Глоссарий терминов в оптике, очковой моде, линзах, диагностическом и торговом оборудовании для салонов, лабораторий и магазинов оптики.
| color perception test | A test that measures the ability to identify and distinguish colors. |
| color-coated lenses | Lenses with a metallic oxide coating applied to surfaces by means of vacuum deposition. the coatings are deposited evenly across the surface regardless of prescription, so color is uniform. |
| combination frame | - A frame wherein the front consists of a metal chassis with attached trim. these trim parts are typically plastic, aluminum, or other metal, and are attached to the top portion of the chassis.<...
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| compensated curve | A curve computed to attain a desired vertex power considering the thickness factor. computer vision syndrome (cvs) – the complex of eye and vision problems related to near work that are experience... |
| contrast sensitivity | - The ability to perceive differences between an object and its background.
- The ability to detect the presence of differences in luminance; the reciprocal of the contrast threshold. c...
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| corneal abrasion | - A cut or scratch on the cornea.
- A scratch on the cornea, caused by something sharp getting into the eye
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| corneal astigmatism | Defect in the curvature of the cornea whereby light rays passing through the cornea produce aberrations and are not focused on the retina. |
| corneal reflection | Method of measuring the distance from the pupil, using light reflected from the cornea to the center of the nose. |
| corneal reflex | Irritation of the cornea resulting in reflex closure of the eyelids. |
| corneal topography | Mapping or examination of the surface of the cornea. |
| corrected curve | A curve designed to partially or totally correct either or both the marginal astigmatic error and the marginal spherical error. |
| corridor length | The distance between the fitting cross and the point of full add power on a progressive lens. |
| cover test | - A test of eyeball alignment in which each eye is covered with an occluder (eye cover) and then uncovered to observe eye movements.
- A test for a squint in which an eye is covered and...
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| cribbing | - Removal of excess lens material on the edge.
- When a horse grabs on something, usually its fence or stall, and swallow air. it is a bad habit that is hard to correct.cribbing is ment...
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| cross curve | The strongest curve of a toric surface; lies in the meridian 90 degrees from the base curve. |
| cross eye | - See strabismus.
- Same as convergent strabismus (informal )
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| cruxite | Trade name of a glass pink tint. |
| c-size | Measurement needed for accurate lens sizing. the millimeter reading of the circumference of a given lens. |
| c-sizer | A mechanical device for measuring the circumference of a lens. |
| curve top | A bifocal lens with the top line of the segment slightly curved instead of straight. |
| custom coating | Prescription lenses ordered with a coating that is processed from a semifinished blank and then coated. |
| cylinder axis | The meridian in which the sphere power functions alone. |
| cylinder lens | A compound lens with a toric surface with the two separate dioptric meridians 90? apart. may be recorded in (-) or (+) power. it is always followed by an axis, the direction in which there is no p... |
| datum line | - A line at the midpoint between the top and bottom of a lens, also referred to as the 180? line. unless otherwise specified, optical centers are ground on this line. “dbc” – distance between ce...
reference line.; |
| decenter | - To place out of center.
- To remove centering or shoring.
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| decentration | The act of moving the optical center of a lens away from the geometric center of a shape or frame for the purpose of aligning the optical center over the pupil. the lens may also be displaced away... эксцентричность; |
| depth perception | The ability to judge relative distances of objects. |
| depth perception test | A test to measure the ability of the vision system to discern the relative distances of various objects. (also called a “stereopsis test”.) descemet’s membrane – the lining of the posterior portio... |
| developmental vision analysis | More comprehensive than a routine eye exam, examination will evaluate all of the patient’s visual abilities such as a visual acuity, eye focusing skills, eye teaming skills, eye tracking skills, v... |
| diabetic retinopathy | - Weakens and causes retinal changes in the small blood vessels that nourish the eye’s retina, the delicate, light sensitive lining of the back of the eye. these blood vessels may begin to leak,...
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| didymium | A specific tinted glass lens used for wearer exposed to a soda ash or sodium flare. often used for “glass blower” occupation. |
| diffuse glare | Reflected light that does not produce a clearly discernible image, i.e., a hazy, bright light. |
| digital surfacing | Precise surface cutting using single point turning; cutting height is controlled at all points of the lens. |
| dilation | - A process by which the pupil is temporarily enlarged with special eye drops (mydriatic); allows the eyecare specialist to better view the inside and back of the eye. diopter (d) – a unit of me...
дилатация; |
| diplopia | - Double vision; normally the object which is being observed is single and objects in front and behind this object are seen double (diplopia).
- A condition in which someone sees single...
диплопия; |
| direct field of vision | That portion of the field which is seen by the macula. |
| direct glare | - Relatively bright light that is not reflected, but emanates from a source such as the sun, oncoming automobile headlights, or other light source.
- Glare resulting from high brightnes...
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| direct occlusion | Covering the non-amblyopic eye. |
| dispensing | The art of selecting a frame, taking measurements, filling the lens prescription, and fitting a pair of glasses. |
| distance acuity | The eye’s ability to distinguish an object’s shape and detail at a far distance, such as 20 feet (6 meters). |
| distance vision | Vision when looking at distance objects. |
| distometer | Measures vertex distances (front of the eye to the back of the lens). |
| double concave lens | A biconcave lens of special form having hollow surfaces of equal radii on both sides of the lens. |
| double convex lens | A biconvex lens of special form having bulging surfaces of equal radii on both sides of the lens. |
| double segment bifocals | Lenses with segments at the top and bottom of the lens. suited for those who require near focal length above and below the head. |
| down bend | The drop or downward bend of the tip end of a temple (earpiece) to fit over and around the ear; also known as the ear bend. |
| drop ball test | A low-velocity, impact resistant test, commonly using a solid steel sphere freefalling 50 inches. for a.n.s.i. z-80 standards, a 5/8 inch steel ball falling 50 inches; for a.n.s.i. z87standards, a... |
| drusen | Tiny yellow or white deposits in the retina or optic nerve head. |
| dry eye syndrome | Itching, burning, and irritation of the eyes. caused by lack of quality or quantity of tears to lubricate eyes. may prescribe “artificial tears” to alleviate. |
| duction test | A test of the eye’s ability to turn inward or outward while maintaining single, binocular vision with the gradual introduction of progressively stronger base-in or base-out prisms. |
| dyseidetic | Poor sight recognition of words. a form of dyslexia. e |
| earpiece | - A component of a spectacle frame designed to assist its stabilization by extending over the external ear.
- The part of the phone used for listening.
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| eccentric fixation | The person fixates the image of regard with an area other than the fovea (center of the retina that produces the sharpest eyesight) area of fixation. |
| ecp | - Abbreviation for eyecare professional.
- Emergency control panel
- Engineering change proposal (faa)
- Expedite clearance procedure
error correcting program;; enhanced capabilities port; |
| edge coat | Solid color coat applied on the edge of a lens to hide thickness and eliminate ring reflections seen in the lens. usually color selected matches the frame color closely. |
| edge polishing | The grinding process on edge of lenses leaving a finished clear edge rather than a white frost. |
| edged lens | A lens that has been ground to prescription and cut to the size and shape of an eyeglass frame. |
| edger | A machine used to reduce a lens to a desired size and shape of a frame with a desired edge contour. |
| edging | - Edging a lens means hogging it down from its original circular shape to the precise size and shape needed for it to fit into the wearer’s frame. effective diameter (ed) – two times the longest...
обработка кромки; |
| effective power | See vertex power. |
| emery | - The abrasive used for grinding a lens surface.
- A granular form of impure carborundum; used for grinding and polishing glass, stone, and metal surfaces.
наждак; любой абразив; |
| emmetropia | - Theoretically normal eyesight. refractive condition of the eye in which the rays of light come to a point of focus perfectly on the retina.
- The correct focusing of light rays by the...
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| endothelium | - The inner most layer of the cornea.
- A membrane of special cells which lines the heart, the lymph vessels, the blood vessels and various body cavities. compare epithelium, mesotheliu...
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| endpiece | That part of a frame where the frame front is joined with the temple. |
| epithelium | - The outer most layer of the cornea.
- The layer or layers of cells covering an organ, including the skin and the lining of all hollow cavities except blood vessels, lymphatics and ser...
epitelio; пал.; |
| equthin prisming | A procedure grinding base down prism ou (both lenses) to arrive at a thinner, more pleasing lens. equithin can be used on any prescription but is especially effective on plus distance prescription... |
| esophoria | The tendency of the eye to turn inward or nasally. |
| esotropia | - A condition of misalignment of the eyes in which one or both eyes turn inward or nasally.
- A type of squint, where the eyes both look towards the nose. also called convergent strabis...
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| executive bifocal | A one-piece bifocal that incorporates the total bottom portion of the lens for close vision with a visible dividing line across the entire lens. it is thicker and heavier than flat top styles and ... |
| executive d-seg trifocal | A plastic trifocal with a flat top 25 mm seg style set inside the intermediate executive style area. |
| executive trifocal | There are two ledges across the lens that represent the bifocal and trifocal area for distance, intermediate, and near viewing areas. |
| exophoria | The tendency of the eye to turn outward. |
| exotropia | - Divergent strabismus. a condition of the eye turning laterally or templeward of one or both eyes.
- Same as divergent strabismus
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| expanded visual fields | Wider, larger, or more precise vision in the field of view. |
| extraocular | Outside or external to the eye. |
| extraocular muscles | The muscles attached to the outside of the eyeball which control eye movement. each eye has six muscles that are coordinated by the brain. |
| eye hand coordination | The ability of the eyes to guide the hands, also called visual motor integration. |
