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Okinawa invasion
| Морской словарь |
In april 1945, the ryukyu island chain was the next target for united states island- hopping forces. this would move the usn’s pacific war away from atolls and tropical jungles separated by great ocean expanses, and toward the population centers and cultivated terraces of asia. possession of okinawa—strategically located a mere 400 miles from japan—would enable the allies to cut japan’s access to vital sources of raw materials, while its harbors, anchorages, and airfields could be used to stage ships, troops, aircraft, and supplies for the anticipated amphibious assault on the japanese homeland. code-named operation iceberg, okinawa was the last, largest, and bloodiest amphibious operation of the pacific war. admiral raymond a. spruance’s 5th fleet—which included the british pacific fleet (see royal navy)—was the greatest naval armada ever assembled. some 1,400 vessels included more than 40 aircraft carriers, 18 battleships, 200 destroyers, hundreds of assorted support ships, and 365 amphibious vessels. more troops were put ashore, more supplies transported, more bombs dropped, and more naval guns fired against shore targets than in any other operation in the pacific. • ground combat: on 1st april 1945 two marine and two army divisions landed with little opposition. in an attempt to negate overwhelming american air and fire power, the japanese had chosen not to contest the beaches in favor of defense in depth from prepared positions in caves and tunnels on the high ground inland. naval gunfire and air bombardment were generally ineffective against these entrenchments’ leaving the troops to pit explosives and flamethrowers against determined pockets of resistance. offshore 226 monsoon rains turned contested slopes into a muddy morass that mired troops in a noxious stew of maggots feasting on unburied japanese bodies. casualties totaled more than 38,000 americans wounded and 12,000 killed or missing, more than 107,000 japanese and okinawan conscripts killed. perhaps 100,000 civilians perished, many by suicide. the battle ended on 7th september but, long before the firing stopped, engineers and seabee construction battalions, following close on the heels of the combat forces, were transforming the island into a major base for the projected invasion of the japanese homeland. • the naval battle : delay in securing the island caused consternation among naval commanders since the fleet was exposed to potential surface attack and heavy air bombardment. in fact, the japanese high command did launch “operation ten- go,” a combined air-sea suicide mission. almost 1,500 kamikaze flights sank 30 american ships and damaged 164 others. simultaneously, “super-battleship” yamato, accompanied by a cruiser and eight destroyers, was dispatched with orders to beach herself at okinawa and fight until eliminated. she never got there. intercepted by vice admiral marc mitscher’s carrier-launched air strikes, and with no protective air cover, she took twelve bombs and seven torpedoes before blowing up and sinking on 7th april 1945. the cruiser yahagi was also sunk, three destroyers were so badly damaged they had to be scuttled, and the four remaining destroyers could not return to japan. there were few survivors from this last japanese naval action of the war.
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Invasio, латинский
Invasio [onis, f], латинский
Invasio, onis, f, латинский
Invasion, английский
- The entry of bacteria into a body, or the first attack of a disease
- Dissemination of a pathogen through local tissues or throughout the body
Invasive, английский
Invasivo, invasor
Invasive cancer, английский
Cáncer invasivo, invasor
Invasive plant atlas of new england, английский
Invasiveness, английский
- Инвазивность способность микроорганизма преодолевать клеточные, тканевые и гуморальные защитные барьеры. под инвазивными заболеваниями (invasive diseases) чаще всего подразумеваются тяжелые системные заболевания.
- Инвазивность способность микроорганизма преодолевать клеточные, тканевые и гуморальные защитные барьеры. под инвазивными заболеваниями (invasive
Invasivo(a), испанский
Invasor, oris, m, латинский
Okinawa, английский
- О-ва окинава (арх. рюкю, тихий ок., япония)
- О. окинава (о-ва окинава, тихий ок., япония)
Population, английский
- A definable set of individual units to which the findings from statistical examination of a sample subset are intended to be applied. the population will generally much outnumber the sample. in re-randomisation statistics the process of applying inference
- See stock.
- A collection of units being studied. units can be people, places, objects, epochs, drugs, procedures, or many other things. much of statistics is concerned with estimating numerical properties (parameters) of an entire population from a random sample of units from the population.
- A group or number of people living within a specified area or sharing similar characteristics (such as occupation or age).
- Население; народонаселение; генеральная совокупность (в выборочном наблюдении); популяция (биол)
- Население
- 1. the number of people living in a country or town population statistics show that the birth rate is slowing down. the government has decided to screen the whole population of the area. 2. the number of patients in hospital the hospital population in the area has fallen below 10,000.
- Популяция
- Население; популяция -
- Популяция. в клинических исследованиях совокупность субъектов, обладающих какими-либо одинаковыми признаками (пол, возраст, диагноз).
- Население; популяция
- Any group of individuals, usually of a single species, occupying a given area at the same time; groups of organisms with homologue (same) alleles. p. cycle: changes in the numbers of individuals in a population which repeatedly oscillate between periods of high and low density. p. density: allowing a mathematically precise reflection - pd. • absolute: pd = number of individuals/unit area or volume [1/m2] or [1/m3] • relative: pd allows only a simple comparison (pd <, =, >, ? etc.). p. dynamics: the variations in time and space in the sizes and densities of populations; distribution due to changing food resources - the stability of a population depends upon abiotic factors, intraspecific competition (density dependent), natality, mortality etc. p. ecology: the study of the variations in time and space in the sizes and densities of populations, and of the factors causing those variations. p. fluctuation: variations over time in the size of a population. p. growth: is zero, when the birth rate equals the death rate (see carrying capacity). nt+1 = nt + r nt, current number of individuals r = (natality + immigration) - (mortality+emigration) r, intrinsic rate of growth (see density) p. pyramid: a means of illustrating the age structure of a population diagrammatically, by placing the youngest age class at the base and stacking successive age classes above it. p. regulation : a tendency in a population for some factor to cause density to increase when it is low and to decrease nt, momentary number of individuals when it is high. n0, number of individuals at start
- Generally, a collection of individuals with common characteristics. in statistics, a potentially infinite collection of independent (->independence) units that include all units of a specified type with attention paid only to the agggregate (->aggregation) property of the collection. a sample of data drawn from this population is a subset of the units constituting this population and scientific generalizations from such samples are limited by the size of the population originally specified (->model, ->representation).
- The process of scanning content to compile and maintain an index.
- Fish of the same species inhabiting a specified geographic area.
Cultivated, английский
Possession, английский
- Control of the ball.
- Владение
- When a section of track is required for maintenance and trains cannot run, it is handed over by the operators to the engineers, who take "possession". special protective measures are used to prevent access by unauthorised trains. when the track is returned to the operators, the engineers "give up possession".
- A section of line which is under the exclusive occupation of an engineer for maintenance or repairs. the engineer may run his own trains within the limits of the possession but no other trains are allowed to run within it and comprehensive safety regulations ensure that these conditions are kept.
Amphibious, английский
Амфибийный
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Old ironsides, английский
See uss constitution.
Oker, английский
A sort of red chalk used by shipwrights to mark timber when hewing and forming it. also ocher.
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