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Protections, on paper
| Глоссарий морской лексики и терминологии (английский язык) |
Against impressment, were but little regarded. yet seafaring men above 55, and under 18, were by statute exempted, as were all for the first two years of their going to sea, foreigners serving in merchant ships or privateers, and all apprentices for three years.
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Pap, английский
- Pulmonary artery pressure
- Password authentication protocol
- Pierced aluminum plank
- Project aerospace plane
- A downward outlet from an eaves gutter. paper-backed lath any lath having a paper backing.
- Payables automation project
Pap, английский
Pulmonary artery pressure
Pap, английский
Pap, испанский
Acrónimo de password authentication protocol [protocolo de autentificación de palabra de paso] este protocolo emplea contraseñas o 'passwords' de texto simple y, por ello, no es nada sofisticado.
Pap smear, английский
- Papanicolau, citología
- Papanicolau; citología (con tinción de papanicolau)
Pap test, английский
Same as papanicolaou test
Pap – pup, английский
Maize porridge, a staple for many south africans it can be eaten as breakfast, lunch or supper. often accompanies a braai.
Papírosztály, венгерский
Papírzsebkendő, венгерский
Papĭlio, латинский
Papa, английский
- Prepare to abandon platform alarm
- Nato phonetic notation for the letter “p.”
- Parallax airplane parking aid (vdgs)
Papa, английский
Papa, итальянский
Papa, русский
Papa / patata frita, испанский
Papa [ae, m], латинский
Papa [ae, m] (romanus), pontifex [icis, m], латинский
Papa, patata, испанский
Papacostas, английский
Papacy, pontificate, английский
Papagoite, английский
Impressment, английский
- The act of seizing by force.
- The system and act of pressing seamen, and compelling them—under plea of state necessity—to serve in our men-of-war.
- To force an individual into naval, military, or piratical service. prior to the invention of conscription and the draft, many countries used forcible recruitment to fill vacancies in both military and naval service. abducting fishermen or sailors in ports, or compelling captured crews to “volunteer” for service was common practice among pirates as well as regular navies (see also crimping). in britain, compulsory sea service was sanctioned by long-standing tradition going back to at least the eleventh century, and was used extensively during the reign of queen elizabeth i and by lord protector oliver cromwell. but the practice will always be associated with the napoleonic wars, during which the royal navy had immense manpower needs. not only did it have to replace battle casualties and heavier losses from disease but, between 1793 and 1800, the fleet expanded by 290 percent (from 45,000 to 130,000 men). as a result, there was intense competition for seamen between the navy, the merchant service, and privateers. thus—despite generous enlistment bounties, improved conditions of service, and the prospect of prize money—it proved impossible to fill all these vacancies with volunteers, and three other methods were employed. • the quota system proved unsatisfactory, since it wasn’t worth the time and effort required to train a novice in what was the most complex technology of the age. • the imprest service provided the vast majority of skilled mariners. the popular belief that press gangs seized innocent landsmen and forced them to learn seamanship by brutal indoctrination is a hollywood- inspired falsehood. those liable to lawful 159 impressment impressment were “eligible men of seafaring habits between the ages of 18 and 55 years” (author’s emphasis). the navy had little interest in people who were would be of no immediate use on board a ship. slightly more than half of the seamen acquired by this method were classified as “volunteers,” but it is probable that most of these had made the best of a bad situation by signing-up after being taken, in order to enjoy the enlistment bounty and a better position on board. those who believed they had been seized unfairly had the right of appeal, and were often successful. • the third method was impressment at sea. a captain could halt a merchantman and legally compel its master to hand over some of his prime seamen (officers, sailors with less than two-years service, and apprentices were exempt). such men were valuable recruits, since they had not only been trained at someone else’s expense, but were usually schooled in handling weapons for defense against pirates. while still a post-captain, horatio nelson used cannon to force homeward-bound east indiamen to heave-to and transfer men to his ship. since britain considered all those born under british rule to be the king’s subjects, over six thousand seamen who claimed united states citizenship were impressed in this manner. this was one of the factors leading to the war of 1812. the impressment act was revised in 1835, limiting compulsory service to five years and prohibiting re-impressment. these laws have never been repealed in spite of the fact that impressment has not been used by the royal navy since napoleon’s final defeat in 1815.
Privateers, английский
Or men-of-war equipped by individuals for cruising against the enemy; their commission (see letters of marque) is given by the admiralty, and revocable by the same authority. they have no property in any prize until it is legally condemned by a competent court. the admiral on the station is entitled to a tenth of their booty. this infamous species of warfare is unhappily not yet abolished among civilized nations.
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Prove, to, английский
To test the soundness of fire-arms, by trying them with greater charges than those used on service.
Prospective, or prospect glass, английский
An old term for a deck or hand telescope, with a terrestrial eye-piece. (see spy-glass.)
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