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Viscosity index/vi
| Глоссарий терминов смазочных материалов |
Common measure of changes in viscosity with temperature; the higher the viscosity index, the smaller the relative change in viscosity with temperature.
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Viscosity, английский
- Viscosité
- Measurement of a fluid`s resistance to flow. the common metric unit of absolute viscosity is the poise, which is defined as the force in dynes required to move a surface one square centimeter in area past a parallel surface at a speed of one centimeter per second, with the surfaces separated by a fluid film one centimeter thick. in addition to kinematic viscosity, there are other methods for determining viscosity, including saybolt universal viscosity (suv), saybolt furol viscosity, engier viscosity, and redwood viscosity. since viscosity varies in inversely with temperature, its value is meaningless until the temperature at which it is determined is reported.
- Вязкость
- A measure of resistance to flow in a liquid (molasses in january has high viscosity while molasses in august has lower viscosity).
- The ratio of the shear stress existing between laminae of moving fluid and the rate of shear between these laminae.
- The internal frictional resistance exhibited by a fluid in resisting a force which tends to cause the liquid to flow.
- The state of a liquid which moves slowly
- The resistance of a liquid to flow.
- Вязкость. мера внутреннего сопротивления материала потоку. вязкость снижается с повышением температуры (мос, 4). в метеорологии и исследованиях по загрязнению атмосферного воздуха она определяется как коэффициент ц в выражении x = r{du/dh), где т — напряжение сдвига, выражаемое через силу на единицу площади (в единицах си — паскаль, па), п — средняя скорость ветра и h — высота. эту величину следует называть «вязкостью», но не «динамической вазкостью». кинематическая вязкость — вязкость, деленная на плотность жидкости. турбулентная вязкость в метеорологии — вязкость, обусловленная взаимодействием вихревых движений в турбулентном потоке. эти вихревые движения влияют на обмен количества движения между соседними слоями, аналогичный (но в значительно более широких масштабах) обмену молекулами при молекулярной вязкости (вмо).
- The internal flow resistance of a fluid. (also see intrinsic viscosity and relative viscosity.)
- The resistance of a fluid to flow, which can be estimated by using a marsh funnel.
- S measure of a fluid`s resistance to flow. in the si system, the viscosity units are ns/m2, pa s or kg/(m s)
- The measure of a liquid’s ability to flow under varying temperature conditions. in automobiles, viscosity most often refers to the “weight” of a motor oil, which is designated using number and letter grades established by the society of automotive engineers. oils with low numbers such as 5w or 10w flow easily at low temperatures (the “w” stands for winter). oils with high numbers such as 30 or 40
- Measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow. this is typically measured as the time required for a standard quantity of fluid at a certain temperature to flow through a standard orifice. the higher the value, the more viscous the fluid. viscosity varies inversely with temperature, so the measurements are always expressed together. tests are typically conducted at 40°c and 100°c.
- Measure of the resistance to flow, or internal friction, of a fluid. viscosity changes with temperature so the temperature at which the measure has made must always be specified. see also apparent viscosity, kinematic viscosity.
- The property of a fluid, semi-fluid or semi-solid substance that causes it to resist flow. its numerical value is based on the ratio of shear stress to the rate of shear during flow. the standard unit of absolute viscosity in the english system is the reyn, expressed as lb-s/in.2. the standard unit of viscosity in the cgs and iso system is the poise, expressed as dyne-s/cm2. conversion from one
- A measurement of a liquids resistance to change of shape or flow. also referred to as flow resistance.
- Quality, state or degree of being viscous. that property of a body by virtue of which, when flow occurs inside it, forces arise in such a direction as to opposite the flow.
- The resistance of a fluid to deformation by shear or tensile stress. lower viscosity equates to greater fluidity.
- Measure of the resistance of liquid to deform under shear stress.
- Kinematic viscosity.
- Used to describe a fluid’s resistance to flow. for example, a highly viscous fluid won’t flow as easily as one with a low viscosity.
Viscosity, английский
Viscosity coefficient, английский
Viscosity dilution, английский
The reduction of lubricant viscosity caused by contamination with water or other substances.
Viscosity dynamic, английский
Viscosity grade, английский
Any of a number of systems which characterize lubricants according to viscosity for particular applications, such as industrial oils, gear oils, automotive engine oils, automotive gear oils, and aircraft piston engine oils.
Viscosity index, английский
- Показатель вязкости
- The measure of the rate of change of viscosity with temperature. heating tends to make lubricants thinner; cooling makes them thicker. the higher the viscosity index is on a particular fluid, the less of a change in viscosity there will be over a given temperature range. in determining the viscosity index, two temperatures of viscosity are taken, one at 40°c and the other at 100°c.
Viscosity index (vi), английский
- A commonly used measure of a fluid`s change of viscosity with temperature. the higher the viscosity index, the smaller the relative change in viscosity with temperature.
- An arbitrary scale used to show the relative magnitude of viscosity changes with temperature. higher vi oils have less change in viscosity with temperature.
Viscosity index improver (vii), английский
Lubricant additive, usually a high molecular weight polymer, that reduces an oil’s tendency to change viscosity with change of temperature.
Viscosity index improvers, английский
Additives that increase the viscosity of the fluid throughout its useful temperature range. such additives are polymers that possess thickening power as a result of their high molecular weight and are necessary for formulation of multi-grade engine oils.
Viscosity kinematic, английский
Viscosity meter; viscosimeter, английский
Viscosity modifier, английский
Lubricant additive, usually a high molecular weight polymer, that reduces the tendency of an oil`s viscosity to change with temperature.
Viscosity-temperature relationship, английский
The manner in which the viscosity of a given fluid varies inversely with temperature. because of the mathematical relationship that exists between these two variables, it is possible to predict graphically the viscosity of a petroleum fluid at any temperature within a limited range if the viscosities at two other temperatures are known. the charts used for this purpose are the astm standard viscosity-temperature charts for liquid petroleum products, available in 6 ranges. if two know viscosity-temperature points of a fluid are located on the chart and a straight line drawn through them, other viscosity-temperature values of the fluid will fall on this line; however, values near or below the cloud point of the oil may deviate from the straight-line relationship.
Temperature, английский
- Température
- Dry-bulb - temperature of air as indicated by a standard thermometer.
- An expression of thermal energy density. how hot or cold an object is.
- The measure of the intensity of heat that a substance possesses.
- Температура
- Температура тмр test methods and procedures методы проведения испытаний и последовательность их проведения тмр theodolite measuring point кинотеодолитная станция
- Temperatura, fiebre
- The condition attained when the wetted wick of a wet-bulb thermometer has reached a stable and constant temperature when exposed to moving air in excess of 900 ft (274.3 m) per minute.
- 1. the heat of the body or of the surrounding air, measured in degrees the doctor asked the nurse what the patient’s temperature was. his temperature was slightly above normal. the thermometer showed a temperature of 99°f. to take a patient’s temperature to insert a thermometer in someone’s body to see what his or her body temperature is they took his temperature every four hours. when her temperature was taken this morning, it was normal. 2. illness when your body is hotter than normal he’s in bed with a temperature. her mother says she’s got a temperature, and can’t come to work. comment: the average body temperature is about 37° celsius or 98° fahrenheit. this temperature may vary during the day, and can rise if a person has taken a hot bath or had a hot drink. if the environmental temperature is high, the body has to sweat to reduce the heat gained from the air around it. if the outside temperature is low, the body shivers, because rapid movement of the muscles generates heat. a fever will cause the body temperature to rise sharply, to 40°c (103°f) or more. hypothermia exists when the body temperature falls below about 35°c (95°f).
- Повышение температуры бетона ~ of truss высота фермы jet ~ высота подъёма горизонтальной неизотермической приточной струи, «всплывающей» над приточным отверстием
- Температура ~ of adiabatic saturation температура адиабатического насыщения
- Normal adult temperature varies among horses, but will usually range in degrees from 99.5°f to 100.5°f.
- A measure of the average kinetic energy of a material. the standard unit of temperature is a kelvin, (k). temperature determines the direction of heat flow between any two systems in thermal contact. heat will always flow from the area of higher temperature (t source) to one of lower temperature (t sink). temperature gradient (?t)
- A measure of the degree of molecular motion of a material compared to a reference point. temperature is measured in degrees farenheit (melting point of ice = 32 º f, boiling point of water = 212 º f) or degrees celsius (melting point of ice = 0 º c, boiling point of water = 100 º c).
- The degree of sensible heat of a body as measured by a thermometer or similar instrument.
- Measure of the intensity of particle motion in degrees celsius (°c) or degrees fahrenheit (°f) or, in the absolute scale, kelvin (k), where the increment of 1 k = 1 °c = 1.8 °f.
- Temperature of surrounding atmosphere. also called dry bulb temperature. compare standard atmospheric conditions. ampere (a): si unit of electric current. ampere per meter (a·m–1): si derived unit of magnetic field intensity. the measurement 1 a·m–1, for example, describes a current of 1 a flowing through a coil that is 1 m in diameter. compare oersted. ampere turn (at): in magnetic particle testing, unit for expressing the magnetomotive force required for magnetization using a coil in terms of the product of the number of coil turns and the current in amperes flowing through the coil. amplitude, echo: in ultrasonic testing, the vertical height of a received signal on an a-scan, measured from base to peak for a video presentation or from peak to peak for a radio frequency presentation.
- Measure of the intensity of particle motion in degrees celsius (°c), degrees fahrenheit (°f) or, in the absolute scale, kelvin (k) or degrees rankine (°r). an increment of 1 k = 1 °c = 1.8 °r = 1.8 °f. compare heat.
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Volatile organic/voc, английский
As potential hazard or pollutant, applies to any carbon compound that can be evaporated using standard test methods, except for carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, metallic carbides or carbonates and ammonium carbonate. because of the complexities involved in measuring voc, no universal definition has been formulated. voc control is often enforced by local government agencies. volatility – the tendency of a fluid to evaporate. high evaporation rate means high volatility.
Viscometer/viscosimeter, английский
An apparatus for determining the viscosity of a fluid.
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