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Кооперативная республика гайана (южная америка)
| Глоссарий географических названий (английский-русский) |
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Guyana, английский
English, amerindian dialects, creole, hindi, urdu
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Coral, английский
- A name applied to the hard calcareous support or skeleton of many species of marine zoophytes. the coral-producing animals abound chiefly in tropical seas, sometimes forming, by the aggregated growth of countless generations, reefs, barriers, and islands of vast extent. the “red coral” (corallium rubrum) of the mediterranean is highly prized for ornamental purposes.
- A material made by tiny carnivorous animals called polyps that live in immense colonies. the polyp is related to the anemone, and consists of a stomach and a mouth surrounded by tentacles. these tentacles resemble feet (“polyp” is a greek word meaning many feet). the tentacles are covered with tiny stinging cells and, when a small creature brushes against them, it is killed and brought into the stomach to be digested. each polyp also extracts calcium from the water to build a protective limestone case. after it dies, the case remains and forms the foundation for another polyp to build on. colonies form different shapes according to their environment—smooth and rounded where wave action is strong, and branched in calmer, deeper water. when these limestone formations aggregate, they are called a coral reef. corals grow in clear, fairly shallow water, and are highly sensitive to environmental change. they cannot grow in polluted water, or in water carrying soil from the land, or if the salinity of the water drops. they will be swamped by algae if there are too many nutrients in the water, and will also die if the water temperature changes by more than a degree or two beyond their preferred 18° to 33° c range.
- Игрушка из полированного коралла (для грудных детей, у которых прорезываются зубы)
Констанцское озеро (швейцария, фрг и австрия), русский
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