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Lieutenant, in the royal navy
| Глоссарий морской лексики и терминологии (английский язык) |
The officer next in rank and power below the commander. there are several lieutenants in a large ship, and they take precedence according to the dates of their commissions. the senior lieutenant, during the absence of the commander, is charged with the command of the ship, as also with the execution of whatever orders he may have received from the commander relating to the queen`s service; holding another`s place, as the name implies in french.— lieutenant in the army. the subaltern officer next in rank below the captain.
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Precedence, английский
- N предшествование parsing
- The order and degree of rank among officers of the two services. (see rank.)
- [1] priority in order of rank and seniority. [2] the right to precede others at diplomatic or social functions. [3] the sequence in which messages should be handled—usn, nato, and diplomatic messages are labeled “flash,” “immediate,” “priority,” and “routine” in descending order of urgency and hence of precedence.
- Очередность выполнения операций; предшествование; последовательность выполнения; приоритет; старшинство
- The order in which operators are evaluated in an expression, tasks are performed or rules are applied. for example, in a mathematical expression, multiplication and division are performed first, followed by addition and subtraction.
- The property of arithmetic operations that determines which operations are done first in a complex expression.
- The established system of priorities of trades in an exchange. for example, the highest bid and lowest offer have highest precedence; the first bid or first offer at a price has highest priority, and large orders have priority over smaller orders.
- Преимущественная сила
Commissions, английский
Комиссионное вознаграждение
Lieutenant, английский
[1] a deputy or substitute (latin locum tenens = in place of ). [2] a junior naval or military officer. [3] used in combination with another military title denotes an officer of the next lower rank (e.g., lieutenant-general). this is one of the oldest military titles, and in naval use can be traced back to the twelfth century when a sailing master had full command of the ship, while the captain was responsible for embarked soldiers, with a non-commissioned lieutenant as his military deputy. by about 1580 the captain had assumed command of the ship, with the master as a subordinate responsible for shiphandling and navigation. the lieutenant was expected to replace the captain in case of death or incapacitation, but was still non-commissioned, being appointed with no official rank. some 50 years later, naval lieutenants had evolved beyond their purely military role to become professional commissioned sea officers. in about 1677, shortly after his appointment as secretary of the admiralty, samuel pepys introduced formal examinations which had to be passed to qualify for a third lieutenant’s commission. thereafter advancement depended entirely on seniority. third and second lieutenants each had specific shipboard duties in addition to their prime responsibilities of standing watch and commanding a division of guns in battle (see separate entry for first lieutenant). in the days of rated warships, a first-rate normally carried seven to nine lieutenants (one first, one or two seconds, and five or six thirds). the complement diminished with the vessel’s rating (for example a third-rate had five lieutenants, while a sixth rate had only two). nowadays, a naval lieutenant is senior to lieutenant (jg) or sublieutenant, and junior to lieutenant commander. at its inception in 1775, the continental navy essentially adopted the then current royal navy rank structure, including that of lieutenant (see table 15). an army or marine lieutenant is senior to second lieutenant and junior to captain. pronunciation is loo-tenant in america. until world war ii all british commonwealth navies said let-enant, but the influx of temporary non-career officers overwhelmed that tradition and substituted the army’s lef-tenant, the former pronunciation being retained only by the canadian armed forces maritime command. lieutenant-at-arms: formerly, a warship’s most junior lieutenant, responsible for assisting the master- at-arms in training seamen to handle small arms.
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Lift an anchor, to, английский
Either by the purchase; or a ship if she has not sufficient cable on a steep bank lifts, or shoulders, her anchor.
Lie under arms, to, английский
To remain in a state of preparation for immediate action.
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