Глоссарий микробиологии содержит термины и понятия, используемые при изучении микроорганизмов, включая бактерии, вирусы, грибы и другие микроорганизмы. Он охватывает такие темы, как микробная генетика, микробный метаболизм, микробная экология и инфекционные заболевания.
| sheathed bacteria | Bacteria arranged in filaments covered with a mucilaginous sheath оболочечные бактерии; |
| hemolytic bacteria | Bacteria capable of breaking down rbcs гемолитические бактерии; |
| bioluminescent bacteria | Bacteria emitting light биолюминесцентные бактерии; |
| enterobacterales /enteric bacteria | Bacteria found in gi-tract; members of enterobacteriaceae enterobacterales; |
| bacterial culture | Bacteria grown in a culture medium бактериальная культура; |
| gliding bacteria | Bacteria having gliding motility скользящие бактерии; |
| non-culturable bacteria | Bacteria that can’t be cultured in vitro in culture media некультивируемые бактерии; |
| oxidizing bacteria | Bacteria that oxidize certain components/substrate окисляющие бактерии; |
| gram positive | Bacteria that stain purple or violet after gram staining грамположительный; |
| gram negative | Bacteria that stain red or pink after gram staining грамотрицательный; |
| amphitrichous | - Bacteria with a single flagellum at each end
- Having two flagella or tufts of multiple flagella, with one flagellum or tuft located at each end of the bacterial cell
амфитриховый; |
| taq polymerase | Bacterial polymerase enzyme derived from thermus aquaticus так-полимераза; |
| pathovar | Bacterial strain with similar characteristics except in their pathogenicity патовар; |
| phenotypic | Based on observable characters фенотипический; |
| urease test | Biochemical test to detect the production of urease enzyme by bacteria уреазный тест; |
| bio-hazard | Biological components that are hazardous биологическая опасность; |
| hemolysis | Breakdown of rbcs гемолиз; |
| liquid media | Broth/culture medium in a liquid state жидкие сми; |
| immunogenic | Capable of stimulating the immune system иммуногенный; |
| biochemical characterization | Classification of microorganisms based on biochemical characters биохимическая характеристика; |
| lancefield classification | Classification scheme of streptococcus spp. based on serological characteristics (surface antigens) классификация лэнсфилда; |
| diphtheroid | Commensal bacteria morphologically similar to c. diphtheriae дифтероид; |
| quorum sensing | - Coordinated behavior/communication in microbial/bacterial community
- Cell-to-cell communication in bacteria; enables a coordinated response from cells when the population reaches a t...
определение кворума; |
| direct microscopy | Counting of microbial cells in a sample using a microscope прямая микроскопия; |
| non-selective media | Culture media that support the growth of a wide range of media and produce similar colonies for different microbial species неселективные сми; |
| growth medium | Culture medium средний рост; |
| basal medium | Culture medium with minimum nutrition that is enriched with highly nutritious substance to make enrichment/special media базальная среда; |
| agar diffusion | Diffusion of molecules via matrix in agar medium диффузия агара; |
| junk dna | Dna whose function is not known мусорная днк; |
| archaea | - Domain of prokaryotic organisms, similar morphology to bacteria but unique biochemistry against microorganisms
- Any of various unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms, typically havin...
архея; |
| blood agar | Enriched culture medium containing blood кровавый агар; |
| esbl | Extended spectrum -lactamase; a type of -lactamase enzyme есбл; |
| cilia | Fine hair-like appendages in eukaryotes реснички; |
| fimbriae | - Fine proteinous appendages smaller than flagella
- Filamentous appendages found by the hundreds on some bacterial cells; they aid adherence to host cells
фимбрии; бахромки; |
| actinomycetes/actinobacteria | Group of filamentous bacteria актиномицеты; |
| flagella | - Hair-like protruding appendages in the microorganism that provide motility
- Long, rigid, spiral structures used by prokaryotic cells for motility in aqueous environments; composed of...
жгутики; |
| capsulated | Having capsule as the outermost layer капсулированный; |
| zoonoses | Infections transmitted by animals зоонозы; |
| blood borne infections | Infections transmitted through blood инфекции, передающиеся через кровь; |
| cidal effect | Killing of bacteria/microorganisms цидальный эффект; |
| no growth | Lack of microbial multiplication and formation of visible colonies нет роста; |
| atrichous | Lacking flagella атрихус; |
| compound microscope | - Light microscope that uses two sets of lenses
- A microscope that uses multiple lenses to focus light from the specimen
сложный микроскоп; составной микроскоп; microscope; |
| filamentous | Long thread-like morphology of microorganisms нитчатый; |
| selective media | - Media that selectively allow the growth of certain species of microorganisms while inhibiting the growth of the others
- Media that contain additives that encourage the growth of some...
выборочные сми; |
| complex media | - Media that supports the growth of broad-range of microbes
- Media that contain extracts of animals and plants that are not chemically defined
комплексные медиа; сложные медиа; |
| antibiotics | Medicines/chemicals used against bacteria/bacterial infections антибиотики; |
| antimicrobials | Medicines/chemicals used against microorganisms/microbial infections противомикробные препараты; |
| antiprotozoal | Medicines/chemicals used against protozoa/protozoan infections противопротозойный; |
| photosynthetic microorganisms | Microbes capable of conducting photosynthesis фотосинтезирующие микроорганизмы; |
| flagellates | Microbes having flagella жгутиконосцы; |
| asepted | Microbial cell lacking septa асептировано; |
| contaminated growth | Microbial culture with unwanted/uninoculated microorganisms загрязненный рост; |
| microbes | Microorganism микробы; |
| microbial flora | Microorganisms normally living in/on our body surface without causing disease микробная флора; |
| alpha (α)-hemolytic | Microorganisms partially disrupting rbcs giving greenish zone of hemolysis альфа (α)-гемолитический; |
| methanogens | Microorganisms producing methane gas during metabolism метаногены; |
| aerobes | Microorganisms requiring atmospheric oxygen for respiration/survival аэробы; |
| anaerobes | Microorganisms that can survive in absence of atmospheric oxygen анаэробы; |
| decomposers | Microorganisms that degrade complex organic matters into a simpler form разрушители; |
| indicator organisms/indicator | Microorganisms that indicate the presence of certain pathogens without actually isolating the pathogens организмы-индикаторы; |
| mesophilic | Microorganisms whose ambient growth temperature is between 20 to 450c мезофильный; |
| fluorescence microscope | - Microscope that uses a fluorescent dyed sample and sample emitted light to form a magnified image of the sample
- A microscope that uses natural fluorochromes or fluorescent stains to...
флуоресцентный микроскоп; |
| mpn | - Most probable number; a technique used to estimate viable microbial concentration in a sample
- Major project notice
мпн; |
| co-culture/consortia | Mutual growth of two different species/genera of microbes in a single culture совместная культура; |
| commensals | Normal flora комменсалы; |
| carbon source | Nutrient/component in a culture medium that provides carbon for microbial growth источник углерода; |
| obligate anaerobe | - Organism that can’t survive in presence of oxygen
- Organism that dies in the presence of oxygen
облигатный анаэроб; |
| transgenic | - Organism whose genetics have been altered by incorporation of foreign gene/dna segment
- Describing an organism into which foreign dna from a different species has been introduced трансгенный;
|
| obligate aerobe | - Organisms that can’t survive without oxygen
- Organism that requires oxygen for growth
облигат аэроб; обязательный аэроб; |
| heterotrophs | Organisms that depend on others for food/nutrition гетеротрофы; |
| thermophiles | Organisms that thrive in temperatures above 450c термофилы; |
| extremophiles | Organisms thriving in extreme environments экстремофилы; |
| thermotolerant | Organisms whose ambient temperature is below 450c but can even survive and grow in temperatures above 450c термотолерантный; |
| genetically engineered/modified | Organisms whose genes are artificially modified генетически модифицированный; |
| monoclonal | Originating from a single cell моноклональный; |
| obligate parasite | Parasite that can’t live outside the host облигатный паразит; |
