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Hypothesis testing
| Glossary of Statistical Terms |
- Statistical hypothesis testing is formalized as making a decision between rejecting or not rejecting a null hypothesis, on the basis of a set of observations. two types of errors can result from any decision rule (test): rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true (a type i error), and failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is false (a type ii error). for any hypothesis, it is possible to develop many different decision rules (tests). typically, one specifies ahead of time the chance of a type i error one is willing to allow. that chance is called the significance level of the test or decision rule. for a given significance level, one way of deciding which decision rule is best is to pick the one that has the smallest chance of a type ii error when a given alternative hypothesis is true. the chance of correctly rejecting the null hypothesis when a given alternative hypothesis is true is called the power of the test against that alternative.
- A statistical technique for evaluation of hypotheses or conjectures about unobserved or unobservable numerical properties of a population. the statistic that measures the quantity of interest is evaluated, along with its variability, on a sample of the data from the population, and compared to the range of values consistent with one of the hypotheses. in classical frequentist hypothesis testing, if the value is rare or unusual, the hypothesis is rejected.
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Hypothesis, английский
- A suggested explanation for an observation or experimental result, which is then refined or disproved by further investigation
- Гипотеза
- N гипотеза critical period ~ гипотеза критического периода linguistic relativity ~ гипотеза лингвистиче- ской относительности (син. sapir–whorf ~) localist ~ локалистская гипотеза3 nostratic ~ ностратическая гипотеза sapir–whorf ~ гипотеза сепира–уорфа (син. linguistic relativity ~) single segment ~ гипотеза единого сегмента
- Гипотеза. положение, которое предположительно отражает истину или которое используется как основа для аргументации того, что еще не доказано.
- Гипотеза; предположение; допущение hypothesis-driven управляемый гипотезами
- Гипотеза, предположение
- An assertion, proposition or statement about relations or constraints whose truth-value is as of yet unknown .but in principle determinable by tests involving generally empirical but also logical evidence. hypotheses are generally derived from theories or models and when these theories have some validity of their own, they consititute predictions. l&qh
Hypothesis generator, английский
Генератор гипотез
Hypothesis test, английский
- Проверка гипотезы. метод обратного вывода из данных выборки и переноса вывода на всю популяцию, из которой была сделана выборка.
- Критерий для проверки гипотезы. см. signi. cance test (критерий значимости). hypothesis testing or signi. cance testing
- Критерий для проверки гипотезы. см. signi. cance test (критерий значимости).
Hypothesis testing or signi. cance testing, английский
Проверка гипотезы или проверка значимости. процесс оценки статистической значимости полученных данных. он включает сравнение эмпирически полученных данных выборки с теоретически ожидаемыми данными в том случае, когда основная гипотеза верна (cм. signi. cance test (критерий значимости)). такое сравнение позволяет рассчитать вероятность того, что наблюдаемые результаты могли иметь случайный характер [33]. см. nonparametric test (непараметрическое испытание).
Hypothesis testing., английский
Statistical hypothesis testing is formalized as making a decision between rejecting or not rejecting a null hypothesis, on the basis of a set of observations. two types of errors can result from any decision rule (test): rejecting the null hypothesis when
Hypothesis [is, f], латинский
Hypothesis, eos / is f (gr), opinatio, onis, f, opinio, onis, f, propositum, i, n, positio, onis, f, conjectura, ae, f, латинский
Hypothesize, английский
- Формировать
- Строить гипотезу; формулировать гипотезу
Hypothesizer, английский
Блок построения гипотез
Hypothesizer sentence, английский
Блок построения гипотез о распознаваемых фразах
Test, английский
- Essai
- This is a test of radiation protection glossary where you can find lots of stuff out about ionising radiation.
- Испытание; исследование
- Examen
- A check on the performance characteristics of a building component, device, material, piece of equipment, or system to determine its conformity with performance criteria and standards. tests may be performed in the prototype stage, during manufacture, at the site during and after installation, after the project’s completion, or at any combination of these times.
- A blood serum to see if someone has syphilis. abbr wr [described 1906. after august paul von wassermann (1866–1925), german bacteriologist.]
- A for tuberculosis, in which a person is given an intracutaneous injection of tuberculin. heaf test [described 1908. after charles mantoux (1877–1947), french physician.]
- A method of staining samples from various body secretions to test for malignancy, e.g. testing a cervical smear sample to see if cancer is present. also called pap test [described 1933. after george nicholas papanicolaou (1883–1962), greek anatomist and physician who worked in the usa.]
- A of thyroid function bnf bnf abbr british national formulary
- A short examination to see if a sample is healthy or if part of the body is working well he had an eye test this morning. laboratory tests showed that she was a meningitis carrier. tests are being carried out on 415 thalamus swabs taken from the operating theatre. the urine test was positive the examination of the urine sample showed the presence of an infection or a diagnostic substance verb to examine a sample of tissue to see if it is healthy or an organ to see if it is working well they sent the urine sample away for testing. i must have my eyes tested.
- N проверка, тест, эксперимент (син. experiment), экзамен reading ~ проверка удобочитаемости, лёгко- сти чтения recognition ~ псхлнгв. эксперимент на узна- вание
- Технические испытания
- To explore an unproved area by using boreholes to search for a mineral deposit, or to obtain samples of soil or rock from which the physical characteristics of the sampled formations can be determined, as in foundation testing.
- To determine the inclination of a borehole by means of an acid-dip survey.
- Испытание. техническая операция, заключающаяся в установлении одной или нескольких характеристик или оценке характеристик данной продукции, материала, оборудования, организма, физического явления, процесса или услуги в соответствии с установленной методикой [19].
- A measurement of fishing line strength. a higher test number equals more strength.
- The event of a price movement that approaches a support level or a resistance level established earlier by the market. a test is passed if prices do not go below the support or resistance level, and the test is failed if prices go on to new lows or highs.
- Испытание
Test, английский
Test, английский
Test, английский
Test, английский
Test, финский
Test (signal system), английский
Си- стема проверки параметров сигналов всенаправленных укв-радиомаяков
Test (нефти, английский
Test -, английский
- Испытательное давление
- Кривая результатов испытаний
Test / calibration certificate, английский
Statistical, английский
Observations, английский
Замечания эксперта (по существу заявки)
Significance, английский
- N значение, смысл (см. тж. signification)
- One of the arguments of the floor function.
Alternative, английский
- A альтернативный class, question alternativity n альтернативность
- Вариант (напр, проекта), вариантное решение || вариантный о as an ~ в качестве варианта [вариантного решения]
- One of the music genres that appears under genre classification in windows media player library. based on id3 standard tagging format for mp3 audio files. id3v1 genre id # 20.
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Fpp, английский
- Statistics, third edition, by freedman, pisani, and purves, published by w.w. norton, 1997.
- Flight proof plan
- From present position
- Fossil power plant
- Flight plan processing
Historical controls, английский
Sometimes, the a treatment group is compared with individuals from another epoch who did not receive the treatment; for example, in studying the possible effect of fluoridated water on childhood cancer, we might compare cancer rates in a community before and after fluorine was added to the water supply. those individuals who were children before fluoridation started would comprise an historical control group. experiments and studies with historical controls tend to be more susceptible to confounding than those with contemporary controls, because many factors that might affect the outcome other than the treatment tend to change over time as well. (in this example, the level of other potential carcinogens in the environment also could have changed.)
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