate that equals or exceeds its rate of use. renewable energy is obtained from the continuing or repetitive fl ows of energy occurring in the natural environment and includes low-carbon technologies such as solar energy, hydropower, wind, tide and waves and ocean thermal energy, as well as renewable fuels such as biomass. for a more detailed description see specifi c renewable energy types in this glossary, for example, biomass, solar, hydropower, ocean, geothermal and wind.
Energy (grade) -, английский
Напорная линия, линия энергии
Energy (q), английский
The capacity for doing work. energy is commonly used to express the output from pulsed lasers and it is generally measured in joules (j). the product of power (watts) and duration (seconds). one watt-second = one joule.
Energy -, английский
Потребность в энергии; энергоёмкость технологического процесса
Energy absorber, английский
Device for absorbing energy. the term is mainly used for a device that absorbs the energy of impact, as for example an energy absorbing steering column.
Energy absorbing steering column, английский
A steering column designed to progressively collapse on impact of the driver
Energy absorption, английский
- Работа разрушения (образца шарпи с v-образным надрезом)
- The energy required to break or elongate a fiber to a certain point. energy-to-break: the total energy required to rupture a yarn or cord.
Energy access, английский
People are provided the ability to benefi t from affordable, clean and reliable energy services for basic human needs (cooking and heating, lighting, communication, mobility) and productive uses.
Energy audit, английский
- A survey that shows how much energy used in a home, which helps find ways to use less energy.
- Систематический контроль за расходованием энергии
- A survey that shows how much energy used in a home and helps identify
Energy balance, английский
- Энергетический [топливно-энергетический] баланс, энергобаланс, тэб. структура производства или потребления энергии, представленная в долях, приходящихся на каждый производимый или потребляемый энергоноситель
- Топливно-энергетический баланс см. также energy budget
Energy band, английский
Energy beam, английский
Energy budget, английский
Energy carrier, английский
- Энергоноситель (преобразованный вид энергии, напр., электроэнергия, нефтепродукты)
- A substance for delivering mechanical work or transfer of heat. examples of energy carriers include: solid, liquid or gaseous fuels (e.g., biomass, coal, oil, natural gas, hydrogen); pressurized/heated/ cooled fl uids (air, water, steam); and electric current.
Energy cascading, английский
Утилизация энергии (путем утилизации отходов тепла и др. видов энергии одной энергоустановки в следующей энергоустановке)
Energy charge, английский
The portion of a utility bill that reflects electric energy consumed or billed.
Energy charter treaty (ect), английский
Договор к энергетической хартии (дэх) подписан в 1994 г
Energy chips, английский
Whole-tree chips used for energy (4).
Energy conservation, английский
- Using less energy, either by greater energy efficiency or by decreasing the types of applications requiring electricity or natural gas to operate.
- Using less energy (kwh) irrespective of whether the benefits increase, decrease or stay the same. energy conservation is thus the goal if environmental targets are to be met.
- Activities associated with reductions in energy consumption, including investments in energy efficient appliances and equipment.
- Энергосбережение
Energy consumption, английский
Потребление энергии. суммарное потребление всех видов энергии; обычно выражается в тоннах условного топлива, нефтяного или угольного эквивалента, джоулях
Energy consumption by function served, английский
Энергопотребление по направлениям использования (напр., для производства тепла низкого потенциала, на нужды транспорта и т.п.)
Government, английский
- N управление ~ and binding (theory) управление и связыва- ние (концепция )
- Generally means the constitution of our country as exercised under the legislature of king or queen, lords, and commons.
- The acts, rules, procedures, instruments of power and institutions by which the citizens of a country (or more generally the parts of a system) communicate with (->communication) and exert control upon each other so that the country as a whole maintains its unity and is directed toward ends chosen from within that country (->self-organization, ->autonomy). its opposite is laissez faire. in the reality of politics, government is rarely uniformly distributed and constituted (->constitution) instead in a ruling elite, exercising institutional control over those governed. this unequal distribution of government is particularly prevalent in technical realisations. e.g., the governor of a steam engine, computer control of a production process. in biology, such control hierachies (->hierarchy) rarely exist which suggest that they may be an outgrowth of rational constuctions not a fact of nature. qeafh
- An app category that facilitates engagement with government or politics.
Environment, английский
- Surrounding in which operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora, fauna, humans and their interaction.
- Окружающая среда. совокупность всех материальных тел, сил и явлений природы, ее вещество и пространство, любая деятельность человека, находящегося в непосредственном контакте с живыми организмами; совокупность абиотической, биотической и социальной сред,
- Окружающие условия [среда]; внешние факторы или воздействия; условия эксплуатации ` (лл)
- The conditions and influences under which an organism lives
- N 1 лнгв. окружение; 2 псхл. окружающая обстановка5 consonantal ~ консонантное окружение epanalepsis n эпаналепсис, удвоение6 epenthesis n 1 эпентеза, вставка звуков1; 2 добавление гласного звука для того, чтобы 3 английский как язык международного общения. 4 несовпадение стиховых и фразовых границ. 5 внешний контекст, в котором происходит наше поведение. 6 фигура речи, состоящая в повторе слова, словосочетания или пред- ложения. epenthetic 41 evaluation разбить труднопроизносимую группу (кла- стер) согласных
- Окружающая среда
- Окружающая среда; при- родно-ландшафтная среда
- The place in which an organism lives, and the circumstances under which it lives. environment includes measures like moisture and temperature, as much as it refers to the actual physical place where an organism is found.
- The combination of all the external conditions and the potential effect of the inner environment (heteromosaic of abiotic conditions). e. change: survival depends on the life span of the organisms involved, and has to adapt to a new situation via genetic change, evolution, etc. • cyclic change: rhythmically repetitive, like cycles of a season, day / night, movement of tides etc. • directional change: change is maintained over a long period in relation to the life span of organisms - erosion, siltation, cycles of glaciation, etc. • erratic change: these have no rhythm and no consistent direction e.g., hurricanes, cyclones, flash storms, fires, vulcanos, earthquake, etc.
- Окружающая среда. существующая в данный момент совокупность всех внешних условий и воздействий, которым подвержена данная система (или организм) (мос, 14). `36
- (1) the system of surrounding things, conditions or influences, especially affecting the existence or development of someone, something or another system (->habitat), (2) the art of environing, (3) the state of being environed.
- A global context in which to access data.
- A set of roles that are required to run a specific application and the machines to be used for each role.
- One of two deployment destinations within a microsoft azure cloud service: staging or production.
- The totality of surrounding conditions and circumstances affecting growth or development. often the term is applied to the natural features of a geographic area: water, air, and land — including ecological relationships.
- The sum of the physical, chemical, and biological factors that surround an organism.
Efficiency, английский
- A rating on comfort equipment, similar to the miles per gallon rating on your car. the higher the rating, the more efficient the system and the lower your fuel consumption will be.
- A comfort-equipment and fuel-efficiency rating similar to the miles-per-gallon rating for automobiles
- A general term used to describe how effectively a heat pump, air conditioning system, or furnace converts incoming energy to outgoing energy. the higher the number, the more efficient the unit, and the lower the operating costs.
- A measure of a product`s ability to utilize input energy; expressed as a percentage.
- Эффективность; кпд
- Эффективность (производства); производительность (труда), см. yield, utility, productivity
- Эффективность
- Эффективность; полезный эффект результативность в зависимости от затраченных ресурсов (времени, финансов и др.).
- Эффективность (улавливания частиц). применительно к фильтрам, пылеуловителям и брызговым скрубберам — отношение количества частиц, задерживаемых данным устройством, к поступающему в него количеству (обычно выражается в процентах) (предварительный стандарт мос, 8).
- In a loudspeaker, the ratio of acoustic power output to electrical power input.
- The degree and speed with which a market accurately incorporates information into prices.
- An economic goal of receiving the most satisfaction from a given amount of resources; it occurs when satisfaction cannot be increased through increased production of one good and less of another. see allocativeefficiency and productiveefficiency.
- Однокомнатная квартира с плитой и раковиной в жилой комнате
- The ratio of the useful energy output to energy input of a machine or other energy-converting plant.
Guidelines, английский
- Рекомендации, указания
- Руководство; методология; (методические) рекомендации
Environmental, английский
Окружающий, внешний (о среде, воздействии); связанный с окружающими условиями [средой]
Individual, английский
Физическое лицо
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Matched system, английский
- A heating and cooling system comprised of products that have been certified to perform at promised comfort and efficiency levels when used together, and used according to design and engineering specifications.
- A heating and cooling system consisting of products certified to perform at promised comfort and efficiency levels when used together in accordance with design
Freon, английский
- A general term used to identify, any of a group of partially or completely halogenated simple hydrocarbons containing fluorine, chlorine or bromine, which are used as refrigerants. r-22 is the most well-known and used of these refrigerants; it will be pha
- A general term used to identify, any of a group of partially or completely halogenated simple hydrocarbons containing fluorine, chlorine or bromine, which are used as refrigerants. r-22 is the most well known and used of these refrigerants; it will be pha
- Refers to hydrocarbons containing fluorine, chlorine, or bromine, which are used as refrigerants
- Фреон, хладон
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