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Softmax
| Глоссарий по искусственному интеллекту |
A type of activation function that is used in neural networks when a group of nodes must meet a common constraint, such as adding up to one. for a group of (output) nodes that must add up to one (e.g., a classification probability) you would add a new output layer that takes the raw output layer (assumed to be positive) and normalizes each of the outputs by the sum of the outputs. this approach can be generalized to other constraints on the output. an example, for three inputs a, b, and c, would give a classification
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Activation, английский
- Приведение в ^ действие; ввод (системы) в строй
- N когн. активация12 (тж. activization)
- In a sequence diagram, the time period during which an object or actor is performing an action. activation is represented by a thin rectangle.
- The act when, an assigned user successfully receives the access rights of a privileged role.
- The chain of events that results in the creation of a com object and returning a valid pointer to an interface on that object.
- The process of assigning an identity on microsoft online services to a user account that has been migrated from a local active directory.
- The process of starting a service program in response to a service broker message.
- The process of validating software with the manufacturer. activation confirms the genuine status of a product and that the product key has not been compromised. it establishes a relationship between the software’s product key and a particular installation of that software on a device.
- The process by which neutrons bombard stable atoms to make them radioactive.
- Process by which neutrons bombard stable atoms and make them radioactive.
- Процесс, при котором нейтроны бомбардируют стабильные атомы и делают их радиоактивными.
- In radiographic testing, process by which neutrons bombard stable atoms and make them radioactive.
Constraint, английский
- Сдерживание (отношение события к последующей работе, из-за которого работа не может быть начата; отношение работы к последующему событию, из-за которого это событие не может совершиться)
- N 1 ограничение (син. restriction); 2 то же, что и cognitive principle functional head c~ уис один из принципов универсальной грамматики, согласно кото- рому фунциональная вершина требует нали- чия определенных признаков у своих ком- плементов 1 рассматриваемые в логике утвердительные выражения. mental ~s умственные ограничения
- The difference between a set and a subset indicating that the variety that exists under one condition is less than the variety that exists under another (after ashby). for an observer, constraints become apparent when he finds that a system can assume fewer states than are logically possible or hypothesised by him. within a cartesian product a constraint is the complement of a relation, the former contains all states excluded by the latter. information is a measure of the constraint imposed by a condition or message.
- A limitation or a restriction.
- Сдерживающий фактор
- Any restriction that occurs to the transverse contraction normally associated with a longitudinal tension, and that hence causes a secondary tension in the transverse direction.
Classification, английский
- Assigning data (i e , cases or observations) cases to one of a fixed number of possible classes (represented by a nominal output variable)
- Классификация; систематизация; засекречивание
- Классификация (упорядоченная группировка явлений и объектов; может утверждаться в качестве стандарта, в том числе национального или международного), см. nomenclature
- The work of putting references or components into order so as to be able to refer to them again and identify them easily the abo classification of blood
- Классификация
- N классификация language typological ~ типологическая классификация classificatory a классификационный matrix classifying a классифицирующий article
- The placement of an item under the correct number in the customs tariff for duty purposes. at times this procedure becomes highly complicated; it is not uncommon for importers to resort to litigation over the correct duty to be assessed by the customs on a given item
- Классификация; категоризация; сортировка
- The process of assigning a set of records from a database (observations in a dataset) into (usually) one of ``small" number of pre-specified disjoint categories. related techniques include regression, which predicts a range of values and clustering, which (typically) allows the categories to form themselves. the classification can be "fuzzy" in several senses of the word. in usual sense, the classification technique can allow a single record to belong to multiple (disjoint) categories with a probability (estimated) of being in each class. the categories can also overlap when they are developed either through a hierarchical model or through an agglomerative technique. finally, the classification can be fuzzy in the sense of using "fuzzy logic" techniques. see also: clustering, fuzzy logic, regression. classification and regression trees (cart) classification and regression trees (cart) is a particular form of decision tree used in data mining and statistics.
- Классификация. для порошков (пыли)—разделение образца на фракции по размеру, форме и плотности частиц с помощью жидкости; основано, например, на различной скорости оседания фракций в жидкости или на разном поведении частиц в потоке жидкости.
- A systematic organization of classes.
- The placement of an incident into a hierarchy of descriptors that indicate what the incident is generally about. for example, an incident could be classified as being related to software, and then to microsoft, and then to word 2003.
- The type of updates that sce downloads from microsoft update during synchronization.
- An offender is classified for a particular security level and housed in an appropriate facility based on assessment of their crime, security risk and prison behavior.
- A code which provides a method for categorizing the invention.
- The code for a specific type of complementary work or variation.
- Классификация, номенклатура
Probability, английский
- Probability can be generally defined as a measure of how likely some event will occur. the event could be an explosion, a lottery win or perhaps cancer induction. mathematically speaking, the value of probability varies between 0 and 1 where 0 means an ev
- Вероятность. возможность.
- The probability of an event is a number between zero and 100%. the meaning (interpretation) of probability is the subject of theories of probability, which differ in their interpretations. however, any rule for assigning probabilities to events has to satisfy the axioms of probability.
- Вероятность
- Вероятность probability sample, syn. random sample
- Вероятность. мера случайности появления конкретного события. например, вероятность случайного выбора из популяции человека с конкретным качеством соответствует доле людей в популяции, обладающих этим качеством.
- Вероятность; возможность
- Вероятность; обеспеченность (гидрологической величины) ~ of no-failure вероятность безотказной работы
- Probability is a method for representing uncertainty about propositions or events. it represents the uncertainty about a proposition on a scale from 0 to 1, with a 0 representing complete certainty that the proposition is false or an event will not occur and a value of one will represent the opposite. formally, a probability measure is one that follows kolmogorov`s axioms. there are two main schools of thought on the meaning of probability. frequentists take a narrow interpretation of probability allowing only hypothetically repeatable events or experiments as being quantifiable by probability, while bayesians take a broader interpretation that allows reasoning about "one-shot" events and propositions based on the current knowledge about nature. the bayesian interpretation is most commonly used in artificial intelligence, while the frequentist interpretation is most commonly taught in statistics courses. the label "bayesian" arises from the central role that the bayes theorem plays in this use of probability. it allows one to reason from effects to causes and encourages the use of probability measures to describe supposedly fixed events or propositions which frequentists disallow. the probability for these events reflects one`s state of knowledge about the event, rather than being an assertion that the unknown event can vary. for example, a bayesian would have no qualms about making statements about the probability that a given die, rolled and hidden from his sight is, for example, a six. a frequentist would be unable to make such a statement, preferring to talk about his confidence in the method when applied to a hypothetically large number of repeated experiments. in the end, they would act in similar ways. when the long run data are available, bayesians and frequentists end up with the same estimates. see also: bayes theorem, kolmogorov`s axioms.
- Вероятность. математическое измерение возможности появления неко-его события, выраженное в виде дроби или процента [30]. значения статистической вероятности лежат в пределах от 1 или 100 процентов (всегда) до 0 или 0 процентов (никогда) [20]. наибольшее приближение к истинной вероятности дает относитель-ная частота события, полученная на основе большой серии измерений или результа-тов [33]. вероятность может быть также определена как выражение в некоторой неопределимой форме "степени уверенности" или как предельная частота события в бесконечной случайной последовательности [49].
- The likelihood of something happening. for example, sale being made.
- Вероятность. математическое измерение возможности появления некоего события, выраженное в виде дроби или процента [30]. значения статистической вероятности лежат в пределах от 1 или 100 процентов (всегда) до 0 или 0 процентов (никогда) [20]. наибольшее приближение к истинной вероятности дает относительная частота события, полученная на основе большой серии измерений или результатов [33]. вероятность может быть также определена как выражение в некоторой неопределимой форме "степени уверенности" или как предельная частота события в бесконечной случайной последовательности [49].
- The relative likelihood of a particular outcome among all possible outcomes.
- Likelihood that an event may occur, expressed as a number between 0 and 1.
Generalized, английский
- A генерализован- ный, расширенный; обобщенный grammar, marker, transformation generalizing a генерализирующий, абстрактизи- рующий article
- Общий; обобщенный; универсальный
- Ка rhunen-loeve transform, gklt обобщенное преобразование карунена-лоэва
Constraints, английский
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Bidirectional network, английский
A two-layer neural network where each layer provides input to the other layer, and where the synaptic matrix of layer 1 to layer 2 is the transpose of the synaptic matrix from layer 2 to layer 1. see also: bidirectional associative memory.
Bound variable or symbol, английский
A variable or a symbol is bound when a value has been assigned to it. if one has not been assigned, the variable or symbol is unbound. see also: binding.
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