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Belief net
| Глоссарий по искусственному интеллекту |
Used in probabilistic expert systems to represent relationships among variables, a belief net is a directed acyclic graph (dag) with variables as nodes, along with conditionals for each arc entering a node. the attribute(s) at the node are the head of the conditionals, and the attributes with arcs entering the node are the tails. these graphs are also referred to as bayesian networks (bn) or graphical models. see also: bayesian network, graphical model.
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Belief, английский
- Creencia
- A freely available program for the manipulation of graphical belief functions and graphical probability models. as such, it supports both belief and probabilistic manipulation of models. it also allows second-order models (hyper-distribution or meta-distribution). a commercial version is in development under the name of graphical-belief. see also: belief function, graphical model.
Belief about beliefs, английский
Представление о представлениях; убеждения относительно убеждений belief-invoked interpretation рассуждение на основе принятых убеждений; интерпретация от фактов; вывод снизу вверх
Belief chain, английский
A belief net whose directed acyclic graph (dag) can be ordered as in a list, so that each node has one predecessor, except for the first which has no predecessor, and one successor, except for the last which has no successor (see figure b.1.). figure b.1 —
Belief change flexibility, английский
The ability to try out new beliefs for a short time to test their usefulness.
Belief core, английский
The core of a set in the dempster-shafer theory is that probability is directly assigned to a set but not to any of its subsets. the core of a belief function is the union of all the sets in the frame of discernment which have a non-zero core (also known as the focal elements). suppose our belief that one of fred, tom, or paul was responsible for an event is 0.75, while the individual beliefs were b(fred)=.10, b(tom)=.25, and b(paul)=.30. then the uncommitted belief would be 0.75- (0.1+0.25+0.30) = .10. this would be the core of the set {fred, tom, paul}. see also: belief function, communality number.
Belief function, английский
In the dempster-shafer theory, the probability certainly assigned to a set of propositions is referred to as the belief for that set. it is a lower probability for the set. the upper probability for the set is the probability assigned to sets containing the elements of the set of interest and is the complement of the belief function for the complement of the set of interest (i.e., pu(a)=1 -bel(not a).) the belief function is that function which returns the lower probability of a set. belief functions that can be compared by considering that the probabilities assigned to some repeatable event are a statement about the average frequency of that event. a belief function and upper probability only specify upper and lower bounds on the average frequency of that event. the probability addresses the uncertainty of the event, but is precise about the averages, while the belief function includes both uncertainty and imprecision about the average. see also: dempster-shafer theory, quasi-bayesian theory.
Belief revision, английский
Belief revision is the process of modifying an existing knowledge base to account for new information. when the new information is consistent with the old information, the process is usually straightforward. when it contradicts existing information, the belief (knowledge) structure has to be revised to eliminate contradictions. some methods include expansion which adds new ``rules" to the database, contraction which eliminates contradictions by removing rules from the database, and revision which maintains existing rules by changing them to adapt to the new information. see also: nonmonotone logic.
Belief system, английский
Sistema de creencias
Belief vector, английский
Доверительный вектор
Belief, faith; doctrine, английский
Beliefs, английский
- N pl псхл. убеждения benefactive и beneficiary
- Statements we think are true but cannot (or have not bothered to) check. see ‘logical levels’.
- Robert dilts defined beliefs as: closely held generalisations about (1) cause, (2) meaning, (3) boundaries in a) the world around us b) our behaviour c) our capabilities, and d) our identities.
Net, английский
- Сеть; сетка; чистый; располагаемый
- Network
- New equipment training
- Not earlier than
- New electronic titles (us gpo)
- Hemp, jute or nylon cord draped over the frame of the goal and extending behind it; also used to refer to the goal itself.
- Сетевой график см. network; network plan; network diagram
- The -sanctioned way to refer to the internet for the initiated.
- N сеть semantic ~ семантическая сеть neuro-linguistic a нейролингвистический programming neurolinguistics n нейролингвистика neurophysiology n нейрофизиология neuropsychologic(al) a мед. нейропсихологический
- In commerce, is the weight of a commodity alone, without the package.
- [1] a crisscross grid of rope or line used for fishing or to secure hammocks, sails, etc. [2] a heavy mesh screen, often suspended from floating booms, navy 218 placed across the entrance of a harbor for protection against hostile vessels, submarines, and torpedoes, or as and gear. [3] telecommunications links and nodes arranged so that messages may be passed from one part of the network to another. [4] slang for the internet. [5] the amount remaining after certain deductions or allowances have been made.
- Чистая радиация. баланс. см. radiation, ¦1,1.2 radiation, net — чистая радиация radiation, coherent — когерентное излучение. излучение, совпадающее по фазе (когерентное по фазе) /см. laser — лазер. radiation, diffuse solar (or sky radiation) — рассеянная солнечная радиация (или излучение неба). нисходящая рассеянная и отраженная солнечная радиация, поступающая от всего небесного свода за исключением телесного угла, стягиваемого солнечным диском (вмо). radiation, downward (total) — нисходящая радиация (общая). солнечная радиация и излучение от земли, направленные вниз (к земной поверхности ) (вмо). radiation, gamma — гамма-излучение. электромагнитное излучение, испускаемое в процессе ядерного перехода или аннигиляции частиц (мос, 5). обладает высокой проникающей способностью. см. radiation — радиация, излучение. radiation, ionizing — ионизирующая радиация. любое излу чение, состоящее из частиц, способных вызывать прямую или непрямую ионизацию, или из смеси тех и других частиц. час тицы, вызывающие прямую ионизацию, представляют собой заряженные частицы (электроны, протоны, альфа-частицы и т. д.), обладающие достаточной кинетической энергией для того, чтобы вызвать ионизацию при столкновении с ними (ударная ионизация). частицы, вызывающие непрямую иони зацию, — это незаряженные частицы (нейтроны, фотоны и т. д.), которые способны выделять непосредственно ионизи рующие частицы или инициировать ядерные превращения (мкре). источники ионизирующей радиации в атмосфере могут быть как естественными (например, космические лучи и распад радиоактивных элементов в земле), так и антропо генными (например, ядерные взрывы и аварийный выброс из ядерных реакторов). ионизирующая радиация может вызы вать серьезные повреждения клеток и развитие злокачест венных новообразований, поэтому воздействие ее на человека должно быть взято под строгий контроль. •¦¦ - ` radiation, monochromatic — монохроматическое излучение. излучение, состоящее главным образом из света одной длины волны (или очень узкого пучка волн). radiation, net (or radiation balance) — чистая радиация (или радиационный баланс). разность между нисходящей и восходящей (общей и земной) радиацией, чистый поток всех видов излучения (вмо). чистая радиация считается положитель- 8-шз па
- Нетто; чистый
Net, английский
Net (network), английский
Сеть.
Net -, английский
Сетчатый свод
Net acquisitions of financial assets, английский
Чистые приобретения финансовых активов (в снс; стоимость приобретения финансовых активов за вычетом использования финансовых активов экономическими единицами — участниками сделок)
Net amount, английский
The amount including all deductions, charges, and adjustments.
Net and coble, английский
The means by which sasses or flood-gates are allowed in fishings on navigable rivers.
Net angle of attack; effective angle of attack, английский
Net annual growth, английский
Increase in volume of trees during a specified year. components of net annual growth include the increment of net volume of trees at the beginning of the specified year that survive to the year s end, plus the net volume of trees reaching the minimum size
Probabilistic, английский
- Вероятностный
- Attribute of non-deterministic systems whose transitions between states follow known or ascertainable probabilities (->probability). the ergodic behavior of probabilistic systems is describable as a markov chain. probabii.ity
Relationships, английский
The lifestyle subcategory containing apps to help you with your personal relationships.
Relationship, английский
- Отношение: соотношение; связь; взаимоотношение; взаимосвязь
- Отношение, степень родства
- A way in which someone or something is connected to another the incidence of the disease has a close relationship to the environment. he became withdrawn and broke off all relationships with his family.
- Зависимость, соотношение
- A connection between objects.
- A logical connection between entities.
- A smartart graphic layout type that includes layouts designed to illustrate connections.
- An association established between common fields (columns) in two tables. a relationship can be one-to-one, many-to-many, or one-to-many.
Conditional, английский
- Условный
- A условный | n 1 усло- вие2; 2 грм. а) условное наклонение (син. ~ mood), б) условная связь (син. ~ conjunction); 3 лог. условное высказывание mood, sentence
- In probabilistic expert systems, a collection of conditional distributions for the same group of variables (referred to as the head) over all of the states of a conditioning set of variables (referred to as the tail). the conditional distribution of height and weight for various mutually exclusive groupings of age and sex would be a conditional, with height and weight as the head variables and age and sex the tail variables. see also: slice.
- A control structure such as an if-statement or case-statement that conditionally executes a block of code
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Forward propagation, английский
Used in neural networks to mean prediction. see also: artificial neural network.
Choquet capability, английский
Used in quasi-bayesian models for uncertainty, a positive function v(x) is a (2-monotone) choquet capability if v(empty set) = 0, v(universe)=1, and v(x or y) = v(x) + v(y) - upper(v(x and y)). a lower probability that is also 2-monotone choquet is also a lower envelope, and can be generated from a convex set of probability distributions. a n-monotone choquet probability is also a dempster-shafer belief function. see also: belief function, lower/upper probability, lower envelope, quasi-bayesian theory.
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