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Port admiral
| Морской словарь |
This 18th/19th century british title refers to an appointment rather than a rank. typically given to a superannuated senior naval captain who served as shore commander of a naval port, allocating docking or anchorage space to incoming vessels and responsible for crewing, victualing, refitting, and maintaining all vessels within the harbor. port & starboard: before invention of the rudder, boats and ships were steered by one or two oars secured by leather straps to pegs on the gunwale. because most seamen were right-handed, it made sense 245 port to place them on the right of the ship which—by combining the old english words st`or meaning steering, and borde meaning side—become known as starboard. the steering oar(s) made it difficult to tie up to a pier or jetty, so it became customary to dock with the left side facing the shore. the old english for loading was ladde, so that side became known as laddeborde, soon corrupted to larboard to match starboard. however, those words were too similar-sounding when shouted in the noise and confusion of a storm so, early in the eighteenth century, merchant mariners began using “port” to signify the side facing the quay for unloading when docked. the confusion must have been even more disastrous in the heat of combat, but conservative navies hung on to the old term long after their civilian counterparts had converted. the british royal navy did not abandon larboard until 1844 and the united states navy waited two years longer.
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Admiral, английский
- Senior naval officer of flag rank. in ascending order of seniority, rear admiral, vice admiral, admiral and (until about 2001 when all uk five-star ranks were discontinued) admiral of the fleet (royal navy). derivation arabic, from amir al-bahr ("ruler of the sea").
- The derivation of this noble title from the greek almyros, from the latin admirabilis, from the saxon aenmereeal, and from the french aumer, appear all fanciful. it is extensively received that the sicilians first adopted it from emir, the sea, of their saracen masters; but it presents a kind of unusual etymological inversion. the term is most frequent in old romance; but the style and title was not used by us until 1286; and in 1294, william de leybourne was designated “amiral de la mer du roy d`angleterre;” six years afterwards viscount narbonne was constituted admiral of france; which dates nearly fix the commencement of the two states as maritime powers.
- A beautiful and rare shell of the genus conus; the varieties are designated the grand-admiral, the vice-admiral, the orange-admiral, and the extra-admiral.
- This term is derived from the arabic amir-al-bahr meaning commander of the sea. the genoese dropped bahr (the word for “sea”) and combined the first two into amiral, which became almirante in spanish and admiral when taken into english. today, an admiral is the senior naval officer commanding a fleet or other large unit and holds fourstar rank, the equivalent of army general. a supreme naval position, titled admiral of the fleet, fleet admiral, or admiral of the navy, is sometimes held by acrostolium 18 the senior flag officer of a naval service and is usually symbolic and honorific, having virtually no more authority than any other admiral.
Admiral of the fleet, английский
This british rank probably originated in the middle ages, but the first recorded appointment was in 1690. when the royal navy was divided into three squadrons (see admirals in the royal navy) the admiral of the fleet was supreme commander of the assembled squadrons, each of which was commanded by a full admiral. until 1827 the head of the royal navy was called admiral of the fleet, then the position became first sea lord. the rank was placed in abeyance in 1996, but incumbents nonetheless retain the title for life. see also fleet admiral.
Admiral of the navy, английский
This united states navy rank, generally considered to be six-star equivalent, was created specifically for admiral george dewey by act of congress in march 1903, with the proviso that it would exist for his lifetime. the award was retroactive to 1st may 1898 when then commodore dewey fought the battle of manila bay, commanding a fleet of modern armored cruisers which so far outgunned his opponent’s antiquated and decrepit wooden ships that the encounter was more of a slaughter than a battle. dewey died in 1917 and the rank lapsed accordingly.
Admiral popov, английский
The first of two extraordinary russian warships built in the 1870s to the revolutionary circular design of vice-admiral a. a. popov. the 3,533-ton vessel was completely round, armed with two 12-inch (300 mm) guns in a central circular rotating barbette, a design intended to provide a stable firing platform. she was powered by eight engines driving six propellers. not surprisingly, the ships were unseaworthy and almost unmanageable.
Admiral) who declared, английский
“if the marines are abolished, half the efficiency of the navy will be destroyed.” the practice is ancient. at least five centuries before the current era, fighting men were part of the regular complement of phoenician, persian, and greek warships. later, cohorts of troops, known as classiarii, served in the roman navy. today, most of the world’s marines operate in their traditional roles of preserving discipline on board ship and projecting naval power inland when required. they generally consider themselves to be soldiers who go to sea rather than sailors who fight ashore (see naval infantry). an exception is the united states marine corps which no longer provides detachments to serve in individual warships, but is a fully-integrated, rapid-response, combined-arms service, larger than the total armed forces of many a sovereign state, falling administratively under the navy department, but independent of the naval chain of command.
Admiralitas [atis, f], латинский
Admirals in the royal navy, английский
The first english admiral is believed to have been william de leyburn, appointed by king edward i in 1297 with the title admiral of the sea of the king of england. the subordinate positions of vice and rear admiral were not introduced until the 16th century; initially as appointments to command the white (van) and blue (rear) squadrons rather than official ranks. by 1743, squadrons had become much larger, so each was divided into three sections and for the next sixty-two years there were rear-admirals, vice-admirals, and admirals in each of three colors (see british ensigns). promotion was based on seniority, and the only way to advance was for a vacancy to be created by promotion, death, or resignation. the nine-step flag rank hierarchy was based on a combination of grade and squadron, running from rear-admiral of the blue as the most junior flag officer, to admiral of the red as the senior: rear squadron lead squadron center squadron 1. rear-admiral 2. rear-admiral 3. rear-admiral (blue) (white) (red) 4. vice-admiral 5. vice-admiral 6. vice admiral (blue) (white) (red) 7. admiral 8. admiral 9. admiral (blue) (white) (red) then, as explained by michael lewis in the navy of britain (london, george allen & unwin, 1948), a clerical mistake introduced a tenth grade: the man who commanded the whole also commanded the central—and therefore the most important— squadron, the red.... he was therefore, in practice both admiral of the fleet and admiral of the red. but since it is always a man’s tendency to use the highest title to which he has a right, he almost always called himself by the former name.... the tenth kind of flag officer—admiral of the red as distinct from admiral of the fleet—was only introduced, as the result of an error, in 1805. in 1864, the color-coding was abandoned and the number of flag ranks was reduced to the current three, excluding the now dormant admiral of the fleet.
Admirals in the united states navy, английский
Having just overthrown a monarchy, and being imbued with ideals of equality, congress was initially reluctant to introduce the title of admiral which it felt would create an “aristocracy of the sea” unsuitable for a nascent republic. until the huge naval expansion of the civil war there were no flag officers, with captains in command of squadrons being temporarily awarded the courtesy title of commodore. permanent commodores (1-star) and rear admirals (2-stars) were introduced in 1862, followed by vice admirals (3-stars) in 1864, and full admirals (4-stars) in 1866. in 1891, however, the two senior ranks were allowed to lapse. eight years later, the permanent rank of commodore was abolished leaving only rear admirals, who were divided into upper and lower halves, with pay differences, but both wearing two stars. in 1915, with world war i raging, the commanders- in-chief of the atlantic, pacific and asiatic fleets were awarded the temporary rank of admiral, and their seconds-in-command that of vice admiral. a year later the chief of naval operations was also given temporary admiral rank. however, the navy register continued to list these officers in their permanent grade of rear admiral. it was not until july 1941, with world war ii looming over the united states, that congress authorized president roosevelt to award permanent commissions to three and four star admirals. in april 1943, the rank of commodore (1-star) was re-established for the duration of the war, after which it again lapsed. see also commodore admiral and table 15. admiral’s watch: informal usn term for the second dog watch when the embarked flag officer traditionally visits the bridge to chat with the vessel’s commanding officer. 19 admiral’s
Admiralship, английский
The combination of character traits and professional skills that allows a naval commander to develop successful strategies and tactics.
Admiralt, английский
Black-book. see black-book.
Admiralty, английский
- 1. a high naval authority in charge of a state`s navy or a major territorial component. in the royal navy (uk) the board of admiralty, executing the office of the lord high admiral, promulgates naval law in the form of queen`s (or king`s) regulations and admiralty instructions.
- An office for the administration of naval affairs, presided over by a lord high-admiral, whether the duty be discharged by one person, or by commissioners under the royal patent, who are styled lords, and during our former wars generally consisted of seven. the present constitution of the board of admiralty comprises—the first lord, a minister and civilian as to office; four naval lords; one civil lord attending to accounts, &c.; one chief secretary; one second secretary. two lords and one secretary form a legal board of admiralty wherever they may be assembled, under the authority of the board or its chief.
- [1] formerly, the department of state responsible for the british royal navy (see board of admiralty). [2] the building housing officials of that department. [3] maritime law.
Admiralty anchor, английский
Адмиралтейский якорь
Admiralty court, английский
- The constitution of this court relatively to the legislative power of the king in council, is analogous to that of the courts of common law relatively to the parliament of the kingdom.— high court of admiralty, a supreme court of law, in which the authority of the lord high-admiral is ostensibly exercised in his judicial capacity for the trial of maritime causes of a civil nature. although termed the high court of admiralty, more properly this is the court of vice-admiralty, and relates solely to civil and military matters of the sea, and sea boundaries, prizes, collisions, vessels or goods cast on the shore where the vice-admirals have civil jurisdiction, but no naval power, as the lord-lieutenants of counties are named in their patents “vice-admirals of the same;” in like manner all governors of colonies. all cases in connection are tried by the admiralty court in london, or by our “courts of vice-admiralty and prize jurisdictions abroad.” admirable as some of the decisions of this expensive tribunal have been, it has all the powers of the inquisition in its practice, and has thereby been an instrument of persecution to some innocent navigators, while it has befriended notorious villains. besides this we have the admiralty court of oyer and terminer, for the trial of all murders, piracies, or criminal acts which occur within the limits of the country, on the coast-lines, at sea, or wherever the admiralty jurisdiction extends—the deck of a british ship included.
- A tribunal administering maritime or admiralty law, including matters pertaining to shipping, collision, piracy, disposition of prizes, etc. admiralty law: a uniform, supranational, comprehensive body of maritime jurisprudence progressively codified over millennia. see laws & conventions of the sea, maritime law and united nations convention on the law of the sea.
Admiralty court; court of admiralty (in great britain), английский
Admiralty islands, английский
Admiralty law, английский
Body of law that deals with maritime cases. in the uk administered by the probate, divorce and admiralty division of the high court of justice or supreme court.
Admiralty midshipman, английский
- Formerly one who, having served the appointed time, and passed his examination for lieutenant, was appointed to a ship by the admiralty, and thus named in contradistinction to those who used to be rated by the captain; he generally had precedence for promotion to “acting orders.”
- Formerly one who, having served his time and passed the lieutenant’s examination, was appointed to a ship by the admiralty, in contradistinction to those who were rated by the captain.
Admiralty shackle, английский
Heavy shackle at the tail tree that connects the skyline to the stub line (guyline extension) (19).
Admiralty sweep, английский
A wide, cautious turn, made to come alongside another vessel or a jetty.
Port, английский
- The left side of a boat looking forward. a harbor.
- 1. интерфейс для подключения линий приема-передачи данных к сетевому устройству, например, компьютеру или концентратору
- Порт
- Обычно портом называют часть компьютерного оборудования, через которое передаются компьютерные данные; входы на задней панели компьютера являются портами.
- 1) on computer and telecommunication devices, a port (noun) is generally a specific place for being physically connected to some other device, usually with a socket and plug of some kind.
- Photo-optical recorder tracker
- Portable
- The left side of a ship looking forward. a harbour.
- The left side of the boat. towards the left-hand side of the ship facing forward (formerly larboard). denoted with a red light at night.
- The left-hand side of a ship when facing the front or forward end. the left side of a ship during darkness is indicated by a red light.
- In software, the act of converting code so that a program runs on more than one type of computer. in networking, a number that identifies a specific channel used by network services. for instance, gopher generally uses port 70 but is occasionally set to use other ports on various machines.
- Заходить в гавань, в порт
- Левый борт (судна)
- The left hand side of the boat when facing forward. 2
- A harbor. 3
- A window in a cabin on a boat.
- Люк; левый борт
- An old anglo-saxon word still in full use. it strictly means a place of resort for vessels, adjacent to an emporium of commerce, where cargoes are bought and sold, or laid up in warehouses, and where there are docks for shipping. it is not quite a synonym of harbour, since the latter does not imply traffic. vessels hail from the port they have quitted, but they are compelled to have the name of the vessel and of the port to which they belong painted on the bow or stern.—port is also in a legal sense a refuge more or less protected by points and headlands, marked out by limits, and may be resorted to as a place of safety, though there are many ports but rarely entered. the left side of the ship is called port, by admiralty order, in preference to larboard, as less mistakeable in sound for starboard.—to port the helm. so to move the tiller as to carry the rudder to the starboard side of the stern-post.— bar-port. one which can only be entered when the tide rises sufficiently to afford depth over a bar; this in many cases only occurs at spring-tides.—close-port. one within the body of a city, as that of rhodes, venice, amsterdam, &c.—free-port. one open and free of all duties for merchants of all nations to load and unload their vessels, as the ports of genoa and leghorn. also, a term used for a total exemption of duties which any set of merchants enjoy, for goods imported into a state, or those exported of the growth of the country. such was the privilege the english enjoyed for several years after their discovery of the port of archangel, and which was taken from them on account of the regicide in 1648.
- [1] the left side of a vessel when looking forward (see port & starboard). [2] a gunport. [3] the british merchant navy term for an opening or window in the side of a ship (the royal navy says scuttle, while the united states navy and merchant marine prefer porthole). [4] a coastal town or harbor equipped with cargo and passenger handling equipment, and which provides berthing facilities. [5] a place where ships may take refuge from foul weather (hence the phrase “any port in a storm”). [6] a fortified wine traditionally served when dining-in (see passing wine).
- Портативная радиотелефонная станция; мобильная радиотелефонная станция
- A cylindrical opening through the bit shank from which the circulating fluid is discharged at the bit face into the waterways.
- Any opening designed as an inlet, outlet, or short passageway for a working gas or fluid.
- Looking forward, the left side of a boat,
- A harbor,
- An opening for light or ventilation or passage of material in the side of a boat.
- The left side of the boat from the perspective of a person at the stern of the boat and looking toward the bow. the opposite of starboard.
- A porthole. a window in the side of a boat, usually round or with rounded corners. sometimes portholes can be opened, sometimes they are fixed shut. also see hatch.
- Harbor.
- Окно золотникового механизма; отверстие, штуцер га
Port, английский
The left side of the boat when you are looking forward.
Appointment, английский
- Cita
- An arrangement to see someone at a particular time i have an appointment with the doctor or to see the doctor on tuesday.
- The equipment, ordnance, furniture, and necessaries of a ship. also an officer`s commission. in the army, appointments usually imply military accoutrements, such as belts, sashes, gorgets, &c.
- In military or governmental service, refers to the designation or assignment of a person to perform a duty, or hold an office, station, or position.
- Встреча; условленная встреча
- A calendar item in the exchange store. appointments do not include other people or resources.
- An activity represented by a time interval that has a start time, an end time, and a duration.
Superannuated, английский
Applied to such as have permission to retire from the service on a stated pension, on account of age or infirmity.
Responsible, английский
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Port capacity, английский
- Refers to the estimated quantity of cargo a port or anchorage can clear in 24 hours (usually expressed in tons).
- Число поддерживаемых портов; количество портов
Porpoise, английский
[1] any of several gregarious toothed cetaceans, related to but distinct from whales and dolphins, characterized by a blunt snout and a triangular dorsal fin. also called sea hog. [2] said of a vessel whose bow repeatedly plunges beneath the waves and rises like a porpoise.
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