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Discrete variable
| Glossary of Statistical Terms |
- A quantitative variable whose set of possible values is countable. typical examples of discrete variables are variables whose possible values are a subset of the integers, such as social security numbers, the number of people in a family, ages rounded to the nearest year, etc. discrete variables are "chunky." c.f. continuous variable. a discrete random variable is one whose set of possible values is countable. a random variable is discrete if and only if its cumulative probability distribution function is a stair-step function; i.e., if it is piecewise constant and only increases by jumps.
- Variable like 1, 2, 3. bond ratings are examples of discrete classifications.
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Discrete, английский
Дискретный
Discrete address beacon system, английский
Система вторичной радиолокации с индивидуальной адресацией запросов
Discrete ancillary element, английский
Discrete ancillary element:, английский
Any non-structural component that is concentrated within a few panels, such as dish reflectors, aerials, lighting, platforms, handrails, insulators and other items
Discrete and continuous systems, английский
Дискретные и аналоговые системы
Discrete approximation, английский
Дискретная аппроксимация; дискретное приближение
Discrete channel, английский
- A system in which only the intended participants in a radio conversation can take part in the conversation.
- Дискретный канал
Discrete component, английский
Дискретный компонент; дискретный элемент
Discrete component card, английский
Плата с дискретными элементами
Discrete compounding, английский
Compounding the time value of money for separate time intervals.
Discrete cosine transform, английский
Дискретное косинусное преобразование; дискретное косинусоидальное преобразование
Discrete cosine transform (dct), английский
Дискретное косинусное преобразование. математический алгоритм, используемый для генерации частотного представления блока видеопикселей. обратимое дискретное ортогональное преобразование между пространственной и временной областями. есть прямое дискретное косинусное преобразование (forward discrete cosine transform, fdct) и обратное дискретное косинусное преобразование (inverse discrete cosine transform, idct).
Discrete cost work order, английский
A category of ellipse work order used to record costs associated with complementary works and variations.
Discrete data, английский
Дискретные данные
Discrete dictation, английский
Диктовка по словам
Discrete distribution, английский
- A probability distribution of some statistic, based upon an algebraic formula or upon re-randomisation or upon actual data, in which the cumulative probability increases in non-infinitesmal steps corresponding to non-infinitesmal weight associated with po
- Дискретное распределение
Discrete dynamics, английский
Дискретная динамика
Discrete event, английский
Дискретная ось синфазности
Discrete fourier transform, английский
Discrete information, английский
Дискретная информация
Discrete interpolation, английский
One of three methods used to describe how an animation transitions between values over its duration. this method produces a jump from one value to the next, without generating in-between values.
Quantitative, английский
- A квантитативный
- Количественный
Continuous, английский
- Непрерывный
- Непрерывный; длительный; продолжающийся
- A продолженный, дли- тельный, непрерванный form, future, past, present contoid n контоид
- Непрерывный, неразрывный, сплошной, неразрезной (об элементах конструкции)
Cumulative, английский
Нарастающим итогом
Probability, английский
- Probability can be generally defined as a measure of how likely some event will occur. the event could be an explosion, a lottery win or perhaps cancer induction. mathematically speaking, the value of probability varies between 0 and 1 where 0 means an ev
- Вероятность. возможность.
- The probability of an event is a number between zero and 100%. the meaning (interpretation) of probability is the subject of theories of probability, which differ in their interpretations. however, any rule for assigning probabilities to events has to satisfy the axioms of probability.
- Вероятность
- Вероятность probability sample, syn. random sample
- Вероятность. мера случайности появления конкретного события. например, вероятность случайного выбора из популяции человека с конкретным качеством соответствует доле людей в популяции, обладающих этим качеством.
- Вероятность; возможность
- Вероятность; обеспеченность (гидрологической величины) ~ of no-failure вероятность безотказной работы
- Probability is a method for representing uncertainty about propositions or events. it represents the uncertainty about a proposition on a scale from 0 to 1, with a 0 representing complete certainty that the proposition is false or an event will not occur and a value of one will represent the opposite. formally, a probability measure is one that follows kolmogorov`s axioms. there are two main schools of thought on the meaning of probability. frequentists take a narrow interpretation of probability allowing only hypothetically repeatable events or experiments as being quantifiable by probability, while bayesians take a broader interpretation that allows reasoning about "one-shot" events and propositions based on the current knowledge about nature. the bayesian interpretation is most commonly used in artificial intelligence, while the frequentist interpretation is most commonly taught in statistics courses. the label "bayesian" arises from the central role that the bayes theorem plays in this use of probability. it allows one to reason from effects to causes and encourages the use of probability measures to describe supposedly fixed events or propositions which frequentists disallow. the probability for these events reflects one`s state of knowledge about the event, rather than being an assertion that the unknown event can vary. for example, a bayesian would have no qualms about making statements about the probability that a given die, rolled and hidden from his sight is, for example, a six. a frequentist would be unable to make such a statement, preferring to talk about his confidence in the method when applied to a hypothetically large number of repeated experiments. in the end, they would act in similar ways. when the long run data are available, bayesians and frequentists end up with the same estimates. see also: bayes theorem, kolmogorov`s axioms.
- Вероятность. математическое измерение возможности появления неко-его события, выраженное в виде дроби или процента [30]. значения статистической вероятности лежат в пределах от 1 или 100 процентов (всегда) до 0 или 0 процентов (никогда) [20]. наибольшее приближение к истинной вероятности дает относитель-ная частота события, полученная на основе большой серии измерений или результа-тов [33]. вероятность может быть также определена как выражение в некоторой неопределимой форме "степени уверенности" или как предельная частота события в бесконечной случайной последовательности [49].
- The likelihood of something happening. for example, sale being made.
- Вероятность. математическое измерение возможности появления некоего события, выраженное в виде дроби или процента [30]. значения статистической вероятности лежат в пределах от 1 или 100 процентов (всегда) до 0 или 0 процентов (никогда) [20]. наибольшее приближение к истинной вероятности дает относительная частота события, полученная на основе большой серии измерений или результатов [33]. вероятность может быть также определена как выражение в некоторой неопределимой форме "степени уверенности" или как предельная частота события в бесконечной случайной последовательности [49].
- The relative likelihood of a particular outcome among all possible outcomes.
- Likelihood that an event may occur, expressed as a number between 0 and 1.
Distribution, английский
- Распределение. размещение.
- Распределение - рыночный процесс, при котором крупные рыночные трейдеры в основном продают бумаги мелким трейдерам;
- The distribution of a set of numerical data is how their values are distributed over the real numbers. it is completely characterized by the empirical distribution function. similarly, the probability distribution of a random variable is completely characterized by its probability distribution function. sometimes the word "distribution" is used as a synonym for the empirical distribution function or the probability distribution function. if two or more random variables are defined for the same experiment, they have a joint probability distribution.
- Refers to the spread and shape of a frequency curve of some variable. a histogram is one way to graphically display the distribution of test results by showing the frequency of observations on the y-axis versus the magnitude on the x-axis. the normal or gaussian curve is one form of a distribution.
- Распределение
- Торговля; сфера обращения; распределение
- A way to limit where your usenet postings go. handy for such things as for sale messages or discussions of regional politics.
- The movement of freshly mixed concrete toward the point of placement, either by motorized tools or by hand. distribution-bar reinforcement, distribution
- N дистрибуция complementary ~ дополнительная дистрибу- ция, отношение дополнительности5 contrastive ~ контрастная, контрастирущая дистрибуция non-contrastive ~ неконтрастная, неконтра- стирущая дистрибуция distribution(al)
- Распределение dna (deoxyribonucleic acid)
- Распределение. 1. распределение данных. данные могут иметь определенную форму (вид) распределения, которая зависит от их характеристик. например, рост имеет нормальное распределение (см. normal distribution), а результаты метания игральных костей следуют равномерному (случайному) распределению. 2. распределение (распространение) вещества и его метаболитов в организме после применения препарата. обычно описывается с помощью объема распределения (см. volume of distribution) и свободной фракции.
- Diamond pattern
- A payout of cash or property from a corporation to a shareholder.
- Распределение; размещение; распространение; разводка (труб) ~ of bending stresses over the cross
- Распределение. ранжирование значений переменной от наименьшего до наибольшего и результирующая совокупность характеристик или показателей, выстроенных в виде графика [20]. плотность распределения, например, показывает возможные значения параметра в зависимости от числа появлений каждого значения в выборке или совокупности. во многих случаях это характеризует разброс единич-ных значений выборки или совокупности вокруг среднего значения.
- The delivery of electricity to the retail customer’s home or business through low voltage distribution lines.
- The spatial range of a species, usually on a geographic but sometimes on a smaller scale, or the arrangement or spatial pattern of a species over its habitat. • food resources will lead to this distribution. d. over space: • altitude: species diversity less abundant in higher than lower altitudes. • latitude: ecosystems are more complex in equatorial regions than in higher latitudes (poles) • scale: the greater the sample the better interpretability. • spatial: • aggregated or clump d.: individuals form one or more clumps, attracted to areas with the greatest availability of food or shelter and avoiding less hospitable terrain. • random d.: individual spacing would be determined by chance. • regular or uniform spacing d.: individuals may also be drawn together by some social interaction, such as mating or parental care. in other cases, antagonistic interactions between individuals or scarce d. over time: • habitat: (see there). • succession (see there).
- The transport of low voltage electricity. this connects the transmission network with the majority of electricity consumers. the process is overseen by a distribution network operator. management of distribution is a natural monopoly due to the economies of scale inherent to it. reeep / sustainable energy regulation network – august 2004 - revised september 2010 4
- The set of values of a variable together with the probabilities (->probability) associated with each. a tabulation of the frequencies of tokens by types.
- The process of managing the flow of goods and services from the producer to the customer.
- Распределение. ранжирование значений переменной от наименьшего до наибольшего и результирующая совокупность характеристик или показателей, выстроенных в виде графика [20]. плотность распределения, например, показывает возможные значения параметра в зависимости от числа появлений каждого значения в выборке или совокупности. во многих случаях это характеризует разброс единичных значений выборки или совокупности вокруг среднего значения.
- The act or process of delivering electric energy from convenient points on the transmission system (usually a substation) to consumers.
- Выплата дивидендов
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Quota sample, английский
A quota sample is a sample picked to match the population with respect to some summary characteristics. it is not a random sample. for example, in an opinion poll, one might select a sample so that the proportions of various ethnicities in the sample match the proportions of ethnicities in the overall population from which the sample is drawn. matching on summary statistics does not guarantee that the sample comes close to matching the population with respect to the quantity of interest. as a result, quota samples are typically biased, and the size of the bias is generally impossible to determine unless the result can be compared with a known result for the whole population or for a random sample. moreover, with a quota sample, it is impossible to quantify how representative of the population a quota sample is likely to be—quota sampling does not allow one to quantify the likely size of sampling error. quota samples are to be avoided, and results based on quota samples are to be viewed with suspicion. see also convenience sample.
Continuous variable, английский
- A quantitative variable is continuous if its set of possible values is uncountable. examples include temperature, exact height, exact age (including parts of a second). in practice, one can never measure a continuous variable to infinite precision, so continuous variables are sometimes approximated by discrete variables. a random variable x is also called continuous if its set of possible values is uncountable, and the chance that it takes any particular value is zero (in symbols, if p(x = x) = 0 for every real number x). a random variable is continuous if and only if its cumulative probability distribution function is a continuous function (a function with no jumps).
- A random variable that can take on any value (possibly within a given range).
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