| conventional forest products | All commercial roundwood products except fuelwood. includes boards, dimension lumber, pulp, and paper products (35). |
| forwarding | - Transporting trees or parts of trees by carrying them completely off the ground rather than by pulling or dragging them along the ground. also known as prehauling.
- Harvest functions...
|
| roundwood | A length of cut tree generally having a round cross- section, such as a log or bolt (12). |
| hyster | A winch (19). |
| coppice regeneration | Ability of certain hardwood species to regenerate by producing many new shoots from a cut stump (35). |
| aboveground biomass | Aboveground portion of a tree, excluding the root system (29). |
| crook | - Abrupt bend in a tree or log (24).
- The distortion of lumber in which there is a deviation,
|
| land base | Acres of forest land that are actually available for forest management. this involves future trends not only in forest growth but also in deletions from the land base (10). |
| spacing control | Act of creating, within the limits of the existing stand, a uniform distribution of trees that provides optimum growing space for each tree by eliminating overcrowding. as a result, tree diameter ... |
| mopping up | Act of making a fire safe after it has been controlled by extinguishing or removing burning material along or near a control line (6). |
| net scale | Actual amount of merchantable wood contained in a log as opposed to the gross scale, which includes defect (9). |
| residual value | - Actual or assumed value of a machine after it has been fully depreciated (20).
- Остаточная стоимость
- The remaining equity in a fund or property.
- Usually refers ...
остаточная стоимость; valore residuo; ликвидационная стоимость; |
| stand age | - Age of trees of the dominant forest type and stand-size class.
- Land classification
|
| turbocharger | - Air pump designed to put more air into engine cylinders; pump is driven by the exhaust heat (22).
- Induction pressure charger normally comprising an exhaust gas driven air turbine dr...
|
| southern states | Alabama, mississippi, texas, louisiana, arkansas, and tennessee. also known as the south (23). |
| pacific coast states | Alaska, washington, oregon, california, and hawaii (10). |
| whole tree | All components of a tree, except the stump. also known as a full tree. |
| clearcutting | All merchantable trees on a setting to be yarded are felled (22). |
| industrial wood | All roundwood products except fuelwood (33). |
| crown class | All trees in a stand whose tops or crowns occupy a similar position in the canopy or crown cover (28). |
| allowable-cut effect | Allocation of anticipated future forest timber yields to the present allowable cut; this is employed to increase current harvest levels (especially when constrained by evenflow) by spreading antic... |
| a.c.e. | Allowable-cut effect. |
| soil failure | - Alteration or destruction of the soil structure by mechanical forces such as in shearing, compression, or tearing (7).
- Soil reaction nomenclature
|
| gradient | - Amount by which the grade increases or decreases in a unit of horizontal distance (21).
- Градиент
- Уклон; градиент
- In tinting lenses, application of dye to a len...
gdnt; градиент; уклон; g; grad; градиент; функции; геофиз. градиент; gamma, film (rt); grade; |
| moisture content | - Amount of water present in a material such as wood or soil. generally expressed as a percentage of the material s ovendry weight.
- The weight of moisture contained in a piece of timb...
влажность; влагосодержание; содержание влаги; |
| net annual growth of sawtimber | - Annual change in volume of live sawtimber trees plus total volume of trees reaching sawtimber size, minus volume losses resulting from natural causes.
- Quality classes
|
| net annual growth of growing stock | - Annual change in volume of sound wood in live sawtimber and poletimber trees, plus total volume of sound wood in live sawtimber and poletimber trees, plus total volume of trees entering these ...
|
| forest practice | Any activity that enhances and/or recovers forest growth or harvest yield, such as site preparation, planting, thinning, fertilization, and harvesting. |
| gravity logging | Any cable system that depends on the force of gravity for downhill travel of the carriage (20). |
| coastal plain | - Any plain (or plains) of unconsolidated fluvial or marine sediment that had its margin on the shore of a large body of water, particularly the sea. (for example, the atlantic coastal plain of ...
|
| overstory removal | Any silvicultural treatment with the desired end result being the removal of the overstory component from the growing stock of a multistoried stand. examples are outright harvest, girdling, and si... |
| chemical thinning | Any thinning in which the unwanted trees are killed by chemical poisoning; band or frill girdling may be done at the same time (26). химическая букетировка; |
| crop tree | Any tree forming or selected to form a component of the final crop. the tree is usually selected when the stand or plantation is young (26). |
| parent tree | Any tree whose seeds are used to produce progeny for use in genetic experimentation. usually the parent tree is selected because it displays characteristics either interesting from a research stan... |
| tree farming | Application of silvicultural practices for the perpetual production of commercial timber crops. includes all activities from stand establishment through delivery of commercial timber (logs) to a l... |
| poletimber | Arbitrary term for small sawtimber trees. |
| skyline road | Area bounded by the length and lateral yarding width of any given skyline setting (32). |
| land area | - Area of dry land and land temporarily or partially covered by water such as marshes, flood plains, streams, sloughs, and estuaries. canals less than 1/8 mile wide, and lakes, reservoirs, and p...
|
| experimental plot | Area of ground laid out to determine the effects of a certain method of treatment. опытный участок; |
| cutting unit | Area of timber designated for harvest (32). |
| deadening | - Area on which timber has been killed by fire, flooding, insects, or disease (19).
- The use of damping material.
|
| seedbed | Area prepared to receive seeds, such as an area cleared of plants and duff, so that natural seed fall can establish a new forest (17). семенное ложе; почва для посева; пашня; |
| logging setting | Area to be logged; a block or strip. |
| planting | - Artificial regeneration method in which a new stand of trees is established by restocking the area with tree seedlings.
- Floral décor to enhance the appearance of the exhibi...
посадка; высадка; посев; сев; озеленение; |
| logging plan | As used in the eastern and western regions: layout, on a topographical map, of roads, landings, and setting boundaries of a logging area. |
| chip separator | - Attachment to whole-tree chippers that separates acceptable chips from unacceptable bark, limbs, and foliage (3).
- Portion of a chipper that includes a chipper spout for the separati...
|
| annual growth | Average annual increase in the biomass of growing-stock trees of a specified area (30). |
| branding ax | Ax used to stamp brands into logs (19). |
| junkbutt | Badly splintered end of a felled tree that has been cut back to sound wood (12). |
| overstory trees | Bees that form the uppermost canopy layer in a forest of more than one story (20). |
| kg blade | Blade on a crawler used to clear unwanted vegetation in preparation for planting tree seedlings (17). |
| tilt blade | Blade that can be tilted in respect to a vertical position (22). |
| backfire | - Blaze set in front of an advancing forest fire in an effort to check the wildfire by cutting off its fuel supply.
- Встречный пожар для прекращения лесного пожара
- An explos...
обратный удар пламени; |
| tail block | Block fixed to a stump at the outer edge of a setting (in ground-lead and high-lead cable logging) or to the tail spar (in skyline cable logging), through which the haul-back line is reeved for re... |
| main line block | Block on a spar through which the main line runs (32). |
| haul-back block | Block used to guide the haul-back line (26). |
| fall block | Block which, in tight-skyline systems, can be lowered to pick up loads on the ground and then raised as required for hauling them onto the landing. the block is long and narrow, with the pulley wh... |
| b.d.t. | Bone-dry ton. |
| b.d.u. | Bone-dry unit. |
| softwoods | - Botanical grouping of trees that are usually evergreen and have needlelike or scalelike leaves. also known as conifers and coniferous trees (33).
- Generally, one of the botanical gro...
|
| back line | Boundary line marked by blazed or painted trees indicating the cutting area (8). |
| chipping | - Breaking or cutting trees into small pieces of controlled fiber length.
- Harvest functions
- Treatment of a hardened concrete surface by chiseling.
- Разделение на ...
обрубка; рубка; измельчение; |
| underbrush | Brush under a stand of timber (19). |
| tilt cab | - Cab on a machine that is hinged on one side and can be tilted back and lowered for transport (23).
- Commercial vehicle forward control cab hinged so that it can tilt forward to facih...
|
| enclosed cab | Cab suitable for an all-weather operation, may be heated or air conditioned (23). |
| jammer logging | Cable logging system generally restricted to one skidding line and used for winching logs up to 300 feet from the cutting area to a log collection point (17). |
| long-span skidding | Cable system capable of skidding f logs for 3,000 feet or more (17). |
| ground-lead logging | Cable yarding method in which the main line lead block is hung on a stump. the logs are not lifted from the ground (22). |
| grapple yarding | Cable yarding with grapple instead of chokers (22). |
| skyline | - Cableway stretched tautly between two spar trees and used as a track for a skyline carriage (22).
- The outline of buildings against the background of the sky.
- Очертание го...
линия горизонта; |
| shearing strength | Capacity of an object or soil to resist shearing stresses (20). |
| draw shear | Carrier-mounted, single-action, anvil shear used in mechanized cutting operations. blade is drawn through the tree, toward the carrier (9). |
| cover type | Category of forest defined primarily by its vegetative composition and/or locality factors (17). |
| torque converter | Centrifugal pump, driven by an engine, that rotates in a case filled with oil (22). |
| road pattern | Characteristic arrangement of spur roads in relation to each other (22). |
| fungicide | - Chemical that kills fungi; used to control fungal diseases in greenhouses and nurseries (17).
- A substance that is poisonous to fungi; retards or prevents the growth of fungi.
фунгицид;
|
| chip unit | Chip volume equal to 1 cord of pulpwood (24). |
