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Stranded costs
| Глоссарий терминов коммунальных услуг |
Stranded costs are costs that the operator has properly incurred and that the operator does not have a reasonable opportunity to recover given the introduction of competition or some other (unanticipated) policy change (eg. new environmental regulations that shut down a generating facility). stranded costs are calculated as the difference between sunk costs (usually book values) and the present value of expected operating earnings from those sunk assets. thus, stranded costs represent lost revenues or reductions in asset values experienced by a regulated firm when new policies alter a well-defined regulatory contract. the utility will seek to recover those costs from remaining customers in the new policy environment. see stranded assets.
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Неокупаемые затраты, русский
Это затраты, которые обоснованно несет компания, предоставляющая услуги, и которые она не сможет вернуть в случае возникновения конкуренции или других (непредвиденных) изменений политики (например, новые экологические правила, вследствие которых будет отключено генерирующее оборудование). неокупаемые затраты определяются как разница между невозвратными издержками (как правило, это балансовая стоимость) и текущей стоимостью ожидаемого операционного дохода, который можно заработать на этом оборудовании. таким образом, неокупаемые затраты представляют собой потерянные доходы или сокращение стоимости активов, с которым сталкиваются регулируемые компании, когда новая политика изменяет существующие принципы регулирования. компания будет стремиться возместить указанные затраты за счет оставшихся клиентов в изменившейся политической среде. см. неокупаемые активы.
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Cost, английский
- Of activities, both direct and indirect, involving any negative impact, including money, time, labour, disruption, goodwill, political and intangible losses
- Стоимость, выраженная в деньгах или ресурсах;
- Себестоимость (в смп) ;издержки; затраты (в снс) в отношении совокупности; «себестоимость» в снс используется лишь применительно к отдельным продуктам; стоимость, см. value; price
- Purchase price paid for property or the value of the exchange for which property is given.
- See: utility. cottrel-munro-zipser technique see: principal components analysis.
- Издержки
- The consumption of resources such as labour time, capital, materials, fuels, etc. as the consequence of an action. in economics, all resources are valued at their opportunity cost, which is the value of the most valuable alternative use of the resources. costs are defi ned in a variety of ways and under a variety of assumptions that affect their value. the negative of costs are benefi ts and often both are considered together, for example, net cost is the difference between gross costs and benefi ts. private costs are carried by individuals, companies or other entities that undertake the action. social costs include additionally the external costs for the environment and for society as a whole, for example, damage costs of impacts on ecosystems, economies and people due to climate change. total cost includes all costs due to a specifi c activity; average (unit, specifi c) cost is total costs divided by the number of units generated; marginal or incremental cost is the cost of the last additional unit. project costs of a renewable energy project include investment cost (costs, discounted to the starting year of the project, of making the renewable energy device ready to commence production); operation and maintenance (o&m) costs (which occur during operation of the renewable energy facility); and decommissioning costs (which occur once the device has ceased production to restore the state of the site of production). lifecycle costs include all of the above discounted to the starting year of a project. levelized cost of energy (see annex ii) is the unique cost price of the outputs (us cent/kwh or usd/gj) of a project that makes the annex i glossary, acronyms, chemical symbols and prefi xes present value of the revenues (benefi ts) equal to the present value of the costs over the lifetime of the project. see also discounting and present value. there are many more categories of costs labelled with names that are often unclear and confusing, for example, installation costs may refer to the hardware equipment installed, or to the activities to put the equipment in place. cost–benefi t analysis: monetary measurement of all negative and positive impacts associated with a given action. costs and benefi ts are compared in terms of their difference and/or ratio as an indicator of how a given investment or other policy effort pays off seen from the society’s point of view. cost-effectiveness analysis: a reduction of cost–benefi t analysis in which all the costs of a portfolio of projects are assessed in relation to a fi xed policy goal. the policy goal in this case represents the benefi ts of the projects and all the other impacts are measured as costs or as negative costs (benefi ts). the policy goal can be, for example, realizing particular renewable energy potentials.
Cost, английский
Coût;prix de revient
Cost, английский
Cost, английский
Cost (o), английский
Rib
Cost -, английский
Договор с оплатой фактических затрат [издержек]
Cost accounting, английский
- Калькуляция
- Калькулирование себестоимости; калькуляция себестоимости
- Аналитический бухгалтерский учет, калькуляция стоимости
- Ведение отчетности; исчисление стоимости cost-based budgets расходная часть бюджета cost-based optimizer оптимизатор доступа к базе данных; оптимизатор, использующий метод наименьшей стоимости cost-benefit analysis анализ по критерию "затраты-выгода" cost-benefit indicator коэффициент затрат и выгод cost-benefit ratio отношение "затраты-выгода"
- The branch of accounting concerned with identifying and evaluating the cost of producing a product.
- A branch of accounting that provides information to help the management of a firm evaluate production costs and efficiency.
- Коммерческий расчет
Cost accountings production on profit-and-loee basis; self-support, английский
Cost accumulation method, английский
The method used to classify and allocate transformation costs.
Cost activity, английский
Оплачиваемая работа
Cost adjustment, английский
On a construction project, a change (for any reason) in the total contract cost which is agreed to by the owner, the architect, and the contractor. cost-benefit analysis an analysis of a construction contract with the objective of identifying all the included costs and evaluating their benefits.
Cost adjustment amount, английский
The sum of the differences between the original purchase price of the goods and the final price, which includes any additional item charges, revaluation, or rounding amounts.
Cost allocation, английский
- Распределение затрат
- Отнесение затрат
Cost analysis, английский
Стоимостный анализ применяется для оценки стоимости полной или частичной иммунизации одного ребенка или взрослого, а также программы иммунизации в целом.
Cost and freight, английский
- Цена, включающая стоимость и фрахт
- Cfr
Cost and freight (cfr), английский
Seller is responsible for the payment of freight to carry goods to a named destination, as agreed with the buyer. this should be used with ocean shipments only, as the point where risk and responsibility pass from seller to buyer is the rail of the carrying vessel.
Cost and freight (incoterms), английский
Стоимость и фрахт
Cost and freight, c.&f.,c.&f., английский
Стоимость [издержки] и фрахт; каф... (название согласованного порта назначения). разновидность базисных условий поставки (продажи), применяемых при морских перевозках грузов: в цену реализуемого сырья (нефти, газа, угля и т.п.) включаются расходы по его п
Cost and freight, с.&f., английский
Cost and operational effectiveness analysis, английский
Анализ стоимости и боевой эффективности (системы оружия)
Cost approach, английский
Подход к решению задачи с помощью стоимостного сетевого графика
Reasonable, английский
Razonable
Opportunity, английский
A potential revenue-generating event, or sale to an account, that needs to be tracked through a sales process to completion.
Introduction, английский
1. the act of putting something inside something the introduction of semen into the woman’s uterus the introduction of an endotracheal tube into the patient’s mouth 2. the act of starting a new process
Competition, английский
- Struggle among trees and other vegetation, generally for limited nutrients, light, and water present on a site. competition can cause reduced tree growth. severe competition in very dense stands may cause stand stagnation (17).
- Конкуренция в реальной экономике всевозможные сочетания таких факторов, как человеческая изобретательность, высокие таможенные барьеры по отношению к продукции тех или иных отраслей, рост эффективности производства ввиду его крупных масштабов и пр мешают развернуться настоящей конкуренции правительства многих стран признают этот факт и стремятся поддержать конкуренцию посредством антимонопольных законов и политических мер
- Соревнование
- Конкуренция
- Interaction between members of the same population or of two or more populations to obtain a resource that both require and which is available in limited supply, hence, limiting overall fitness (survival, growth, reproduction of an organism). asymmetrical c.: competition between two organisms (or species) in which one is much more severely affected than the other (principle of displacement of the weaker by the stronger organism). exclusion c.: the elimination from an area or habitat of one species by another through interspecific competition. exploitation c.: competition in which any adverse effects on an organism are brought about by reductions in resource levels caused by other competing organisms (on a first come first serve basis). interference c.: competition between two organisms in which one physically excludes the other from a portion of a habitat and hence from the resources that could be exploited there. interspecific c.: competition between individuals for the same limited resources by different species - (exclusion principle of gausse) competing species relying on the same ecological resources cannot exist together. intraspecific c.: competition between individuals for the same limited resources by the same species. symmetrical c.: (see asymmetrical competition).
- Businesses that sell similar products or services and compete for the same customer segment.
- Intra- or intermarket rivalry between or among businesses trying to obtain a larger piece of the same market share.
- Competition tends to come in two varieties: competition among the few (a market with a small number of sellers or buyers, such that each can exercise some degree of market power) and competition among the many (perfect competition - a market with so many buyers and sellers that none is able to influence the market price or quantity exchanged).
- There are two types of competition:
Environmental, английский
Окружающий, внешний (о среде, воздействии); связанный с окружающими условиями [средой]
Regulations, английский
Инструкция
Generating, английский
A rapid roughing process to quickly remove material from a lens. accomplished by cutting tools on a machine. generator, free-form – a type of computercontrolled generator with at least three axes of movement that can cut most continuous lens surface shapes to a level of precision and smoothness that requires only minimal polishing with a free-form polisher. generator, traditional – a type of generator with either two or three axes of movement that can cut only basic spherical and sphero-cylindrical lens surface shapes to a minimal level of smoothness that requires additional fining with a cylinder machine.
Difference, английский
- Disagreement, inequity, contrast, dissimilarity, incompatibility
- Разница; разность
- An important army term, meaning firstly the sum to be paid by officers when exchanging from the half to full pay; and, secondly, the price or difference in value of the several commissions.
Experienced, английский
Environment, английский
- Surrounding in which operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora, fauna, humans and their interaction.
- Окружающая среда. совокупность всех материальных тел, сил и явлений природы, ее вещество и пространство, любая деятельность человека, находящегося в непосредственном контакте с живыми организмами; совокупность абиотической, биотической и социальной сред,
- Окружающие условия [среда]; внешние факторы или воздействия; условия эксплуатации ` (лл)
- The conditions and influences under which an organism lives
- N 1 лнгв. окружение; 2 псхл. окружающая обстановка5 consonantal ~ консонантное окружение epanalepsis n эпаналепсис, удвоение6 epenthesis n 1 эпентеза, вставка звуков1; 2 добавление гласного звука для того, чтобы 3 английский как язык международного общения. 4 несовпадение стиховых и фразовых границ. 5 внешний контекст, в котором происходит наше поведение. 6 фигура речи, состоящая в повторе слова, словосочетания или пред- ложения. epenthetic 41 evaluation разбить труднопроизносимую группу (кла- стер) согласных
- Окружающая среда
- Окружающая среда; при- родно-ландшафтная среда
- The place in which an organism lives, and the circumstances under which it lives. environment includes measures like moisture and temperature, as much as it refers to the actual physical place where an organism is found.
- The combination of all the external conditions and the potential effect of the inner environment (heteromosaic of abiotic conditions). e. change: survival depends on the life span of the organisms involved, and has to adapt to a new situation via genetic change, evolution, etc. • cyclic change: rhythmically repetitive, like cycles of a season, day / night, movement of tides etc. • directional change: change is maintained over a long period in relation to the life span of organisms - erosion, siltation, cycles of glaciation, etc. • erratic change: these have no rhythm and no consistent direction e.g., hurricanes, cyclones, flash storms, fires, vulcanos, earthquake, etc.
- Окружающая среда. существующая в данный момент совокупность всех внешних условий и воздействий, которым подвержена данная система (или организм) (мос, 14). `36
- (1) the system of surrounding things, conditions or influences, especially affecting the existence or development of someone, something or another system (->habitat), (2) the art of environing, (3) the state of being environed.
- A global context in which to access data.
- A set of roles that are required to run a specific application and the machines to be used for each role.
- One of two deployment destinations within a microsoft azure cloud service: staging or production.
- The totality of surrounding conditions and circumstances affecting growth or development. often the term is applied to the natural features of a geographic area: water, air, and land — including ecological relationships.
- The sum of the physical, chemical, and biological factors that surround an organism.
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Step down, английский
Switching electricity from a higher to a lower voltage.
Legal process, английский
Steps involved in the implementation, application, or judicial appeal of laws. the national constitution (as interpreted by the nation’s highest court) serves as final step for most cases. the record of testimony, procedures, and decisions can be used to track actions at the various steps of the process.
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