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Quota sample
| Glossary of Statistical Terms |
A quota sample is a sample picked to match the population with respect to some summary characteristics. it is not a random sample. for example, in an opinion poll, one might select a sample so that the proportions of various ethnicities in the sample match the proportions of ethnicities in the overall population from which the sample is drawn. matching on summary statistics does not guarantee that the sample comes close to matching the population with respect to the quantity of interest. as a result, quota samples are typically biased, and the size of the bias is generally impossible to determine unless the result can be compared with a known result for the whole population or for a random sample. moreover, with a quota sample, it is impossible to quantify how representative of the population a quota sample is likely to be—quota sampling does not allow one to quantify the likely size of sampling error. quota samples are to be avoided, and results based on quota samples are to be viewed with suspicion. see also convenience sample.
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Quota, английский
- Quota is the amount of catch that can be legally landed in a time period. it could refer to a fishery as a whole (total allowable catch) or to an amount allocated to an individual or company. see also individual transferable quota.
- Квота. определяемые государством лимиты (иногда в стоимостном выражении) импорта/экспорта какого-либо вида продукции в определенный период
- Квота, контингент ограничение импорта или экспорта какого-либо товара установлением максимального количества или стоимости этого товара, разрешенного к ввозу или вывозу
- Доля; часть; квота
- Доля, часть, квота
- A portion of a total allowable catch that is allocated to a particular boat, fishery, region, or nation for a fishing season.
- See import quota
- Квота
Quota, латинский
Quota azionaria, итальянский
Quota di partecipazione in una spa, un fondo comune, ecc. la share elementare e la singola azione la quale costituisce l`unita, non divisibile ulteriormente, in cui e ripartito il capitale sociale o il patrimonio del fondo.
Quota by country, английский
Индивидуальная квота ограничивает не только объем или стоимость ввозимого/вывозимого товара, но и количественно определяет торговлю с конкретной страной/ группой стран
Quota di mercato, итальянский
E la frazione sul totale del fatturato di un certo prodotto o settore economico relativo a una specifica impresa, e rappresenta la misura di come la suddetta impresa sia riuscita a controllare il mercato di riferimento.
Quota limit, английский
The amount of disk space available to a user.
Quota management system (qms), английский
A system that limits the amount of fish that can be taken by commercial fishers. the qms sets a quota that can be taken by each commercial fisher.
Quota mechanism, английский
More generally known as a renewable portfolio standard or as an obligation mechanism.
Quota message, английский
An e-mail message that is automatically sent by microsoft exchange to the owners of a mailbox or a public folder when a size limit, which is called a storage quota, for the mailbox or public folder has been exceeded or is at risk of being exceeded.
Quota point, английский
The unit by which the virtual machine quota for a self-service user or group is calculated. each new virtual machine can add zero or more quota points toward virtual machine quotas. the virtual machine template that is used to create the virtual machine determines how many quota points the virtual machine adds. quota points only apply to the quota while a virtual machine is deployed.
Quota qualificante, итальянский
E la frazione del capitale sociale rappresentato da azioni che consente al possessore di richiedere la carica di direttore della societa.
Quota sample., английский
A quota sample is a sample picked to match the population with respect to some summary characteristics. it is not a random sample. for example, in an opinion poll, one might select a sample so that the proportions of various ethnicities in the sample matc
Quota sampling, английский
Quota share reinsurance, английский
Quota shares, английский
A shore of the total allowable catch allocated to an operating unit such as a vessel, a company, or an individual fisherman (individual quota) depending on the system of allocation. quotas may or may not be transferable, inheritable, and tradable. while generally used to allocate total allowable catch, quotas can also be used to allocate fishing effort or biomass.
Quota system, английский
- This british naval recruitment scheme, introduced in 1795, required local authorities to provide a fixed number of (supposedly) prime seamen, for which they received a bounty of between ?20 and ?60 a head, much of which they “earned” by rounding up vagabonds and emptying the jails of felons. such untrained men (known as “scrovies”) could holystone decks, haul ropes, and manhandle guns, but were useless for handling sails and working the ship. see also impressment.
- Система квотирования
Quota template, английский
A template that defines a space limit on the physical drive, the type of quota (hard or soft), and a set of notifications to be generated when the quota limit is being approached.
Quota usage, английский
A storage report that lists the quotas that exceed a certain disk space usage level. use this report to quickly identify quotas that may soon be exceeded so that you can take the appropriate action.
Quota, standard consumption, английский
Quotable, английский
Котирующийся (на бирже)
Population, английский
- A definable set of individual units to which the findings from statistical examination of a sample subset are intended to be applied. the population will generally much outnumber the sample. in re-randomisation statistics the process of applying inference
- See stock.
- A collection of units being studied. units can be people, places, objects, epochs, drugs, procedures, or many other things. much of statistics is concerned with estimating numerical properties (parameters) of an entire population from a random sample of units from the population.
- A group or number of people living within a specified area or sharing similar characteristics (such as occupation or age).
- Население; народонаселение; генеральная совокупность (в выборочном наблюдении); популяция (биол)
- Население
- 1. the number of people living in a country or town population statistics show that the birth rate is slowing down. the government has decided to screen the whole population of the area. 2. the number of patients in hospital the hospital population in the area has fallen below 10,000.
- Популяция
- Население; популяция -
- Популяция. в клинических исследованиях совокупность субъектов, обладающих какими-либо одинаковыми признаками (пол, возраст, диагноз).
- Население; популяция
- Any group of individuals, usually of a single species, occupying a given area at the same time; groups of organisms with homologue (same) alleles. p. cycle: changes in the numbers of individuals in a population which repeatedly oscillate between periods of high and low density. p. density: allowing a mathematically precise reflection - pd. • absolute: pd = number of individuals/unit area or volume [1/m2] or [1/m3] • relative: pd allows only a simple comparison (pd <, =, >, ? etc.). p. dynamics: the variations in time and space in the sizes and densities of populations; distribution due to changing food resources - the stability of a population depends upon abiotic factors, intraspecific competition (density dependent), natality, mortality etc. p. ecology: the study of the variations in time and space in the sizes and densities of populations, and of the factors causing those variations. p. fluctuation: variations over time in the size of a population. p. growth: is zero, when the birth rate equals the death rate (see carrying capacity). nt+1 = nt + r nt, current number of individuals r = (natality + immigration) - (mortality+emigration) r, intrinsic rate of growth (see density) p. pyramid: a means of illustrating the age structure of a population diagrammatically, by placing the youngest age class at the base and stacking successive age classes above it. p. regulation : a tendency in a population for some factor to cause density to increase when it is low and to decrease nt, momentary number of individuals when it is high. n0, number of individuals at start
- Generally, a collection of individuals with common characteristics. in statistics, a potentially infinite collection of independent (->independence) units that include all units of a specified type with attention paid only to the agggregate (->aggregation) property of the collection. a sample of data drawn from this population is a subset of the units constituting this population and scientific generalizations from such samples are limited by the size of the population originally specified (->model, ->representation).
- The process of scanning content to compile and maintain an index.
- Fish of the same species inhabiting a specified geographic area.
Characteristics, английский
- The distinguishing qualities of a navigation aid or buoy, including shape and color, whether fixed or flashing, and flashing sequence.
- A high-performance fiber with high chemical resistance that does not burn in air. it has no melting point and does not drip when exposed to flame. the fiber and fabrics from pbi retain their flexibility, dimensional stability, and significant strength without embrittlement even when exposed to flame or extreme heat. the fiber emits little smoke in extreme conditions. it processes well on conventional textile equipment, having processing characteristics similar to polyester. it can be used in 100% form or blended with other fibers. it has a high moisture regain and low modulus with comfort properties similar to cotton. the natural color of pbi is a gold-khaki shade, but it can be dyed to almost any medium to dark shade with conventional basic dyes.
- Acetate fabrics are in appearance fast-drying, wrinkle and shrinkage resistant, crisp or soft in hand depending upon the end use.
- Although modacrylics are similar to acrylics in properties and application, certain important differences exist. modacrylics have superior resistance to chemicals and combustion, but they are more heat sensitive (lower safe ironing temperature) and have a higher specific gravity (less cover).
- Although the properties of the nylons described above vary in some respects, they all exhibit excellent strength, flexibility, toughness, elasticity, abrasion resistance, washability, ease of drying, and resistance to attack by insects and microorganisms.
- Because acrylic fibers are thermoplastic, fabrics may be heat-set for wrinkle resistance and to provide permanency to pleats. acrylic fabrics have low moisture absorbency and dry relatively quickly. in general, acrylic fibers are resistant to the degrading effects of ultraviolet rays in sunlight and to a wide range of chemicals and fumes. they provide warmth in fabrics that are lightweight, soft, and resilient. acrylic fibers have relatively poor flame resistance compared with other fibers. some acrylic fabrics, particularly knit types, approximate the hand of fine wool. because of the composition and cross section of the fiber, fabrics made therefrom have a high bulk to weight ratio. this is further enhanced with the so-called “high bulk” spun yarns.
- Glass fiber is incombustible and will tolerate heat up to 1000°f without material damage. potential strength is not realized in woven fabrics or even in yarns, because the fiber is brittle and fracture points may develop, but nevertheless, very high tensile strength is obtained in woven fabrics, and is retained at elevated temperatures. the fiber originally was difficult to color but methods have been developed to accomplish this. moisture absorption is low. electrical and insulation resistance is high.
- Polychlal fibers have a soft, lamb’s wool-like hand and moderate moisture regain. the fibers are also characterized by high flame resistance and high abrasion resistance.
- Polyester fibers have high strength and are resistant to shrinking and stretching. fabrics are quick drying and tend to have wrinkle resistance and crease retention, wet and dry. polyester is used alone and in blends. it has been one of the first fibers to be developed in fabrics with durable-press features.
- Polyethylene fibers have a low specific gravity, extremely low moisture regain, the same tensile strength wet and dry, and are resistant to attack by mildew and insects. these qualities have made polyethylene fiber suitable for industrial applications, geotextiles, outdoor furniture, and similar applications. polyethylene fiber does not dye, and in most cases, it is colored by the addition of pigments and dyes to the material prior to spinning. it has a low melting point, a property that has restricted its use in apparel.
- Polypropylene fibers have a number of advantages over polyethylene fibers in the field of textile applications. the degree of crystallinity, 72 to 75%, results in a fiber that is strong and resilient, and does not fibrillate like high-density polyethylene. polypropylene has a high work of rupture, which indicates a tough fiber, and may be made with tenacities as high as 8.0 to 8.5 grams per denier. the melting point of polypropylene is 165°c, which is low by comparison with nylon or polyester, but is high enough to make it suitable for most textile applications. so light that it actually floats, polypropylene fiber provides greater coverage per pound than any other fiber. it is highly resistant to mechanical abuse and chemical attack.
- Rayon yarns are made in a wide range of types in regard to size, physical characteristics, strength, elongation, luster, handle, suppleness, etc. they may be white or solution dyed. strength is regulated by the process itself and the structure of the yarn. (also see polynosic fiber.) luster is reduced by including delustering materials, such as titanium dioxide pigments, in the fiber when it is extruded. the suppleness of the yarn is controlled by the number of filaments in the yarn, the denier or gauge of the individual filaments or fibers, and the fiber cross-section.
- Spandex is lighter in weight, more durable, and more supple than conventional elastic threads and has between two and three times their restraining power. spandex is extruded in a multiplicity of fine filaments which immediately form a monofilament. it can be repeatedly stretched over 500% without breaking and still recover instantly to its original length. it does not suffer deterioration from oxidation as is the case with fine sizes of rubber thread, and it is not damaged by body oils, perspiration, lotions, or detergents.
Proportions, английский
- Пропорции
- Relative dimensions and angles of a polished diamond and the relationships between them; these include table size, crown angle, crown height, girdle thickness, pavilion angle, pavilion depth, culet size, girdle outline, length-to-width ratio, and total depth.
Statistics, английский
- A branch of mathematics that deals with collecting, reviewing, summarizing, and interpreting data or information. statistics are used to determine whether differences between study groups are meaningful.
- Статистика (термин, употребляемый в различных значениях, в практической и научной областях. во-первых, статистика понимается как отрасль практической деятельности, направленной на собирание, обработку, анализ и публикацию массовых данных об общественных явлениях, синоним термина в этом смысле слова — понятие статистического учета; во- вторых, статистика рассматривается как отрасль знания, т. е. специальная научная дисциплина, — статистическая наука — и соответственно этому как учебная дисциплина в высших и средних специальных учебных заведениях; в-третьих, под статистикой пони ¦ мают совокупность сводных итоговых цифровых показателей, собранных для характеристики какой-либо области обществ, явлений или отдельного вопроса, например, статистика рождаемости в ссср в послевоенные годы)
- Official figures which show facts population statistics show that the birth rate is slowing down.
- Статистика
- N статистика linguistic ~ лингвистическая статистика stative a стативный, статичный, относящийся к состоянию чего-л. verb
- Статистика. классификация и интерпретация данных клинического исследования в соответствии с теорией вероятности и проверка гипотез применительно к таким данным.
Impossible, английский
- A hateful word, generally supplanted among good seamen by “we`ll try.” a thing which is impossible in law, is pronounced to be all one with a thing impossible in nature.
- Admiral smyth calls this “a hateful word, generally supplanted among good seamen by ‘we’ll try.’” see difficulty.
Representative, английский
- Patterns in a sample of units may reasonably be attributed to the population from which the sample is drawn, only if the sample is representative. in practical terms, to ensure that a sample is representative almost always means ensuring that it is a rand
- Представитель
- Представитель, типичный
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Chance variation, chance error, английский
A random variable can be decomposed into a sum of its expected value and chance variation around its expected value. the expected value of the chance variation is zero; the standard error of the chance variation is the same as the standard error of the random variable—the size of a "typical" difference between the random variable and its expected value. see also sampling error.
Discrete variable, английский
- A quantitative variable whose set of possible values is countable. typical examples of discrete variables are variables whose possible values are a subset of the integers, such as social security numbers, the number of people in a family, ages rounded to the nearest year, etc. discrete variables are "chunky." c.f. continuous variable. a discrete random variable is one whose set of possible values is countable. a random variable is discrete if and only if its cumulative probability distribution function is a stair-step function; i.e., if it is piecewise constant and only increases by jumps.
- Variable like 1, 2, 3. bond ratings are examples of discrete classifications.
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