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Metaphor
| Стилистический глоссарий |
- Метафора transference of names based on the associated likeness between two objects, on the similarity of one feature common to two different entities, on possessing one common characteristic, on linguistic semantic nearness, on a common co
- N (простая) метафо- ра1 cognitive ~ когнитивная метафора2 (син. conceptual metaphor) conceptual ~ концептуальная метафора (син. cognitive metaphor) conduit ~ метафора передачи, метафора ка- нала связи (м. редди ) conventional ~ конвенциональная метафора3 dead ~ мёртвая (лексическая, окаменевшая, стёртая) метафора4 extended ~ развёрнутая метафора5 new ~ авторская метафора ontological ~ онтологическая метафора6 orientational ~ ориентационная метафора7 structural ~ структурная метафора8 metaphoric(al)
- A statement reflecting the cognitive process of linking two normally separate cognitive systems by placing concepts from one such system in the context of another, thereby suggesting an understanding and experiencing of particular incidences of the concepts in the former system in terms of the rules, pattern of reasoning and ideas provided by the latter. e.g., the metaphor "love is madness" places the concept of "love" into the context of "mental disorder," entails a variety of more specific statements such as "i am crazy about her," "she is driving me wild" and makes many concepts from the domain of mental disorder available, such as "it is a healthy relationship" (lakoff). common metaphors in the social sciences include "society is an organism," "messages are containers for meanings," and in cybernetics, "the mind is a computer." although historically a concept of literature, metaphors account for differences in individual as well as societal behavior, e.g., compare "war is a gamble," with "war is a religious commitment." metaphors simplify the cognitive organization of memory, but also contain the dangers of inappropriate reasoning (->analogy, ->anthropomorphism). 50
- Something standing for something else; an image. for example when reviewers say ‘the audience were glued to their seats’, they do not mean this literally. the glue stands for the state of rapt attentiveness that kept the audience seated.
- Introducing symbolism and imagery – something which is not literal but a figure of speech – helps the coachee to explore emotions and associations from another context (something they know) and draw on them to build a picture or sensation of what they are trying to express in words (what they don’t know or understand). when we use metaphor, we aren’t just asking the coachee to think of one thing being like another, we actually take the coachee a step further by inviting them to picture or sense that one thing is the other (x=y, eg ‘when i give my presentation, i want to be the diamond on the stage’) see also clarifying, analogy
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Transference, английский
- Перенос act of name-exchange, of substitution of the existing names approved by long usage and fixed in dictionaries by new, occasional, individual ones, prompted by the speaker`s subjective original view and evaluation of things, for t
- Уступка; передача (патентных прав)
- (in psychiatry) a condition in which someone transfers to the psychoanalyst the characteristics belonging to a strong character from his or her past such as a parent, and reacts as if the analyst were that person
- The displacement of patterns of feelings and behaviour originally experienced with significant figures of one’s childhood to individuals in one’s current relationships. in the workplace the most common form is authority transference see also countertransference
Associated, английский
- Соответствующий; связанный; присоединенный
- Experiencing through your own senses (seeing through your own eyes, hearing with your own ears, feeling with your own feelings.)
Similarity, английский
- Подобие
- N сходство phonetic ~ фонетическое сходство
Characteristic, английский
- Property that helps to distinguish between items of a given population (3)
- A quality which allows something to be recognised as different cancer destroys the cell’s characteristics. adjective being a typical or distinguishing quality symptoms characteristic of anaemia the inflammation is characteristic of shingles.
- N характеристика (см. тж. portrayal) articulatory ~ артикуляторная характеристика perceptual ~ перцептивная характеристика, характеристика восприятия
- Характерная особенность, признак; характеристика, особенность ~s of the loading особенности [параметры] нагружение (конструкции)
- The characteristic dimension dc
Linguistic, английский
A 1 языковой; 2 лингвис- тический, языковедческий; extra~ экстралин- гвистический; para~ паралингвистический; pre-~ долингвистический; sub-~ сублингви- стический anthropology, association, atlas, behaviour, borrowing, circle, competence, consciousness, criticism, data, economy, geography, knowledge, performance, personality, psychology, ratio, relativity, science, sign, statistics, stylistics, substitution, theory, tradition
Conceptual, английский
A концептуальный (свя- занный с концептами ), понятийный analysis, category, metaphor conceptualization n концептуализация
Conventional, английский
- Обычный (об оружии)
- Обычный (напр. об оружии)
- A конвенциональный3; узуальный metaphor, norm
- Обычный; общепринятый; стандартный
Structural, английский
- Структурный; конструктивный
- Said of a load-bearing member, element, etc., of a building.
- A структурный analysis, class, description, linguistics, metaphor, order, phonologist, phonology, series, signal, system
Reflecting, английский
Understanding, английский
- Интерпретация
- N когн. понимание (син. comprehension) ungrammatical a неправильно построенное (предложение ) (син. ill formed)
Particular, английский
A частный; конкретный grammar partitioned a разделённый на части sequence 1 одна из базовых операций компьютерной обработки текстов; в каче- стве данных берутся текст либо сегмент текста, грамматика и цель разбора, а на выходе получается удовлетворяющее цели множество значений категориальной отнесённости сегментов в виде, например, дерева разбора. 2 применяется запоминание также и гипотез, выдвигаемых при разбо- ре, и результатов их проверки – м. кэй. 3 используется, в частности, для разбора арифметических выражений. partitioning n членение sentence ~ членение предложений (напр., при переводе )
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Metonymy, английский
- Метонимия transference of names based on contiguity (nearness), on extralinguistic, actually existing relations between the phenomena (objects), denoted by the words, on common grounds of existence in reality but different semantic (v.a.k.)
- N метонимия
Litotes, английский
- Литота a two-component structure in which two negations are joined to give a possessive evaluation - the first component is always the negative particle "not", while the second, always negative in semantics, varies in form from a negatively
- N литота1
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