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Admiralty midshipman
| Ãëîññàðèé ìîðñêîé ëåêñèêè è òåðìèíîëîãèè (àíãëèéñêèé ÿçûê) |
- Formerly one who, having served the appointed time, and passed his examination for lieutenant, was appointed to a ship by the admiralty, and thus named in contradistinction to those who used to be rated by the captain; he generally had precedence for promotion to “acting orders.”
- Formerly one who, having served his time and passed the lieutenant’s examination, was appointed to a ship by the admiralty, in contradistinction to those who were rated by the captain.
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Admiralty, àíãëèéñêèé
- 1. a high naval authority in charge of a state`s navy or a major territorial component. in the royal navy (uk) the board of admiralty, executing the office of the lord high admiral, promulgates naval law in the form of queen`s (or king`s) regulations and admiralty instructions.
- An office for the administration of naval affairs, presided over by a lord high-admiral, whether the duty be discharged by one person, or by commissioners under the royal patent, who are styled lords, and during our former wars generally consisted of seven. the present constitution of the board of admiralty comprises—the first lord, a minister and civilian as to office; four naval lords; one civil lord attending to accounts, &c.; one chief secretary; one second secretary. two lords and one secretary form a legal board of admiralty wherever they may be assembled, under the authority of the board or its chief.
- [1] formerly, the department of state responsible for the british royal navy (see board of admiralty). [2] the building housing officials of that department. [3] maritime law.
Admiralty anchor, àíãëèéñêèé
Àäìèðàëòåéñêèé ÿêîðü
Admiralty court, àíãëèéñêèé
- The constitution of this court relatively to the legislative power of the king in council, is analogous to that of the courts of common law relatively to the parliament of the kingdom.— high court of admiralty, a supreme court of law, in which the authority of the lord high-admiral is ostensibly exercised in his judicial capacity for the trial of maritime causes of a civil nature. although termed the high court of admiralty, more properly this is the court of vice-admiralty, and relates solely to civil and military matters of the sea, and sea boundaries, prizes, collisions, vessels or goods cast on the shore where the vice-admirals have civil jurisdiction, but no naval power, as the lord-lieutenants of counties are named in their patents “vice-admirals of the same;” in like manner all governors of colonies. all cases in connection are tried by the admiralty court in london, or by our “courts of vice-admiralty and prize jurisdictions abroad.” admirable as some of the decisions of this expensive tribunal have been, it has all the powers of the inquisition in its practice, and has thereby been an instrument of persecution to some innocent navigators, while it has befriended notorious villains. besides this we have the admiralty court of oyer and terminer, for the trial of all murders, piracies, or criminal acts which occur within the limits of the country, on the coast-lines, at sea, or wherever the admiralty jurisdiction extends—the deck of a british ship included.
- A tribunal administering maritime or admiralty law, including matters pertaining to shipping, collision, piracy, disposition of prizes, etc. admiralty law: a uniform, supranational, comprehensive body of maritime jurisprudence progressively codified over millennia. see laws & conventions of the sea, maritime law and united nations convention on the law of the sea.
Admiralty court; court of admiralty (in great britain), àíãëèéñêèé
Admiralty islands, àíãëèéñêèé
Admiralty law, àíãëèéñêèé
Body of law that deals with maritime cases. in the uk administered by the probate, divorce and admiralty division of the high court of justice or supreme court.
Admiralty shackle, àíãëèéñêèé
Heavy shackle at the tail tree that connects the skyline to the stub line (guyline extension) (19).
Admiralty sweep, àíãëèéñêèé
A wide, cautious turn, made to come alongside another vessel or a jetty.
Midshipman, àíãëèéñêèé
- 1. during the 17th century, a naval rating for an experienced seaman.
- A naval cadet appointed by the admiralty, with the exception of one in each ship appointed by the captain. no person can be appointed midshipman until he has served one year, and passed his examinations; nor a lieutenant without having previously served six years in the royal navy as midshipman, and having further passed two severe examinations—one in seamanship and one in gunnery. a midshipman is then the station in which a young volunteer is trained in the several exercises necessary to attain a knowledge of steam, machinery, discipline, the general movements and operations of a ship, and qualify him to command.
- Formerly, a senior petty officer belonging to a group from which commissioned officers would be chosen. so-called because they berthed amidships, between the crew who berthed forward and the commissioned officers who lived aft. to be rated midshipman, a candidate had to have served at least two years at sea, either before the mast or as a captain’s servant, the latter position being reserved for “young gentlemen” with patronage connections. after a minimum of six years of sea service a midshipman could take the examination for third lieutenant, but might have to wait many more years before a vacancy arose. thereafter advancement depended entirely on seniority (see also master’s mate). during the napoleonic wars midshipmen tended to fall into three distinct categories: • well-connected teenage “gentlemen,” confidently expecting to pass the lieutenant’s examination and be commissioned. • ambitious but embittered 30–40 year-olds, who had either repeatedly failed that exam or, worse, had passed but lacked the essential patron. • hard-bitten professional seamen, promoted from the lower deck and not expecting to go further. nowadays it is the rank of the most junior british naval officer, equivalent to u.s. ensign but not commissioned and classified as “subordinate officer.” the rank insignia, which originated in 1758, is a white collar patch that some say can be traced all the way back to roman times when a white toga was the badge of aspirants to higher office. in the united states the title refers to members of the naval reserve officer training corps at a u.s. university and to students at the u.s. naval and merchant marine academies. navy regulations give them an ambiguous status, saying “midshipmen are, by law, officers in a qualified sense” (author’s emphasis). see also passed midshipman and aviation midshipman.
Midshipman`s hitch, àíãëèéñêèé
An alternative to the blackwall hitch, preferred if the rope is greasy. made by first forming a blackwall hitch and then taking the underneath part and placing over the bill of the hook.[24
Midshipman`s nuts, àíãëèéñêèé
Broken pieces of biscuit as dessert.[25
Midshipman`s roll, àíãëèéñêèé
A slovenly method of rolling up a hammock transversely, and lashing it endways by one clue.[25
Examination, àíãëèéñêèé
- Îáñëåäîâàíèå
- Ýêñïåðòèçà; ïðîâåðêà; ðàññìîòðåíèå (îöåíêà ïàòåíòîñïîñîáíîñòè çàÿâêè íà ïàòåíò, ïðîèçâîäèìàÿ ïàòåíòíûì âåäîìñòâîì)
- 1. an act of looking at someone or something carefully from the examination of the x-ray photographs, it seems that the tumour has not spread. 2. the act of looking at someone to find out what is wrong with him or her the surgeon carried out a medical examination before operating. 3. a written or oral test to see if a student is progressing satisfactorily (note: in this sense, often abbreviated to exam.)
- An examination of a dead body by a pathologist to find out the cause of death the post mortem showed that he had been poisoned. abbr pm. also called autopsy
- A searching by, or cognizance of, a magistrate, or other authorized officer. now strict in navy and army.
- Ïðîâåðêà; èññëåäîâàíèå; ðàññìîòðåíèå
- The checking of a taxpayer`s tax return, accounts, self-assessment calculations, etc. the process may or may not include an audit of the taxpayer`s own books.
- Îñìîòð; îñâèäåòåëüñòâîâàíèå, îáñëåäîâàíèå; èññëåäîâàíèå, ïðîâåðêà, êîíòðîëü
- Èçó÷åíèå
- The study of a patent application by a patent office examiner to determine whether or not an invention can be patented and whether the application complies with all the legal requirements (including formal requirements). depending on issues raised in the resulting examination report, amendment of the patent application may be required.
- Process of testing materials, interpreting and evaluating test indications to determine if the test object meets specified acceptance criteria.1
Lieutenant, àíãëèéñêèé
[1] a deputy or substitute (latin locum tenens = in place of ). [2] a junior naval or military officer. [3] used in combination with another military title denotes an officer of the next lower rank (e.g., lieutenant-general). this is one of the oldest military titles, and in naval use can be traced back to the twelfth century when a sailing master had full command of the ship, while the captain was responsible for embarked soldiers, with a non-commissioned lieutenant as his military deputy. by about 1580 the captain had assumed command of the ship, with the master as a subordinate responsible for shiphandling and navigation. the lieutenant was expected to replace the captain in case of death or incapacitation, but was still non-commissioned, being appointed with no official rank. some 50 years later, naval lieutenants had evolved beyond their purely military role to become professional commissioned sea officers. in about 1677, shortly after his appointment as secretary of the admiralty, samuel pepys introduced formal examinations which had to be passed to qualify for a third lieutenant’s commission. thereafter advancement depended entirely on seniority. third and second lieutenants each had specific shipboard duties in addition to their prime responsibilities of standing watch and commanding a division of guns in battle (see separate entry for first lieutenant). in the days of rated warships, a first-rate normally carried seven to nine lieutenants (one first, one or two seconds, and five or six thirds). the complement diminished with the vessel’s rating (for example a third-rate had five lieutenants, while a sixth rate had only two). nowadays, a naval lieutenant is senior to lieutenant (jg) or sublieutenant, and junior to lieutenant commander. at its inception in 1775, the continental navy essentially adopted the then current royal navy rank structure, including that of lieutenant (see table 15). an army or marine lieutenant is senior to second lieutenant and junior to captain. pronunciation is loo-tenant in america. until world war ii all british commonwealth navies said let-enant, but the influx of temporary non-career officers overwhelmed that tradition and substituted the army’s lef-tenant, the former pronunciation being retained only by the canadian armed forces maritime command. lieutenant-at-arms: formerly, a warship’s most junior lieutenant, responsible for assisting the master- at-arms in training seamen to handle small arms.
Precedence, àíãëèéñêèé
- N ïðåäøåñòâîâàíèå parsing
- The order and degree of rank among officers of the two services. (see rank.)
- [1] priority in order of rank and seniority. [2] the right to precede others at diplomatic or social functions. [3] the sequence in which messages should be handled—usn, nato, and diplomatic messages are labeled “flash,” “immediate,” “priority,” and “routine” in descending order of urgency and hence of precedence.
- Î÷åðåäíîñòü âûïîëíåíèÿ îïåðàöèé; ïðåäøåñòâîâàíèå; ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîñòü âûïîëíåíèÿ; ïðèîðèòåò; ñòàðøèíñòâî
- The order in which operators are evaluated in an expression, tasks are performed or rules are applied. for example, in a mathematical expression, multiplication and division are performed first, followed by addition and subtraction.
- The property of arithmetic operations that determines which operations are done first in a complex expression.
- The established system of priorities of trades in an exchange. for example, the highest bid and lowest offer have highest precedence; the first bid or first offer at a price has highest priority, and large orders have priority over smaller orders.
- Ïðåèìóùåñòâåííàÿ ñèëà
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Adornings, àíãëèéñêèé
The carved work on the quarter and stern-galleries of men-of-war.
Admiralty court, àíãëèéñêèé
- The constitution of this court relatively to the legislative power of the king in council, is analogous to that of the courts of common law relatively to the parliament of the kingdom.— high court of admiralty, a supreme court of law, in which the authority of the lord high-admiral is ostensibly exercised in his judicial capacity for the trial of maritime causes of a civil nature. although termed the high court of admiralty, more properly this is the court of vice-admiralty, and relates solely to civil and military matters of the sea, and sea boundaries, prizes, collisions, vessels or goods cast on the shore where the vice-admirals have civil jurisdiction, but no naval power, as the lord-lieutenants of counties are named in their patents “vice-admirals of the same;” in like manner all governors of colonies. all cases in connection are tried by the admiralty court in london, or by our “courts of vice-admiralty and prize jurisdictions abroad.” admirable as some of the decisions of this expensive tribunal have been, it has all the powers of the inquisition in its practice, and has thereby been an instrument of persecution to some innocent navigators, while it has befriended notorious villains. besides this we have the admiralty court of oyer and terminer, for the trial of all murders, piracies, or criminal acts which occur within the limits of the country, on the coast-lines, at sea, or wherever the admiralty jurisdiction extends—the deck of a british ship included.
- A tribunal administering maritime or admiralty law, including matters pertaining to shipping, collision, piracy, disposition of prizes, etc. admiralty law: a uniform, supranational, comprehensive body of maritime jurisprudence progressively codified over millennia. see laws & conventions of the sea, maritime law and united nations convention on the law of the sea.
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