| mullen bursting strength | - An instrument test method that measures the ability of a fabric to resist rupture by pressure exerted by an inflated diaphragm.
- An instrumental test method that measures the ability...
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| weather-ometer | An instrument used in measuring the weather resistance of textiles. it can simulate various weather conditions such as sunlight, rain, dew, and thermal-shock. |
| stop motion | - Any device that automatically stops a textile machine’s operation on the occurrence of a yarn break, high defect count, etc.
- Any device that automatically stops a textile machine’s ...
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| textile processing | - Any mechanical operation used to translate a textile fiber or yarn to a fabric or other textile material. this includes such operations as opening, carding, spinning, plying, twisting, texturi...
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| narrow fabric | - Any non-elastic woven fabric, 12 inches, or less in width, having a selvage on either side.
- Any nonelastic woven fabric, 12 inches or less in width, having a selvage on either side,...
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| weft insertion | - Any one of various methods, shuttle, rapier, water jet, etc. for making a pick during weaving.
- 1. any one of the various methods, shuttle, rapier, water jet, etc., for making a pick...
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| monofilament | - Any single filament of a manufactured fiber, usually of a denier higher than 14. rather than a group of filaments being extruded through spinnerets to form a yarn, monofilaments generally are ...
monofil; ; |
| color abrasion | Color changes in localized areas of a garment resulting from differential wear. frosting; |
| homespun | - Course plain-weave fabric of uneven yarns that have a handspun appearance.
- Coarse plain-weave fabric of uneven yarns that have a handspun appearance.
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| undrawn yarn | - Extruded yarn (filaments), the component molecules of which are substantially unorientated. an undrawn yarn exhibits predominantly plastic flow in the initial stages of stretching and represen...
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| roll goods | - Fabric rolled up on a core after it has been produced. it is describes in terms of weight and width of the roll and length of the material on the roll.
- Fabric rolled up on a core af...
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| yard goods | - Fabric sold on a retail basis by the running yard.
- Fabric sold on a retail basis by the running yard. yarn: a generic term for a continuous strand of textile fibers, filaments, or m...
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| finished fabric | - Fabric that is ready for the market, having passed through the required finishing process.
- Fabric that is ready for the market, having passed through the necessary finishing process...
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| polyamide fiber | Fully imidized, manufactured fiber formed from the condensation polymer of an aromatic anhydride and an aromatic diisocyanate. a polyamide fiber is a high shrinkage fiber. |
| woven fabric | - Generally used to refer to a fabric composed of two sets of yarns, warp and filling, that is formed by weaving, which is the interlacing of these sets of yarns. y
- Generally used to ...
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| served yarn | - In aerospace textiles, a reinforcing yarn such as graphite or glass around which two different yarns are wound. the intent is to protect, or compress the yarn bundle.
- In aerospace t...
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| drawing-in | In weaving the process of threading warp ends through the eyes of the heddles and the dents of the reed. |
| rapier looms | - Looms in which either a double or single rapier (thin metallic shaft with a yarn-gripping device) carries filament through the shed. in a single rapier machine, the yarn is carried across the ...
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| geotextiles | - Manufactured fiber products made into fabrics of various constructions for use in a wide variety of civil engineering applications. examples include erosion control fabrics, drainage fabrics, ...
asphalt overlay fabrics; drainage fabrics; erosion control fabrics; geomembrane protection fabric; reinforcement fabrics; subsurface stabilization fabrics; |
| vectran® fiber | Manufactured fiber spun from a liquid crystal polymer. these fibers have high-temperature resistance, high strength and modulus, and a high resistance to moisture and chemicals, with good property... |
| hollow filament fibers | - Manufactured, continuous filament fibers, having voids created by introduction of air, or other gas in the polymer solution, or melt spinning through specially designed spinnerets.
- ...
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| uv absorbers | - Polymer additives that absorb light in the uv region, or that trap radicals produced in fiber during photo-oxidation.
- Polymer additives that absorb light in the uv region or that tr...
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| flammability tests | - Procedures have been developed to assess the flame resistance of fabrics. three common tests follow: · diagonal flame test – in this test for flame resistance, a specimen is mounted at a 45° a...
flame resistance tests; horizontal flame test; methenamine pill test; smoke chamber test; tunnel test; vertical flame test; radiant panel test; |
| quartz fiber | Pure silica that has been melted and drawn into glass-like fibers. used for heat resistance and high dielectric strength. |
| microdenier | Refers to fibers having less than 1 denier per filament or 0.1 tex per filament. |
| colorfastness | - Resistance to fading, i.e. the ability of a dye to retain its color when the dyed or printed textile material is exposed to conditions or agents such as light, perspiration, atmospheric gases,...
fastness; |
| boil off | - See scouring
- Scouring
- Bolt: a roll or piece of fabric of varying length
scouring; |
| z twist | See twist, direction of. brm_glossary_6.13 |
| bicomponent yarns | Spun or filament yarns of two generic fibers or two variants of the same generic fiber. |
| elastomers | - Synthetic polymers having properties of natural rubber such as stretchability and recovery.
- Synthetic polymers having properties of natural rubber such as high stretchability and re...
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| dimensional stability | - The ability of textile material to maintain or return to its original geometric configuration.
- The ability of a fabric to retain its original geometric dimensions when subjected to ...
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| braid angle | - The acute angle measured from the axis of the fabric or rope to a braiding yarn.
- The acute angle measured from the axis of a fabric or rope to a braiding yarn.
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| thermal shrinkage | The amount shrinkage of a fiber measured in dry air vs. that measured in its saturated state. usually expressed as a %. |
| yardage | - The amount, or length of a fabric expressed in yards.
- The amount or length of a fabric expressed in yards.
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| fabric crimp | - The angulation induced between a yarn and a woven fabric via the weaving or braiding process.
- The angulation induced between a yarn and woven fabric via the weaving or braiding proc...
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| take-up (twist) | The change in length of a filament, yarn, or cord caused by twisting, expressed as a percentage of the original (untwisted) length. |
| denier per filament (dpf) | The denier of an individual continuous filament or an individual staple fiber if it were continuous. |
| yarn denier | The denier of filament yarn. it is the product of the denier per filament and the number of filaments in the yarn. |
| fabric construction | - The details of structure of fabric. these include such information as style, width, type of weave, or knit, yarns per inch in warp and fill, and weight of goods.
- The details of stru...
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| take-up (yarn in fabric) | The difference in distance between two points in a yarn as it lies in a fabric and the same two points after the yarn has been removed from the fabric and straightened under specified tension, exp... |
| elongation at break | - The increase in length when the last component of the specimen breaks. usually expressed as %.
- The increase in length when the last component of the specimen breaks.
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| beating–up | The last operation of the loom in weaving, in which the last pick inserted in the fabric is “beat” into position against the preceding pick, usually by a “comb-like” device called a reed. |
| fiber number | - The linear density of a fiber expressed in units such as denier or tex.
- The linear density of a fiber expressed in units such as denier or tex. (also see fineness.)
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| machine direction | - The long direction within the plane of the fabric, i.e. the direction in which the fabric is being produced by the machine.
- The long direction within the place of the fabric, i.e., ...
продольное направление; |
| extractables | - The material that can be removed from textiles by means of a solvent (water can often be a solvent).
- The material that can be removed from textiles by means of a solvent (in many ca...
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| creeling | - The mounting of supply packages in a creel to feed fiber to a process, i.e. beaming, warping, or weaving.
- The mounting of supply packages in a creel to feed fiber to a process, i.e....
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| thread count | - The number of ends (wales) and picks (courses) per inch in a woven or knitted fabric.
- In task manager, the number of threads running in a process.
- 1. the number of ends a...
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| pick count | - The number of filling picks per inch, or per centimeter of fabric. pick and end counts are two fabric specifications needed to design a fabric.
- The number of filling yarns per inch ...
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| filament count | The number of individual filaments that make up a thread or yarn. |
| wind ratio | The number of wraps that an end or ends make in traversing from one side of a wound package to the other side and back to the first side. traverse ratio; |
| doffing | - The operation of removing full packages, bobbins, spools, etc. from a machine and replacing them with empty ones.
- The operation of removing full packages, bobbins, spools, roving ca...
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| heat setting | - The process of conferring dimensional stability and other desirable properties (wrinkle resistance and improved heat resistance) by means of either moist or dry heat.
- The process of...
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| core spinning | - The process of making a core-spun yarn. it consists of feeding the core yarn into the front delivery roll of the spinning frame and of covering the core yarn with a sheath of fibers during the...
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| quilling | The process of winding filling yarns onto filling bobbins, or quills, in preparation for use in the shuttle for weaving. |
| total denier | - The product of the denier per filament and the number of filaments in the tow.
- The denier of a tow before it is crimped. it is the product of the denier per filament and the number ...
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| twist multiplier | The ratio of turns per inch to the square root of the yarn count. spin multiplier; |
| coning | The transfer of yarn from skeins or bobbins or other types of packages to cones. образование в скважине водяного конуса; |
| melt index | - The weight in grams of a thermoplastic material that can be forced through a standard orifice within a specified period of time.
- The weight in grams of a thermoplastic material that...
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| denier | - The weight, in grams, of 9000 meters of yarn. the lower the denier number the finer the size of yarn, and the higher the number the larger the size of yarn. in countries other than the usa, de...
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| three-dimensional weaving (3-d) | To produce three-dimensional textiles, yarns are simultaneously woven in three directions (length, width and thickness), rather than in the conventional two. |
| zero twist | Twistless, devoid of twist. |
| double end | - Two ends woven as one in a fabric. it may be intentional or accidental.
- Two ends woven as one in a fabric. a double end may be intentional for fabric styling, or accidental, in whic...
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| gauge wire | Used with an extra filling yarn during weaving, this type of standing wire controls the height of fabric pile. |
| denier variation | - Usually variation in diameter, or other cross-sectional dimension, along the length of a filament or bundle of filaments. malfunction or lack of process control in fiber manufacturing causes d...
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| yarn quality | - Various grades of yarn designated by the producer with respect to performance characteristics.
- Various grades of yarn designated by the producer with respect to performance characte...
first quality; |
| ultraviolet degradation | Weakening or deterioration caused by exposure to ultraviolet rays of sunlight or artificial light. actinic degradation; |
| broad goods | Woven fabrics 18 inches or more in width. |
| textured yarns | - Yarns that develop stretch and bulk on subsequent processing.
- Yarns that develop stretch and bulk on subsequent processing. when woven or knitted into fabric, the cover, hand, and o...
bulked yarn; coil yarn; crindle yarn; loopy yarn; nontorque yarn; stretch yarn; torque yarn; |
| inspection the process of examining textiles for defects at any stage of manufacturing and finishing. j |
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