| defect - an imperfection developing during drying that decreases the value of a piece of timber. |
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| degrade - a reduction in timber grade and volume as a result of drying defects |
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| high temperature - in kiln-drying wood, use of dry-bulb temperatures of 100 c (212 f) or more. |
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| loss - the reduction in volume and grade quality that can be attributed to the drying process. |
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| pre-treatment - special process taken before drying or early in the drying process to accelerate drying rate, modify colour, or prevent checks and other drying defects. |
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| rate - the loss of moisture from timber or other wood products per unit of time. drying rate is generally expressed in percentage of moisture content lost per hour or day |
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| record - a daily or weekly entry of dryer or kiln operation information, which for example can include sample weight, |
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| moisture content, and temperature readings or recorder-controller charts. |
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| schedule - a sequence of controlled air velocity, temperature and humidity conditions in a kiln or predryer that |
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| result in a gradual decrease in moisture content of the wood. |
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| shed - an unheated building for drying timber and other wood products. the building may be open on all sides or |
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| closed. |
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| stress - the force per unit area that occurs in some zones of drying wood. it results from the uneven shrinkage that occurs with normal moisture gradients and from the set that develops in wood. |
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| drying defect | A feature developing during drying which may decrease the value of a piece of timber. |
| drying schedule | A sequence of kiln conditions which result in a gradual decrease in moisture content of the wood. |
| durability | - 1. the natural resistance of timber to biodeterioration due to fungi, insects and mechanical break down caused by weathering, checking and splitting.
- A general term for permanence o...
долговечность; износостойкость; длительность; durabilidad; живучесть; прочность; выносливость; |
| 2. in building, the efficacy of details in preserving or protecting the fabric of the building from decay or deterioration. |
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| durability class | Durability is expressed as one of four classes. the value for each species is based on trials of the resistance to both decay and termites of untreated heartwood in the ground. the classes are: |
| class 1- timber of the highest natural durability, expected to have a life greater than 25 years in the ground and greater than 40 years exposed above ground. |
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| class 2 - timber of high natural durability, expected to have a life of about 15 to 25 years in the ground and 15 to 40 years exposed above ground. |
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| class 3 - timber of moderate natural durability, expected to have a life of about 5 to 15 years in the ground and 7 to 15 years exposed above ground. |
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| class 4 - timber of low durability, expected to have a life of 0 to 5 years in the ground and 0 to 7 years exposed above ground. |
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| the sapwood of all species is regarded to be class 4. |
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| early fire hazard indices | The building code of australia (bca) requires building material in some building application to have particular characteristics in the early stages of a fire. these are set out in three indexes: |
| ignitibility index (scale 0-20), |
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| spread of flame index (scale 0-10), |
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| smoke develop index (scale 0-10) |
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| specification a2.4 of the bca calls up tests from as 1530.2 & 3 to establish the index ratings for materials. |
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| earlywood | - The less dense, larger celled, first formed part of a growth ring. also called "springwood".
- The portion of the growth ring that is formed during the early part of the growing seaso...
springwood. earth 1. british term for ground, 3. 2.; |
| eccentric load | - Loads that are applied off the central axis of a structural member.
- A load on a column or pile which is nonsymmetric with respect to the central axis, therefore producing a bending ...
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| eco labelling | Eco labelling is a form of third party certification of a product that confirms that the product meets particular environmental criteria. eco labels are designed to help consumers choose products ... |
| ecological consequences | Ecology is defined as the study of the interrelations between living organisms and their environment, including both physical and biotic factors. therefore ecological consequences refers to the ch... |
| ecologically sustainable forest management | Defined in australia as “integrating commercial and non-commercial values of forests so that the welfare of society (both material and non-material) is improved, whilst ensuring that the values of... |
| electrodes | Pins or blades on electric moisture meters, usually made of steel, used to penetrate and contact the wood. |
| insulated - electrodes that are coated with an insulating material to limit or control the point of contact between the |
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| electrode and the wood. |
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| embodied energy | The amount of non-renewable energy used to extract and process raw materials into finished building components. the embodied energy of a material is usually expressed in the units mj/kg and that o... |
| end coating | A coating of moisture-resistant material applied to the end grain of green logs or sawn boards to slow end drying. |
| end grain | - The grain shown on a cross cut surface.
- The wood grain that is exposed when a cut is made at right angles to the grain. end-grain core plywood or panel core composed of wood blocks ...
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| environmental audits | Environmental audits are a useful management tool that may form part of an overall environmental management system. this process entails a systematic and objective evaluation of how the organisati... |
| environmental impact assessments | Environmental impact assessments predict environmental impacts of a new development at the design stage. they may be required by commonwealth, state or local government legislation dependent upon ... |
| environmental impacts | The environment is defined as the physical and chemical surroundings of an object, the cultural, aesthetic and other factors which contribute to quality of life. therefore environmental impacts re... |
| environmental management systems | Environmental management systems are systems that ensure the organisation is working within the framework of ecologically sustainable development. these systems can be formal or informal. formal s... |
| epoxy dowel joint | A joint in which the parts are joined by dowels that have been set in oversized holes with epoxy resin. |
| epoxy resin joint | A joint in which the parts are bonded using an epoxy resin adhesive. |
| equalisation | In kiln drying, a high humidity treatment in the final stages of drying intended to reduce the moisture content range |
| between pieces of timber and the moisture gradient within pieces of timber. also known as equalising. |
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| equilibrium moisture content | - The moisture content at which timber neither gains nor loses moisture from the surrounding atmosphere.
- The moisture content at which wood neither
- The moisture content of ...
равновесная влажность; emc; равновесное влагосодержание; |
| exterior plywood | - Plywood of naturally durable or treated veneers bonded with waterproof adhesive and capable of withstanding prolonged exposure to severe exterior conditions without failure of the glue-lines.<...
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| extractives | - Substances such as tannin in wood that are not an integral part of the cellular structure and can be removed in solution
- Substances in wood such as colorants, oils, tannins, resin, ...
экстракционные вещества; |
| by solvents, such hot or cold water, that do not react chemically with wood substances. |
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| face nailing | - Nailing at right angles to the surface.
- Nailing in which the nails are driven perpendicular to the face of the material.
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| fascia | - A vertical board nailed to the lower ends of rafters.
- Horizontal boards attached to rafter/truss ends at the eaves and along gables. roof drain gutters are attached to the fascia. повязка;
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| fibre saturation point | The point in the seasoning or wetting of timber at which the cell cavities are free from water but cell walls are still saturated with bound water. it is taken as approximately 25-30% moisture con... точка насыщения волокон; |
| fibreboard | A generic term including sheet materials of widely varying densities manufactured from refined or partially refined wood or vegetable fibres. bonding agents and other materials may be added to inc... древесно-волокнистая плита, фибровый картон; |
| fiddleback | Figure in timber or veneer produced by small, regular undulations in the grain. |
| flitch | - A large piece of log, sawn on at least two surfaces, intended for further cutting.
- A portion of a log sawn on two or more faces
- The outside cut or slab of a tree.
...
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| floor board | Boards dressed to standard thickness and generally finished with a tongue and groove, fixed to floor joists or a substrate to provide a floor. |
| folded plate | The configuration of flat sheets, such as plywood, into a folded form to produce a beam of considerably higher strength and stiffness than is possible with the flat sheet alone. |
| forest estate | All forests growing on public or private lands |
| forest practices | Forest practices means the processes involved in establishing forests, or growing or harvesting timber, and includes |
| > the construction of roads and |
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| > the development and operation of quarries and |
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| > other works connected with establishing forests, or growing or harvesting timber |
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| forest stewardship council | The forest stewardship council is an international non-profit organisation founded in 1993 to support environmentally appropriate, socially beneficial, and economically viable management of the wo... |
| 2. a three dimensional self contained structural system of interconnecting members which functions with or without the aid of horizontal diaphragms or floor bracing systems. |
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| framing timber | - Timber used to form the basic structure of a building, such as studs and joists.
- One of the structural members of a timber-framed house; in colonial america, such massive timbers we...
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| free moisture | - Moisture which is present in the cell cavities of wood.
- Moisture not retained or absorbed by aggregate. free-span roof a roof that spans from wall to wall without interior columns o...
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| frl | - Fire resistance level - grading periods in minutes of the fire resistance of building elements for structural adequacy/integrity/and insulation
- Fuselage reference line
- Яз...
fuselage reference line; frame representation language; |
| fungus (fungi) | A plant that feeds on wood fibre. fungi primarily consist of microscopic threads (hyphae) that traverse wood in all hongo (hongos); |
| directions, dissolving materials out of the cell walls. |
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| geodesic | The shortest line between two points on a surface, such that a geodesic dome is segmented into a series of straight elements ортодромия; геодезический; |
| glue laminated timber | Laminated timber where the laminations are joined with adhesive. |
| 2. the direction, size, arrangement, appearance, or quality of the fibres in wood or timber |
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| across the grain - the direction parallel with the length of the fibres and other longitudinal elements of the wood. |
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| along the grain - the direction at right angles to the length of the fibres and other longitudinal elements of the wood. |
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| coarse - timber with wide conspicuous growth rings in which there is considerable difference between earlywood and latewood. the term is sometimes used to designate wood |
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