|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Price cap excessive returns
| Глоссарий терминов коммунальных услуг |
Since a pure price cap regulation can result in a firm obtaining very high realized rates of return under favorable scenarios (and successful cost-cutting), regulators sometimes adopt a hybrid scheme that can involve sharing high returns with customers if those returns exceed a trigger point. in addition, a maximum return can be specified if there are negative political consequences to high reported returns. note, such sharing rules or caps on returns dampens the firm’s incentives for cost containment-leading to incentives similar to those under rate of return regulation.
|
Чрезмерные доходы от потолка цен, русский
В связи с тем, что чистое регулирование предельной цены может привести к получению фирмой очень высокой нормы прибыли при благоприятном сценарии (и успешном сокращением расходов), регулирующие органы иногда применяют гибридную схему, которая может включать разделение высокого дохода с покупателями, если эти доходы превышают целевой показатель. кроме того, может быть установлен уровень максимального дохода, если отражение высоких доходов в бухгалтерской отчетности приведет к негативным политическим последствиям. следует обратить внимание на то, что такие правила разделения или ограничения доходов подавляют стимулы фирмы к сдерживанию роста расходов, что приводит к ситуации, аналогичной с регулированием нормы доходности.
|
Regulation, английский
- A rule or order prescribed for management or government
- Регулирование
- Регулирование, правило, постановление
- Any rule prescribing permitted or forbidden conduct, whether established by legislation or the action of an administrative agency; also
- The act of regulating the regulation of the body’s temperature
- Any systematic (rule-like or determinate) behavior of one part of a system that tends to restrict the fluctuations in behavior of another part of that system. while both parts must lie in the same feedback loop, regulation involves this basic asymmetry
- The process whereby the designated government authority provides oversight and establishes rules for firms in an industry. regulation places constraints on behavior, establishes good (or bad) incentives, and addresses issues that are politically contentious. decisions are implemented through a rule or order issued by an executive authority or regulatory agency of a government and having the force of law.
- Норма
- A rule or order issued by governmental executive authorities or regulatory agencies and having the force of law. regulations implement policies and are mostly specifi c for particular groups of people, legal entities or targeted activities. regulation is also the act of designing and imposing rules or orders. informational, transactional, administrative and political constraints in practice limit the regulator’s capability for implementing preferred policies.
- The order in which trains are run in practice so as to minimise delay
Successful, английский
It`s the combos of repeated consonants that can make spelling successful, well, unsuccessful. just know that it has the doubles in the middle (two "s`s" and two "c`s"), but only one consonant at the beginning and one at the end.
Regulators, английский
- Органы регулирования
- A term used to refer to members of a government agency responsible for monitoring sector performance, addressing stakeholder concerns, and implementing government policies. an individual regulator may serve as a member of a commission that is responsible for balancing the interests of producers, consumers, and political officials.
Consequences, английский
Containment, английский
- Specific us cold war foreign policy aimed at limiting the spread of communism
- The blocking by one nation of another nation’s attempts to spread influence—especially the efforts of the united states to block the spread of soviet communism during the late 1940s and early 1950s.
- 1. action taken to restrict the spread of something undesirable or dangerous such as a disease government policy of containment of the sars virus 2. the eradication of a global disease such as smallpox by removing it region by region
- Сдерживание; контаинмент
- Меры предосторожности в опытах по генной инженерии
|
Market imperfections, английский
Situations that differ from those that characterize efficient competitive markets. market power is inconsistent with perfect competition. also, when consumers are not aware of the consequences of decisions on their own health or well-being (e.g., unhealthy food or unsafe products), such consumer ignorance is sometimes viewed as a market imperfection. such imperfections provide a potential justification for government intervention (and antitrust and product labeling, in the above cases). see also market failures for another category of problems.
Revenue cap, английский
Similar to a price cap, except the constraint is placed on total revenue rather than a particular price or basket of prices. the formula can include an inflation adjustment and an efficiency (or, x) factor. in the case of electricity, the distribution or transmission company is not harmed financially when consumers engage in energy conservation. such caps provide a disincentive for increasing quantity sold (perhaps through quality enhancements) since such developments do not benefit firms under a revenue cap. this regulatory mechanism is often applied to links in a network, where most of the costs are fixed in nature.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
