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Eye sensitivity curve
| Глоссарий по визуальному контролю и осмотру |
- Graphic expression of vision sensitivity characteristics of the human eye. in the case of a physical photometer, the curve should be equivalent to the standard observer. the required match is typically achieved by adding filters between the sensitive elements of the meter and the light source. see photopic vision. f
- Graphic expression of vision sensitivity characteristics of the human eye to monochromatic light wavelengths. in the case of a physical photometer, the curve should be equivalent to a standard observer. the required match is typically achieved by adding filters between the sensitive elements of the meter and the light source. see also mesopic vision; photopic vision; scotopic vision. f
- Photopic vision. f
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Standard observer response curve, английский
See eye sensitivity curve.
Кривая чувствительности глаз, русский
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Expression, французский
Sensitivity, английский
- Change in the response of a measuring instrument divided by the corresponding change in the stimulus (1)
- The ratio of the output of an instrument to the input (i.e. -gain).
- Defines the smallest signal detectable in the presence of systems noise
- In television, a factor expressing the incident illumination upon a specified scene required to produce a specified picture signal at the output terminals of a television camera.
- For a camera usually specified in lux to provide indication of light level required to gain a full video signal from the camera.
- A measure of the amount of light required to provide a standard video signal. sensitivity values are stated in lux (see lux) or foot-candles.
- Lens iris aperture required to provide a video output signal of standard level at a specified light input. in general, sensitivity is measured using an 89.9% reflectance grey scale chart illuminated by a 3200? k illuminance at 2000 lux (color camera) or 400 lux (b/w camera), for a video output level of 100%.
- 1. the fact of being able to detect and respond to an outside stimulus 2. the rate of positive responses in a test from persons with a specific disease. a high rate of sensitivity means a low rate of people being incorrectly classed as negative. compare specificity
- Чувствительность; сенситивность; восприимчивость специфически измененная реактивность. вероятность возникновения реакции на введение антигенов. ср. susceptibility (восприимчивость (к болезни)).
- The sensitivity of classification rule is a measure of its ability to correctly classify observations into a particular category. it is defined to be the ratio of the number of true positives to the number of positives in a test set. this value is usually inversely related to the specificity of the test for a given set of data and a particular classification rule. note that this measure is different from the positive predictive value of a rule, which is a measure of the probability that a positive is a true positive. if multiple classification categories exist, each category will have its own sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value. see also: positive predictive value, specificity.
- Чувствительность: a) различие в концентрации аналита, соответствующее наименьшему обнару-живаемому различию в реакции метода. представляется наклоном калибровоч-ной кривой. иногда ошибочно используется для обозначения предела обнаружения. b) частота истинно положительных результатов, полученных при испытании проб, в которых, насколько известно, содержится аналит [55]. c) отношение изменения показаний измерительного прибора к соответствую-щему изменению измеряемой величины. измеряемой величиной может быть, например, количество исследуемого вещества, содержащееся в пробе.
- Чувствительность. в сенсорном анализе — способность различать, идентифицировать и/или дифференцировать (качественно и/или количественно) один или более раздражителей с помощью органов чувств (предварительный стандарт мос, 12). в аналитической химии — чувствительность метода, которая (для простого-метода)- характеризуется наклоном калибровочной кривой, т. е. является дифференциалом измеряемой величины по отношению к концентрации dx/dc. чувствительность не следует путать с наименьшим количеством или наиболее низкой концентрацией, которые можно обнаружить с помощью данного метода; правильный термин для обозначения этого понятия — предел чувствительности (см. limit of detection).
- The output of a microphone in volts for a given input in sound pressure level. sensitivity can also mean the sound pressure level (spl) a loudspeaker produces at one meter when driven with one watt of pink noise.
- The degree of confidentiality of an e-mail message or calendar item, ranging from normal to confidential.
- The significance level that must be reached before a notification is sent.
- Чувствительность:
- Measure of a sensor’s ability to detect small signals. see resolution.
- Ability of a sensor or system to distinguish a signal or indication from background noise. see also probability of detection.
- Ability of a sensor or system to distinguish a signal or indication from background noise. see also probability of detection. si (international system of units): international measurement system in which the following seven
- (1) performance characteristic of a penetrant system, of a developer, or of an entire penetrant process that provides a relative measure of the ability to detect discontinuities. (2) enumerated level of performance of a penetrant system determined by applying standardized processing procedures on reference standards with known defects. (3) ability of a sensor or system to distinguish a signal or indication from background noise. compare probability of detection.
- Probability of detection.
- Ability of signal to change with small changes of measured quantity.
Characteristics, английский
- The distinguishing qualities of a navigation aid or buoy, including shape and color, whether fixed or flashing, and flashing sequence.
- A high-performance fiber with high chemical resistance that does not burn in air. it has no melting point and does not drip when exposed to flame. the fiber and fabrics from pbi retain their flexibility, dimensional stability, and significant strength without embrittlement even when exposed to flame or extreme heat. the fiber emits little smoke in extreme conditions. it processes well on conventional textile equipment, having processing characteristics similar to polyester. it can be used in 100% form or blended with other fibers. it has a high moisture regain and low modulus with comfort properties similar to cotton. the natural color of pbi is a gold-khaki shade, but it can be dyed to almost any medium to dark shade with conventional basic dyes.
- Acetate fabrics are in appearance fast-drying, wrinkle and shrinkage resistant, crisp or soft in hand depending upon the end use.
- Although modacrylics are similar to acrylics in properties and application, certain important differences exist. modacrylics have superior resistance to chemicals and combustion, but they are more heat sensitive (lower safe ironing temperature) and have a higher specific gravity (less cover).
- Although the properties of the nylons described above vary in some respects, they all exhibit excellent strength, flexibility, toughness, elasticity, abrasion resistance, washability, ease of drying, and resistance to attack by insects and microorganisms.
- Because acrylic fibers are thermoplastic, fabrics may be heat-set for wrinkle resistance and to provide permanency to pleats. acrylic fabrics have low moisture absorbency and dry relatively quickly. in general, acrylic fibers are resistant to the degrading effects of ultraviolet rays in sunlight and to a wide range of chemicals and fumes. they provide warmth in fabrics that are lightweight, soft, and resilient. acrylic fibers have relatively poor flame resistance compared with other fibers. some acrylic fabrics, particularly knit types, approximate the hand of fine wool. because of the composition and cross section of the fiber, fabrics made therefrom have a high bulk to weight ratio. this is further enhanced with the so-called “high bulk” spun yarns.
- Glass fiber is incombustible and will tolerate heat up to 1000°f without material damage. potential strength is not realized in woven fabrics or even in yarns, because the fiber is brittle and fracture points may develop, but nevertheless, very high tensile strength is obtained in woven fabrics, and is retained at elevated temperatures. the fiber originally was difficult to color but methods have been developed to accomplish this. moisture absorption is low. electrical and insulation resistance is high.
- Polychlal fibers have a soft, lamb’s wool-like hand and moderate moisture regain. the fibers are also characterized by high flame resistance and high abrasion resistance.
- Polyester fibers have high strength and are resistant to shrinking and stretching. fabrics are quick drying and tend to have wrinkle resistance and crease retention, wet and dry. polyester is used alone and in blends. it has been one of the first fibers to be developed in fabrics with durable-press features.
- Polyethylene fibers have a low specific gravity, extremely low moisture regain, the same tensile strength wet and dry, and are resistant to attack by mildew and insects. these qualities have made polyethylene fiber suitable for industrial applications, geotextiles, outdoor furniture, and similar applications. polyethylene fiber does not dye, and in most cases, it is colored by the addition of pigments and dyes to the material prior to spinning. it has a low melting point, a property that has restricted its use in apparel.
- Polypropylene fibers have a number of advantages over polyethylene fibers in the field of textile applications. the degree of crystallinity, 72 to 75%, results in a fiber that is strong and resilient, and does not fibrillate like high-density polyethylene. polypropylene has a high work of rupture, which indicates a tough fiber, and may be made with tenacities as high as 8.0 to 8.5 grams per denier. the melting point of polypropylene is 165°c, which is low by comparison with nylon or polyester, but is high enough to make it suitable for most textile applications. so light that it actually floats, polypropylene fiber provides greater coverage per pound than any other fiber. it is highly resistant to mechanical abuse and chemical attack.
- Rayon yarns are made in a wide range of types in regard to size, physical characteristics, strength, elongation, luster, handle, suppleness, etc. they may be white or solution dyed. strength is regulated by the process itself and the structure of the yarn. (also see polynosic fiber.) luster is reduced by including delustering materials, such as titanium dioxide pigments, in the fiber when it is extruded. the suppleness of the yarn is controlled by the number of filaments in the yarn, the denier or gauge of the individual filaments or fibers, and the fiber cross-section.
- Spandex is lighter in weight, more durable, and more supple than conventional elastic threads and has between two and three times their restraining power. spandex is extruded in a multiplicity of fine filaments which immediately form a monofilament. it can be repeatedly stretched over 500% without breaking and still recover instantly to its original length. it does not suffer deterioration from oxidation as is the case with fine sizes of rubber thread, and it is not damaged by body oils, perspiration, lotions, or detergents.
Photometer, английский
- Instrument that measures luminous intensity, luminous flux, light distribution or color.
- An instrument which measures luminous intensity.
- Any instrument that measures photometric quantities such as luminance, luminous intensity, luminous flux, and illumination.
- Device used to measure illuminance. the sensor is filtered such that its response closely matches the spectral responsivity curve of the human eye. in nondestructive testing, photometers measure lux. compare radiometer.
- Device used to measure luminance or illuminance. illuminance photometers are often called lux meters. photometer integral sensors are filtered such that their responsivity closely matches the spectral responsivity curve of the human eye (in other words, the action spectrum of interest). compare radiometer.
Equivalent, английский
- Эквивалент; эквивалентный
- Эквивалент (согласно так называемой доктрине эквивалентов, объект, по существу выполняющий ту же функцию тем же способом и обеспечивающий одинаковый эффект, считается эквивалентом)
- Эквивалент (согласно так называемой доктрине эквивалентов, объект, по существу выполняющий ту же
- N эквивалент; ~-lacking безэквивалентный; mono~ моноэквивалент; multi-~ мультиэквивалент | a эквивалентный translation, word absolute ~ абсолютный эквивалент occasional ~ окказиональный эквивалент regular ~ постоянный эквивалент variable ~ переменный эквивалент 1 “thunder”, образованное от “thunor”. 2 крупное литературное произведение эпического жанра; сложная, продолжительная история, включающая рад крупных событий. 3 раздел философии, изучающий основания знания. 4 повтор в конце смежных отрезков текста: “in 1931, ten years ago, japan invaded manchukuo – without warning. in 1935, italy invaded ethiopia – without warning. in 1938, hitler occupied austria – without warning. in 1939, hitler invaded czechoslovakia – without warning. later in 1939, hitler invaded poland – without warning. and now japan has attacked malaya and thailand – and the united states – without warning.” franklin d. roosevelt. 5 добавление этимологически не обусловленных звуков в конце слова.
- Эквивалент || эквивалентный
Monochromatic, английский
- Having a single wavelength or color. nanometer (nm)10-9 m. the average wavelength of white light is about 550 nanometers.
- A subject or image consisting of only one color in addition to any black, white, and gray tones. tip: the subtlety of the effect can be surprisingly powerful.
- The monochromatic scheme uses a single color. in most designs, a monochromatic scheme includes a combination of tints, tones, and shades from the same color family together with black, white and/or gray. to add depth and contrast.
- (homogeneous) of the same wavelength
- Light from a very small portion of the spectrum.
- Of a single wavelength or color.
Characteristic, английский
- Property that helps to distinguish between items of a given population (3)
- A quality which allows something to be recognised as different cancer destroys the cell’s characteristics. adjective being a typical or distinguishing quality symptoms characteristic of anaemia the inflammation is characteristic of shingles.
- N характеристика (см. тж. portrayal) articulatory ~ артикуляторная характеристика perceptual ~ перцептивная характеристика, характеристика восприятия
- Характерная особенность, признак; характеристика, особенность ~s of the loading особенности [параметры] нагружение (конструкции)
- The characteristic dimension dc
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Far vision, английский
Vision of objects at a distance, generally beyond arm’s length. compare near vision.
Eutectic liquid, английский
- Liquid metal having a proportion of metals such that two or more solid phases form at the same temperature during cooling.
- Liquid having a proportion of metals such that two or more solid phases form at the same temperature during cooling.1
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