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Hysteresis
| Meteorological Glossary |
- The difference noted in a sensor's output as a response to first an increasing, and then a decreasing, input signal of the same value. if yi is the value of the output with an increasing input of value x, and yd is the value of the output with decreasing
- As applied to timber's moisture content, the tendency of dried wood to reach equilibrium with any specified temperature and relative humidity at a lower moisture content when absorbing moisture from a drier state than when losing moisture from a wetter st
- Гистерезис
- Гистерезис, гистерезисная петля (напр, на диаграмме растяжения)
- 1. in tire cord, a measurement of work lost through heat during dynamic operation. 2. in tensile testing, loss of linear recovery following repeated loading and relaxation. i
- Used to characterize a lagging effect. firms may fail to enter markets that appear attractive, or firms that are once invested in a market may persist in operating at a loss. the effect is characteristic of investments with high entry and exit costs along with high uncertainty. i harvey`s hypertextual finance glossary copyright © 2020. all worldwide rights reserved. do not reproduce without explicit permission. keep up to date on the latest finance lingo with the new ipad/iphone app download from itunes order the book with the 2002 pulitzer prize winner for financial writing, gretchen morgenson of the new york times order via amazon order via barnes and noble a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y # z
- The stress/strain curves are different for loading and unloading.
- Apparent lagging of the magnetic effect when the magnetizing force acting on a ferromagnetic body is changed; phenomenon exhibited by a magnetic system wherein its state is influenced by its previous history.
- Lagging of a ferromagnetic test object’s magnetization under the influence of a changing external magnetic field intensity; phenomenon exhibited by a magnetic system wherein its state is influenced by its previous history.4
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Гистерезис, русский
(от греч . hysteresis - отставание), запаздывание изменения физической величины, характеризующей состояние вещества (намагниченности м ферромагнетика, поляризации p сегнетоэлектрика и т. п.), от изменения другой физической величины, определяющей внешние условия (напряженности магнитного h и электрического e полей). гистерезис наблюдается в тех случаях, когда состояние тела определяется внешними условиями не только в данный момент времени, но и в предшествующие моменты. наиболее важны: магнитный гистерезис, сегнетоэлектрический гистерезис и упругий гистерезис. неоднозначная зависимость m от h, p от e и др. при циклическом изменении h, e и др. изображается петлей гистерезиса.
Histéresis, испанский
Гистерезис;, русский
Неоднозначная зависимость; область неоднозначности, русский
Magnetic hysteresis, английский
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Difference, английский
- Disagreement, inequity, contrast, dissimilarity, incompatibility
- Разница; разность
- An important army term, meaning firstly the sum to be paid by officers when exchanging from the half to full pay; and, secondly, the price or difference in value of the several commissions.
Increasing, английский
Equilibrium, английский
- Равновесие
- The state of being equally balanced; a state of a body in which the forces acting on it are equally balanced.
- A state of balance
- Равновесие, равновесное состояние ~ of forces равновесие сил
- Literally balance, here balance of forces acting on each other. in a static equilibrium forces compensate each other so that the system is motionless, e.g., a scale at rest. if forces do not compensate each other fully at one instant in time, a system moves until it encounters higher-order constraints, e.g, after starting an engine, it accelerates to a point at which energy supply and work load plus friction are again in balance. in such a dynamic equilibrium, forces complement each other dynamically so that the system`s behavior is repetitive, predictable, does not generate new states and the trajectory follows a regular cycle. e.g., mass production at a well-worked out assembly line, sterotypical conversation within a 28 family, routine administrative procedures. a system may have several distinct equilibria (->polystability). a system in equilibrium conveys no information. one important equilibrium property is stability. homeostasis is a process of interaction favouring an equilibrium.
- The stable state of the system. see: attractor.
- A state of balance in which there is no tendency for change. see disequilibrium.
Temperature, английский
- Température
- Dry-bulb - temperature of air as indicated by a standard thermometer.
- An expression of thermal energy density. how hot or cold an object is.
- The measure of the intensity of heat that a substance possesses.
- Температура
- Температура тмр test methods and procedures методы проведения испытаний и последовательность их проведения тмр theodolite measuring point кинотеодолитная станция
- Temperatura, fiebre
- The condition attained when the wetted wick of a wet-bulb thermometer has reached a stable and constant temperature when exposed to moving air in excess of 900 ft (274.3 m) per minute.
- 1. the heat of the body or of the surrounding air, measured in degrees the doctor asked the nurse what the patient’s temperature was. his temperature was slightly above normal. the thermometer showed a temperature of 99°f. to take a patient’s temperature to insert a thermometer in someone’s body to see what his or her body temperature is they took his temperature every four hours. when her temperature was taken this morning, it was normal. 2. illness when your body is hotter than normal he’s in bed with a temperature. her mother says she’s got a temperature, and can’t come to work. comment: the average body temperature is about 37° celsius or 98° fahrenheit. this temperature may vary during the day, and can rise if a person has taken a hot bath or had a hot drink. if the environmental temperature is high, the body has to sweat to reduce the heat gained from the air around it. if the outside temperature is low, the body shivers, because rapid movement of the muscles generates heat. a fever will cause the body temperature to rise sharply, to 40°c (103°f) or more. hypothermia exists when the body temperature falls below about 35°c (95°f).
- Повышение температуры бетона ~ of truss высота фермы jet ~ высота подъёма горизонтальной неизотермической приточной струи, «всплывающей» над приточным отверстием
- Температура ~ of adiabatic saturation температура адиабатического насыщения
- Normal adult temperature varies among horses, but will usually range in degrees from 99.5°f to 100.5°f.
- A measure of the average kinetic energy of a material. the standard unit of temperature is a kelvin, (k). temperature determines the direction of heat flow between any two systems in thermal contact. heat will always flow from the area of higher temperature (t source) to one of lower temperature (t sink). temperature gradient (?t)
- A measure of the degree of molecular motion of a material compared to a reference point. temperature is measured in degrees farenheit (melting point of ice = 32 º f, boiling point of water = 212 º f) or degrees celsius (melting point of ice = 0 º c, boiling point of water = 100 º c).
- The degree of sensible heat of a body as measured by a thermometer or similar instrument.
- Measure of the intensity of particle motion in degrees celsius (°c) or degrees fahrenheit (°f) or, in the absolute scale, kelvin (k), where the increment of 1 k = 1 °c = 1.8 °f.
- Temperature of surrounding atmosphere. also called dry bulb temperature. compare standard atmospheric conditions. ampere (a): si unit of electric current. ampere per meter (a·m–1): si derived unit of magnetic field intensity. the measurement 1 a·m–1, for example, describes a current of 1 a flowing through a coil that is 1 m in diameter. compare oersted. ampere turn (at): in magnetic particle testing, unit for expressing the magnetomotive force required for magnetization using a coil in terms of the product of the number of coil turns and the current in amperes flowing through the coil. amplitude, echo: in ultrasonic testing, the vertical height of a received signal on an a-scan, measured from base to peak for a video presentation or from peak to peak for a radio frequency presentation.
- Measure of the intensity of particle motion in degrees celsius (°c), degrees fahrenheit (°f) or, in the absolute scale, kelvin (k) or degrees rankine (°r). an increment of 1 k = 1 °c = 1.8 °r = 1.8 °f. compare heat.
Растяжения, русский
Measurement, английский
- Set of operations having the object of determining a value of a quantity (1)
- Измерение. система мер.
- Измерение; замер
- The size, length, etc. of something which has been measured
- Измерение
- Обмер
- Оценка
- Измерение dust ~ измерение концентрации пыли
- Измерение. комплекс операций, имеющих целью определение значе-ния величины [32].
- The process of ascertaining the attributes, dimensions, extent, quantity, degree or capacity of some object of observation and representing these in the qualitative or quantitative terms of a data language. any empirical pursuit that places the observer outside his object of observation must consider measurement the fundamental process through which scientific constructs or models are linked to reality (->index, ->symptom). otherwise measurement is only one section in a circular process of computing a stable form. the traditional levels of measurement are nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio scales.
- The magnitude of the property of an object calibrated against one or more units of measure.
- Измерение. комплекс операций, имеющих целью определение значения величины [32].
Relaxation, английский
- 1. the process of reducing strain in a muscle 2. the reduction of stress in a person
- Релаксация
- Stress relaxation is a gradual increase in deformation of an elastomer under constant load over time, accompanied by a corresponding reduction in stress level.
Characterize, английский
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Iso-elastic spring, английский
A spring which is designed to achieve a fixed spring constant over a wide temperature range. usually, this involves the use of an alloy with high nickel content such as ni-span c. it is common for these springs to be stress relieved at elevated temperatur
Hygrothermograph, английский
- Instrument resulting from the combination of a thermograph and a hygrograph and furnishing, on the same chart, simultaneous time recording of ambient temperature and humidity.
- Гигротермограф. см. thermohygro-graph — термогигрограф.
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