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Belief revision
| Глоссарий по искусственному интеллекту |
Belief revision is the process of modifying an existing knowledge base to account for new information. when the new information is consistent with the old information, the process is usually straightforward. when it contradicts existing information, the belief (knowledge) structure has to be revised to eliminate contradictions. some methods include expansion which adds new ``rules" to the database, contraction which eliminates contradictions by removing rules from the database, and revision which maintains existing rules by changing them to adapt to the new information. see also: nonmonotone logic.
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Belief, английский
- Creencia
- A freely available program for the manipulation of graphical belief functions and graphical probability models. as such, it supports both belief and probabilistic manipulation of models. it also allows second-order models (hyper-distribution or meta-distribution). a commercial version is in development under the name of graphical-belief. see also: belief function, graphical model.
Belief about beliefs, английский
Представление о представлениях; убеждения относительно убеждений belief-invoked interpretation рассуждение на основе принятых убеждений; интерпретация от фактов; вывод снизу вверх
Belief chain, английский
A belief net whose directed acyclic graph (dag) can be ordered as in a list, so that each node has one predecessor, except for the first which has no predecessor, and one successor, except for the last which has no successor (see figure b.1.). figure b.1 —
Belief change flexibility, английский
The ability to try out new beliefs for a short time to test their usefulness.
Belief core, английский
The core of a set in the dempster-shafer theory is that probability is directly assigned to a set but not to any of its subsets. the core of a belief function is the union of all the sets in the frame of discernment which have a non-zero core (also known as the focal elements). suppose our belief that one of fred, tom, or paul was responsible for an event is 0.75, while the individual beliefs were b(fred)=.10, b(tom)=.25, and b(paul)=.30. then the uncommitted belief would be 0.75- (0.1+0.25+0.30) = .10. this would be the core of the set {fred, tom, paul}. see also: belief function, communality number.
Belief function, английский
In the dempster-shafer theory, the probability certainly assigned to a set of propositions is referred to as the belief for that set. it is a lower probability for the set. the upper probability for the set is the probability assigned to sets containing the elements of the set of interest and is the complement of the belief function for the complement of the set of interest (i.e., pu(a)=1 -bel(not a).) the belief function is that function which returns the lower probability of a set. belief functions that can be compared by considering that the probabilities assigned to some repeatable event are a statement about the average frequency of that event. a belief function and upper probability only specify upper and lower bounds on the average frequency of that event. the probability addresses the uncertainty of the event, but is precise about the averages, while the belief function includes both uncertainty and imprecision about the average. see also: dempster-shafer theory, quasi-bayesian theory.
Belief net, английский
Used in probabilistic expert systems to represent relationships among variables, a belief net is a directed acyclic graph (dag) with variables as nodes, along with conditionals for each arc entering a node. the attribute(s) at the node are the head of the conditionals, and the attributes with arcs entering the node are the tails. these graphs are also referred to as bayesian networks (bn) or graphical models. see also: bayesian network, graphical model.
Belief system, английский
Sistema de creencias
Belief vector, английский
Доверительный вектор
Belief, faith; doctrine, английский
Beliefs, английский
- N pl псхл. убеждения benefactive и beneficiary
- Statements we think are true but cannot (or have not bothered to) check. see ‘logical levels’.
- Robert dilts defined beliefs as: closely held generalisations about (1) cause, (2) meaning, (3) boundaries in a) the world around us b) our behaviour c) our capabilities, and d) our identities.
Revisable-form-text dca, английский
A standard within document content architecture (dca) for storing documents in such a way that the formatting can be changed by the receiver. a related standard is final-form-text dca.
Revise, английский
- Пересматривать, ревизовать 32 зак. 262
- Проверка
Revised, английский
Revised consequence, английский
The likely worst case outcome if control of the hazard is lost after the proposed new controls are applied.
Revised directive, английский
Modification to a case plan when the inmate has a program change or change in assessed need. this directive indicates the standards that will be used as a basis for parole release at the time of the inmate’s initial parole date.
Revised estimate, английский
The third estimate of gdp released about three months after the measurement period.
Revised kyoto convention, английский
Rkc
Revised likelihood, английский
The likelihood of the worst case outcome to occur after the proposed new control measures have been implemented.
Revised local reference, английский
Information, английский
- Knowledge of a particular event or situation, or knowledge communicated or received concerning a particular fact.
- Информация
- Facts about something have you any information about the treatment of sunburn? the police won’t give us any information about how the accident happened. you haven’t given me enough information about when your symptoms started. that’s a very useful piece or bit of information. (note: no plural: some information; a piece of information.)
- N информация | attr. информационный flow, structure source of ~ источник информации 1 ранее использовался в более широком значении как ‘умозаключе- ние’. 2 получение выводных данных в процессе обработки информации и/или языка и само выводное знание, умозаключение; мыслительная операция, в ходе которой человек выходит за пределы данных в тек- сте сведений и получает новую информацию. 3 аффикс, вставляемый внутрь корня слова при словообразовании или словоизменении.
- In admiralty courts, implies a clause introduced into a citation, intimating that in the event of a party cited not appearing, the court will proceed in his absence.
- Информация; данные; сведения
- Координационный комитет ин4юрмации о проектируемых и возводимых объектах строительства
- Literally that which forms within, but more adequately
- Data that has been recorded, classified, organized, related or interpreted so that meaning is apparent.
- Contextualised data providing answer to a certain question decreasing uncertainty.
- Информация, сведения
Consistent, английский
Straightforward, английский
Contraction, английский
- The shortening of rails under the influence of falling temperatures.
- Сокращение; сужение
- A single word made out of two words. german contractions do not use
- 1. the act of making something smaller or of becoming smaller the contraction of dental services 2. a tightening movement which makes a muscle shorter, which makes the pupil of the eye smaller or which makes the skin wrinkle 3. a movement of the muscles of the uterus occurring during childbirth her contractions began at one o’clock.
- Contracción
- Of concrete, the sum of volume changes occurring as the result of all processes affecting the bulk volume of a mass of concrete. contraction joint 1. an expansion joint, 1. 2. a joint between adjacent parts of a structure which permits movement between them resulting from contraction.
- N 1 стяжение, сокра- щение, контракция1; 2 стяженная форма contranym (сontronym ) n энантионим2 (син. antagonym, autoantonym)
- Сокращение, сужение; сжатие; образование шейки; усадка о ~
- Take-up (twist) or take-up (yarn in fabric)
Contradict, английский
Противоречить
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Bayesian methods, английский
Bayesian methods provide a formal method for reasoning about uncertain events. they are grounded in probability theory and use probabilistic techniques to assess and propagate the uncertainty. see also: certainty, fuzzy sets, possibility theory, probability. bayesian network (bn) a bayesian network is a graphical model that is used to represent probabilistic relationships among a set of attributes. the nodes, representing the state of attributes, are connected in a directed acyclic graph (dag). the arcs in the network represent probability models connecting the attributes. the probability models offer a flexible means to represent uncertainty in knowledge systems. they allow the system to specify the state of a set of attributes and infer the resulting distributions in the remaining attributes. the networks are called bayesian because they use the bayes theorem to propagate uncertainty throughout the network. note that the arcs are not required to represent causal directions but rather represent directions that probability propagates. see also: bayes theorem, belief net, influence diagrams. bayesian network interchange format (bnif) the bayesian network interchange format (bnif) is a proposed format for describing and interchanging belief networks. this will allow the sharing of knowledge bases that are represented as a bayesian network (bn) and allow the many bayes networks to interoperate. see also: bayesian network.
Bestdose, английский
Bestdose is an expert system that is designed to provide physicians with patient-specific drug dosing information. it was developed by first databank, a provider of electronic drug information, using the neuron data "elements expert" system. it can alert physicians if it detects a potential problem with a dose and provide citations to the literature. see also: expert system.
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