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Multi-part pricing
| Глоссарий терминов коммунальных услуг |
In contrast to a uniform price, the use of price structures to enhance revenues or better track cost-causation. e.g. fixed monthly fee and per unit price; pricing both kwh consumed and kw demanded during the period. declining block prices are also a form of multi-part pricing based on consumption levels.
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Многоставочное ценообразование, русский
В отличие от единой цены, использование ценовых (тарифных) ставок для повышения доходов или более эффективного отслеживания стоимостной причинно-следственной зависимости. например, фиксированный ежемесячный взнос и цена за единицу; установление цены за потребляемый квтч и за заявленный квт мощности на период. снижающиеся блочные тарифы (цены) также являются формой многоставочногоценообразования, основанного на уровне потребления.
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Multi-part items, английский
Multi-part message type, английский
A definition of the structure of a message, including the data types of its elements. a multi-part message type can contain a single part or many parts.
Multi-part tariff, английский
Многоставочный тариф (на электроэнергию) (предусматривающий учет нескольких факторов при назначении цены на электроэнергию
Multi-part tariffs, английский
Seemulti-part pricing.
Multi-part vacuum fixture, английский
Приспособление с вакуумной фиксацией для (установки) нескольких деталей
Multi-party federated learning, английский
An ml setting where many clients (e.g., mobile devices or whole organizations) collaboratively train a model under the orchestration of a central server (e.g., service provider) while keeping the training data decentralized. it can mitigate many of the systemic privacy risks and costs resulting from traditional, centralized ml and data science approaches.50 however, it does introduce new attack vectors that must be addressed.51
Pric, английский
Parts reliability information center
Price, английский
- Цена
- Цена о ~s for measured work единичные расценки на (строительные) работы
Price, английский
Price adjustment, английский
- A modification to a quoted price.
- An automatic update of the price of a service item based on the setup of service price adjustment groups.
Price at factor cost, английский
Цена по стоимости факторов производства (рыночная цена минус косвенные налоги плюс субсидии; в снс)
Price band, английский
A price range that has minimum and maximum prices set.
Price basket controls, английский
In price cap regulation, different controls can be placed on specific products or groups of products. the price adjustment of the price cap formula can differ across customer groups or product groups, thus reducing the pricing options available to firms-generally to protect groups with inelastic demands who lack substitutes.
Price c.& f., английский
Цена каф...(название порта назначения). цена товара, реализуемого на условиях "стоимость и фрахт"
Price cap, английский
A legally established maximum price that is imposed on a product or service. generally, this price is below the one that would otherwise be charged by the supplier (for example, a monopolist). a price cap (or ceiling) is placed on a product or service within a market with the goal of keeping the price low, presumably based on the notion that otherwise the price would be too high. however, if imposed on a product or service subject to a competitive market, a price ceiling is likely to create a shortage of, or excess demand for, that product or service. see price cap formula.
Price cap excessive returns, английский
Since a pure price cap regulation can result in a firm obtaining very high realized rates of return under favorable scenarios (and successful cost-cutting), regulators sometimes adopt a hybrid scheme that can involve sharing high returns with customers if those returns exceed a trigger point. in addition, a maximum return can be specified if there are negative political consequences to high reported returns. note, such sharing rules or caps on returns dampens the firm’s incentives for cost containment-leading to incentives similar to those under rate of return regulation.
Price cap financial model, английский
Some versions of price cap regulation do not focus on identifying an externally-identified x-factor, but base the price control on the revenues necessary to cover the operating costs and provide an appropriate return on investments during the control period. the net present value of the firm incorporates the investments required to meet service quality and expansion targets, as well as projected efficiencies (which can be related to an x-factor). the results of the cash flow model are used to determine the price control.
Price cap formula, английский
A precise expression denoting the constraint facing a firm over the period of a price control. an example of a simple version of the formula would be rpi-x+k+q, where the terms reflect adjustments for retail price inflation, productivity, network expansion, and improved quality of service. in practice, with baskets other features, the formal representation of the formula can be quite complicated.
Price cap path, английский
At the time of the price cap review,a regulated firm might be earning excessive or inadequate returns. the regulator must make a determination regarding where to re-set the starting price for the new price cap formula. sometimes a glide path is established to maintain incentives for cost containment during the last stages of a price control. alternatively, a discrete price adjustment (or one-off approach) is used to quickly re-set the price at a level where expected returns are not excessive (or inadequate).
Price cap regulation, английский
See price reviews and price cap formula. such regulation provides strong incentives to cut costs, but price control must also address service quality issues. such regulation reduces incentives to over-invest in capital during the period of a price control.
Consumption, английский
- Потребление (в смп; различают производственное и непроизводственное потребление; последнее подразделяется на фонд личного потребления и материальные затраты в непроизводственных учреждениях; в снс выделяют промежуточное потребление, частное потребление — расходы домашних хозяйств и частных некоммерческих организаций на потребление, и государственное текущее потребление)
- 1. the act of taking food or liquid into the body the patient’s increased consumption of alcohol 2. a former name for pulmonary tuberculosis
- Потребление
- Потребление; расход
- Потребление, расход; затрата
- The items used, time spent and costs incurred during servicing that are not included in the invoice to the customer.
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Independent goods, английский
In contrast to complementary goods, these are not consumed in tandem but are unrelated to each other.
Spinning reserves, английский
In an electricity system, the amount of unloaded capacity on generating units that are connected to the interconnected system and that can be fully applied in ten minutes.
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