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Model equivalence
| Глоссарий по искусственному интеллекту |
In many machine learning and data mining environments, multiple models can yield essentially the same predictions from very different sets of variables and premises. this can be referred to as model equivalence. model-free a "model-free" model, such as a neural network or a fuzzy system is a model that is too complicated to write down explicitly, or in which various behaviors of the input or output are left unspecified. for example, a simple linear regression model for three inputs and one output can be written down in a single line, whereas a multi-layer feedforward neural network could take many lines to write down and is thus model-free. the linear regression model is easily susceptible to analysis, and it is possible to determine many general optimality and other properties, while the neural net is more difficult to analyze and is thus proclaimed model-free. this usage is similar to the usage of the term nonparametric in statistics. see also: nonparametric.
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Equivalence, английский
- N эквивалентность dynamic ~ динамическая эквивалентность level of ~ уровень эквивалентности: pragmatic ~ ~ прагматический situational ~ ~ ситуационный transformational ~ трансформационный уро- вень эквивалентности
- Эквивалентность. в отношении лекарственных средств выделяют фармацевтическую (химическую) эквивалентность (см. pharmaceutical equivalence), биологическую эквивалентность (см. bioequivalence) и терапевтическую эквивалентность (см. therapeutic equivalence). встречающиеся термины: равнозначность, равноценность, взаимозаменяемость.
Equivalence class, английский
- A set of objects that share a common value for an attribute or a relation on (a subset of) their attributes. see also: extension of a concept, extension of an attribute.
- A regular expression of the form [= expr =] where expr is a collating symbol. the characters that expr matches are added to the surrounding bracket expression.
Equivalence conversion, английский
Эквивалентное преобразование
Equivalence database, английский
Эквивалентная база данных
Equivalence dependency, английский
Зависимость по эквивалентности
Equivalence gate, английский
Схема функции эквивалентности
Equivalence grammar, английский
Эквивалентная грамматика
Equivalence query, английский
In machine learning the learning program sometimes needs to test the validity of a rule with an external teacher, such as asking "are all winged animals birds?" this type of question is called an equivalence query, as it is asking if the concept of birds is equivalent to the rule "winged animals are birds." see also: concept learning, machine learning, membership query.
Equivalence ratio, английский
- Качество (топ- ливовоздушной) смеси; коэффициент избытка горючего ег erbium эрбий
- For a particular fuel-oxidant mixture, the fuel oxidant ratio of a particular mixture divided by the fuel oxidant ratio of the stoichiometric mixture.
Equivalence relation, английский
- Отношение эквивалентности
- A transitive, reflexive, and symmetric binary relation on a set u. equivalent members of u (with respect to a specific relation) are indiscernible with respect to that relation. they are in the same equivalence class. see also: indiscernible, rough set.
Equivalence request, английский
Эквивалентный запрос
Equivalence statement, английский
Оператор эквивалентности
Equivalence tests, английский
Equivalence zone, английский
Region where the antibody–antigen ratio produces the greatest amount of precipitin in a precipitin reaction
Model, английский
- Modèle
- Theoretical abstraction, usually capable of mathematical manipulation, used to evaluate a problem or a subject of interest (22).
- A mathematical equation that describes the behavior of a process as a function of its important characteristics.
- Модель
- Модель (такое описание системы, которым можно оперировать с целью измерить влияние изменения одной или нескольких переменных величин,, действующих в данной системе)
- 1. a representation in mathematical terms of a process, device, or concept. 2. an academic model; a program with a certain set of procedures or elements which can be duplicated by others in their institutions.
- N модель acquisition ~ модель усвоения cognitive ~ когнитивная модель markov ~ модель маркова1: hidden ~ ~ скрытая variable order ~ ~ переменного порядка milton ~ псхл. милтон-модель2 ~ of the world псхл. модель мира3 perceptual ~ модель восприятия propositional ~ пропозициональная модель translation ~ модель перевода
- A mathematical, logical, or physical representation of a physical item or process or a concept. a model is typically abstract, in that it represents only a subset of relevant features of the thing it is intended to represent.
- Двух- или трехмерное представление объекта. модель является представлением тела, поверхности, сети, каркаса или области autocad.
- The pinnacle form or ideal type of individual, used as an inspiring example of success. usually a person in a leadership role, the model type inspires others to achieve more through hard work and dedication.
Model, английский
Model, английский
Model, русский
Model (of sorts), английский
Model adequacy, английский
Адекватность модели model-based основанный на модели model-based analysis анализ на основе использования модели; исследования по модели
Model aircraft target system, английский
Хмалогабаритный дпла-мишень «мэтс»
Environments, английский
Essentially, английский
- По существу; главным образом см. substantially
- No существу; главным образом
Complicated, английский
Unspecified, английский
A неопределенный subject
Regression, английский
- Statistical technique used to evaluate relationships among variables (22).
- Регрессия
- 1. a stage where symptoms of a disease are disappearing and the person is getting better 2. (in psychiatry) the process of returning to a mental state which existed when the person was younger
- Regression commonly refers to the process of developing an empirical (data-driven) model to predict and/or explain one or more attributes in a database or set of data. it is most frequently associated with the simple linear model (y=mx+b) taught in most introductory statistics courses; the same ideas have been extended in many directions, including classification problems. when the emphasis is on hypothesis testing and simple models, the regression output is typically a few parameters that provide a direct linkage from the input variables to the predicted variables (or classification). in other situations the emphasis is on explaining as much of the variability in the output variables as is "reasonable" from the input variables. in this case, there are a number of "advanced" techniques, such as smoothing splines, decision trees, neural nets, and so forth, for which there are many "free" parameters. the meaning of any one of these parameters can be obscure. many data mining techniques are, at their core, variations on well-known regression techniques. see also: classification, clustering, decision trees, neural nets.
- The reappearance of a previously fixed problem.
- The statistical process of predicting one or more continuous variables, such as profit or loss, based on other attributes in the dataset.
- A mathematical technique used to explain and/or predict. the general form is y = a + bx + u, where y is the variable that we are trying to predict; x is the variable that we are using to predict y, a is the intercept; b is the slope, and u is the regression residual. the a and b are chosen in a way to minimize the squared sum of the residuals. the ability to fit or explain is measured by the r-square.
- A seaward retreat of a shoreline, generally expressed as a seaward
Feedforward, английский
Susceptible, английский
Optimality, английский
Оптимальность
Properties, английский
- A dockable window that displays the properties that are set on the selected object. in most cases, the property values can be edited in the window.
- A ui element that users can click to display information about a selected object.
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Membership query, английский
In machine learning, the learner sometimes needs to query an external source to ask questions of a "teacher." when it asks a question such as "is a robin a bird" while trying to learn the concept of bird, it is performing a membership query. see also: concept learning, equivalence query, machine learning. merge-purge a knowledge discovery in databases-based (kdd-based) system developed in the mid-1990s to identify duplicate records in large databases. it has been successfully applied to the identification of duplicate welfare claims in data from the welfare department of the state of washington. see also: knowledge discovery in databases. merge/purge problem in knowledge discovery in databases (kdd) and data warehousing, a common problem involves the merging of multiple large databases from different sources, with different representations. the data has to be cleaned and joined into a single homogeneous whole before the kdd process can begin. this important process is known by several names, including the merge/purge problem, record linkage, instance identification, semantic integration, and data cleansing.
Coreference resolution, английский
In natural language processing, this is the process of determining which phrases in a body of text refer to the same thing. in the text, "frank went to the store. it was a nice day and he bought a loaf of bread. it was rye", the program needs to determine that the first "it" refers to the particular time when the event occurred, the second "it" refers to the load of bread, and that "he" refers to frank. in the text, ``john got a saturn. he needed the car for work", the phrase "a saturn" and "the car" are coreferences.
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