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Marines
| Морской словарь |
Naval persons organized and equipped as soldiers and specializing in amphibious operations. according to sailors, the name “marine” is an acronym of muscles are required, intelligence not essential, but this jocular sentiment is refuted by naval personalities, such as horatio nelson who remarked “every fleet should have a perfect battalion of marines”; admiral lord st. vincent who said, “without a large body of marines we shall be long, very long, before an efficient fleet can be sent to sea”; and david dixon porter (one of the first u.s. navy officers to bear the rank of
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Amphibious, английский
Амфибийный
Operations, английский
- Research, incorporated фирма «оперейшнз ресерч ивкорпо- рейтед»
- Field movements, whether offensive or defensive.
- Операционный отдел (в инвестиционном банке)
Intelligence, английский
- Сбор разведывательных данных; разведка
- The ability to learn and understand quickly
- N интеллект, рассу- док, ум, способность к пониманию artificial ~ искусственный интеллект
- [1] information of military or political value. [2] gathering such information.
- Originally, an innate general cognitive ability underlying all of an individual`s processes of complex reasoninng. now, the dual ability to draw appropriate distinctions and to make appropriate, and to a degree better than chance, choices among the things distinguished. the first part of the process is creative (->creativity) and concerns the construction of a cognitive system limited by the amount of uncertainty tolerable. the second part of the process, largely attended to by ashby, is reductive and concerns how much information is brought to bear on a situation, e.g., for giving the correct answer to questions on an intelligence test, for selecting a successful course of action out of all possible ones, for saying the right thing at the right moment to the right person. culture bound intelligence tests assume predrawn distinctions, offer fixed number of alternatives and thus provide a normative measure of only the information processing ability part of intelligence. the constructive and uncertainty increasing ability part of intelligence is manifest in innovations, unconventional perspectives, avantgarde art but also in social deviance.
Personalities, английский
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Admiral) who declared, английский
“if the marines are abolished, half the efficiency of the navy will be destroyed.” the practice is ancient. at least five centuries before the current era, fighting men were part of the regular complement of phoenician, persian, and greek warships. later, cohorts of troops, known as classiarii, served in the roman navy. today, most of the world’s marines operate in their traditional roles of preserving discipline on board ship and projecting naval power inland when required. they generally consider themselves to be soldiers who go to sea rather than sailors who fight ashore (see naval infantry). an exception is the united states marine corps which no longer provides detachments to serve in individual warships, but is a fully-integrated, rapid-response, combined-arms service, larger than the total armed forces of many a sovereign state, falling administratively under the navy department, but independent of the naval chain of command.
Marine surveyor, английский
A person qualified to inspect a ship or boat for the purpose of determining its current condition and seaworthiness—in particular if it is safe for use in the conditions for which it was designed— and what maintenance and repairs are required to maintain its integrity. surveys typically cover the vessel’s structure and machinery, and its navigational, safety, radio, and cargo-handling equipment, and may involve verifying compliance with international treaties concerning pollution, security, and safety. see also lloyd’s register.
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