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Protozoan
| Глоссарий медицинских терминов |
A tiny simple organism with a single cell (note: the plural is protozoa or protozoons.) comment: parasitic protozoa can cause several diseases, including amoebiasis, malaria and other tropical diseases.
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Amoebiasis, английский
- An infection caused by amoebae which can result in amoebic dysentery in the large intestine (intestinal amoebiasis) and sometimes affects the lungs (pulmonary amoebiasis)
- Intestinal infection caused by entamoeba histolytica
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Nephron, английский
A tiny structure in the kidney through which fluid is filtered comment: a nephron is formed of a series of tubules, the loop of henle, bowman’s capsule and a glomerulus. blood enters the nephron from the renal artery, and waste materials are filtered out by the bowman’s capsule. some substances return to the bloodstream by reabsorption in the tubules. urine is collected in the ducts leading from the tubules to the ureters.
Taste bud, английский
A tiny sensory receptor in the vallate and fungiform papillae of the tongue and in part of the back of the mouth comment: the taste buds can tell the difference between salt, sour, bitter and sweet tastes. the buds on the tip of the tongue identify salt and sweet tastes, those on the sides of the tongue identify sour, and those at the back of the mouth the bitter tastes. note that most of what we think of as taste is in fact smell, and this is why when someone has a cold and a blocked nose, food seems to lose its taste. the impulses from the taste buds are received by the taste cortex in the temporal lobe of the cerebral hemisphere.
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