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Residual confounding
| Эпидемиологический словарь (глоссарий) |
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Остаточное искажение, русский
Искажение вследствие действия вмешивающихся факторов, которое остается после безуспешных попыток его скорректировать. источники ои — недостаточно детализированная информация, неверное подразделение на категории, неверная классификация одного или нескольких вмешивающихся факторов1. см. также вмешивающихся факторов влияние. 1 olsen j. basso о. am j epidemiol, 1999; 149:290.
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Confounding, английский
When the differences between the treatment and control groups other than the treatment produce differences in response that are not distinguishable from the effect of the treatment, those differences between the groups are said to be confounded with the effect of the treatment (if any). for example, prominent statisticians questioned whether differences between individuals that led some to smoke and others not to (rather than the act of smoking itself) were responsible for the observed difference in the frequencies with which smokers and non-smokers contract various illnesses. if that were the case, those factors would be confounded with the effect of smoking. confounding is quite likely to affect observational studies and experiments that are not randomized. confounding tends to be decreased by randomization. see also simpson`s paradox.
Confounding bias, английский
Confounding by indication, английский
Confounding factor, английский
A factor which has an association with both a disease and a risk factor and thus complicates the nature of the relationship between them
Confounding variable, confounder, английский
Confounding, negative, английский
Residual, английский
- The difference between a datum and the value predicted for it by a model. in linear regression of a variable plotted on the vertical axis onto a variable plotted on the horizontal axis, a residual is the "vertical" distance from a datum to the line. residuals can be positive (if the datum is above the line) or negative (if the datum is below the line). plots of residuals can reveal computational errors in linear regression, as well as conditions under which linear regression is inappropriate, such as nonlinearity and heteroscedasticity. if linear regression is performed properly, the sum of the residuals from the regression line must be zero; otherwise, there is a computational error somewhere.
- “the difference between a given data point and its predicted value.” [clsi]
- Остаточный; невыраба- тьгваемый (о топливе)
- Остаточный; невыра- батываемый (о топливе)
- In optical design, the aberrations that remain after the design has been optimized.
- See:residual value
- Авторский гонорар, начисляемый с каждого повторного исполнения (пьесы и т. п.)
Residual (stress, английский
Residual (stress, strain, deformation), английский
Residual (остаточный транш), русский
Последний (самый младший) транш в структурированном финансовом инструменте. остаточный транш представляет собой совокупность денежных поступлений, которые остаются после выполнения всех обязательств по всем старшим траншам. основным источником дохода по о
Residual acid, английский
Residual air, английский
Air left in the lungs after a person has breathed out as much air as possible
Residual analysis, английский
An analysis used in the profit split method which divides the combined profit from the controlled transactions under examination in two stages. in the first stage, each participant is allocated sufficient profit to provide it with a basic return appropriate for the type of transactions in which it is engaged. ordinarily this basic return would be determined by reference to the market returns achieved for similar types of transactions by independent enterprises. thus, the basic return would generally not account for the return that would be generated by any unique and valuable assets possessed by the participants. in the second stage, any residual profit (or loss) remaining after the first stage division would be allocated among the parties based on an analysis of the facts and circumstances that might indicate how this residual would have been divided between independent enterprises.
Residual arkose, английский
Residual assets, английский
Assets that remain after sufficient assets are dedicated to meet all senior debtholders` claims in full.
Residual bit error ratio, английский
Residual boulder, английский
Residual capacitive voltage, английский
Residual claim, английский
Related: equity claim
Residual claim on total assets, английский
Residual clay, английский
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Островная популяция, русский
Группа лиц, изолированная от других более крупных групп, обладающая относительно ограниченным пулом генов; или группа иммунологически изолированных лиц, которая может быть особо чувствительна к инфекции чужеродным возбудителем.
Остаточное искажение, русский
Искажение вследствие действия вмешивающихся факторов, которое остается после безуспешных попыток его скорректировать. источники ои — недостаточно детализированная информация, неверное подразделение на категории, неверная классификация одного или нескольких вмешивающихся факторов1. см. также вмешивающихся факторов влияние. 1 olsen j. basso о. am j epidemiol, 1999; 149:290.
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