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Retrovirus
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- Retrovirus
- A virus whose genetic material contains rna from which dna is synthesised (note: the aids virus and many carcinogenic viruses are retroviruses.)
- Positive ssrna virus that produces and uses reverse transcriptase to make an ssdna copy of the retroviral genome that can then be made into dsdna and integrate into the host cell chromosome to form a provirus within the host chromosome.
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Ретровирус, русский
Название семейства рнк-вирусов, характеризующихся наличием фермента (обратной транскриптазы), который позволяет осуществлять транскрипцию рнк на днк внутри пораженной клетки. таким образом, ретровирусы могут копировать себя в клетках хозяина. самый важный ретровирус — это вирус иммунодефицита человека (вич); он воспроизводит себя в клетках хозяина: в так называемых лимфоцитах т4-хелперах, приводя к нарушению нормальных иммунных реакций.
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Chromosome, английский
- A rodshaped structure in the nucleus of a cell, formed of dna, which carries the genes comment: each human cell has 46 chromosomes, 23 inherited from each parent. the female has one pair of x chromosomes, and the male one pair of xy chromosomes, which are responsible for the sexual difference. sperm from a male have either an x or a y chromosome. if a y chromosome sperm fertilises the female’s ovum the child will be male.
- In genetic algorithms, this is a data structure that holds a sequence of task parameters, often called genes. they are often encoded so as to allow easy mutations and crossovers (i.e., changes in value and transfer between competing solutions). see also: crossover, gene, genetic algorithm, mutations.
- The structures in the nucleus of the cell, consisting of dna bound to histones and other proteins. the genes are made of dna (although most of the dna sequence is not part of any gene). genes are arranged along the chromosomes in a continuous sequence. chromosome protein structure allows for selective activation (genes are transcribed into protein) or silencing (genes are not expressed), and thus for differential expression of the genome in different cell types and expression of genes in appropriate sequences during the development of the organism or under various metabolic conditions.
- Bacteria genomic dna
- Discrete dna structure within a cell that controls cellular activities
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Rh factor, английский
- Factor rh
- Same as rhesus factor
- Red blood cell surface antigen that can trigger type ii hypersensitivity reactions
Retro-, английский
Movement backwards
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