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Pasteurisation
| Глоссарий медицинских терминов |
The process of heating food or food products to destroy bacteria [after louis pasteur (1822–95), french chemist and bacteriologist] comment: pasteurisation is carried out by heating food for a short time at a lower temperature than that used for sterilisation: the two methods used are heating to 72°c for fifteen seconds (the high-temperature shorttime method) or to 65°c for half an hour, and then cooling rapidly. this will kill tuberculosis bacteria that may be present in milk, for example.
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Bacteriologist, английский
A doctor who specialises in the study of bacteria
Temperature, английский
- Température
- Dry-bulb - temperature of air as indicated by a standard thermometer.
- An expression of thermal energy density. how hot or cold an object is.
- The measure of the intensity of heat that a substance possesses.
- Температура
- Температура тмр test methods and procedures методы проведения испытаний и последовательность их проведения тмр theodolite measuring point кинотеодолитная станция
- Temperatura, fiebre
- The condition attained when the wetted wick of a wet-bulb thermometer has reached a stable and constant temperature when exposed to moving air in excess of 900 ft (274.3 m) per minute.
- 1. the heat of the body or of the surrounding air, measured in degrees the doctor asked the nurse what the patient’s temperature was. his temperature was slightly above normal. the thermometer showed a temperature of 99°f. to take a patient’s temperature to insert a thermometer in someone’s body to see what his or her body temperature is they took his temperature every four hours. when her temperature was taken this morning, it was normal. 2. illness when your body is hotter than normal he’s in bed with a temperature. her mother says she’s got a temperature, and can’t come to work. comment: the average body temperature is about 37° celsius or 98° fahrenheit. this temperature may vary during the day, and can rise if a person has taken a hot bath or had a hot drink. if the environmental temperature is high, the body has to sweat to reduce the heat gained from the air around it. if the outside temperature is low, the body shivers, because rapid movement of the muscles generates heat. a fever will cause the body temperature to rise sharply, to 40°c (103°f) or more. hypothermia exists when the body temperature falls below about 35°c (95°f).
- Повышение температуры бетона ~ of truss высота фермы jet ~ высота подъёма горизонтальной неизотермической приточной струи, «всплывающей» над приточным отверстием
- Температура ~ of adiabatic saturation температура адиабатического насыщения
- Normal adult temperature varies among horses, but will usually range in degrees from 99.5°f to 100.5°f.
- A measure of the average kinetic energy of a material. the standard unit of temperature is a kelvin, (k). temperature determines the direction of heat flow between any two systems in thermal contact. heat will always flow from the area of higher temperature (t source) to one of lower temperature (t sink). temperature gradient (?t)
- A measure of the degree of molecular motion of a material compared to a reference point. temperature is measured in degrees farenheit (melting point of ice = 32 º f, boiling point of water = 212 º f) or degrees celsius (melting point of ice = 0 º c, boiling point of water = 100 º c).
- The degree of sensible heat of a body as measured by a thermometer or similar instrument.
- Measure of the intensity of particle motion in degrees celsius (°c) or degrees fahrenheit (°f) or, in the absolute scale, kelvin (k), where the increment of 1 k = 1 °c = 1.8 °f.
- Temperature of surrounding atmosphere. also called dry bulb temperature. compare standard atmospheric conditions. ampere (a): si unit of electric current. ampere per meter (a·m–1): si derived unit of magnetic field intensity. the measurement 1 a·m–1, for example, describes a current of 1 a flowing through a coil that is 1 m in diameter. compare oersted. ampere turn (at): in magnetic particle testing, unit for expressing the magnetomotive force required for magnetization using a coil in terms of the product of the number of coil turns and the current in amperes flowing through the coil. amplitude, echo: in ultrasonic testing, the vertical height of a received signal on an a-scan, measured from base to peak for a video presentation or from peak to peak for a radio frequency presentation.
- Measure of the intensity of particle motion in degrees celsius (°c), degrees fahrenheit (°f) or, in the absolute scale, kelvin (k) or degrees rankine (°r). an increment of 1 k = 1 °c = 1.8 °r = 1.8 °f. compare heat.
Sterilisation, английский
- 1. the action of making instruments or areas completely free from microorganisms which might cause infection 2. a procedure that makes someone unable to have children comment: sterilisation of a woman can be done by removing the ovaries or cutting the fallopian tubes. sterilisation of a man is carried out by cutting the vas deferens (vasectomy).
- Изъятие избыточной ликвидности (центральным банком
Tuberculosis, английский
- Tuberculosis
- Туберкулез
- An infectious disease caused by the tuberculosis bacillus, where infected lumps form in the tissue. abbr tb comment: tuberculosis can take many forms: the commonest form is infection of the lungs (pulmonary tuberculosis), but it can also at- tuberculous 430 tack the bones (pott’s disease), the skin (lupus), or the lymph nodes (scrofula). tuberculosis is caught by breathing in bacillus or by eating contaminated food, especially unpasteurised milk. it can be passed from one person to another, and the carrier sometimes shows no signs of the disease. tuberculosis can be cured by treatment with antibiotics, and can be prevented by inoculation with bcg vaccine. the tests for the presence of tb are the mantoux test, the heaf test and the patch test; it can also be detected by x-ray screening.
- Life-threatening form of microbial infection marked by the presence of acid-fast bacteria growing in nodules (especially in the lungs)
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Tissue typing, английский
The process of identifying various elements in tissue from a donor and comparing them to those of the recipient to see if a transplant is likely to be rejected
Tube feeding, английский
The process of giving someone nutrients through a tube directly into their stomach or small intestine
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